Context: Synthesis of Methyl Salicylate from Salicylic Acid In the liquid-liquid extraction of the crude mixture, what is the rationale behind the use of 10% NaHCO3? What exactly does it separate out?
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Context: Synthesis of Methyl Salicylate from Salicylic Acid
- In the liquid-liquid extraction of the crude mixture, what is the rationale behind the use of 10% NaHCO3? What exactly does it separate out?
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- A mixture is made up of low molecular weight carboxylic acid, alcohol and ester. What one step procedure can you use to extract the ester component from the mixture? Describe the process briefly. Given the following drugs in a urine specimen: Cocaine alkaloid Secobarbital (a derivative of barbituric acid) Carisoprodol (a neutral drug) Devise an analytical flow chart that will be used to separate these substances from a urine specimen. The separation will be liquid extraction methods. Choose appropriate solvents and reagents based on the properties of the materials to be separated.When you are extracting an aqueous solution with an organic solvent, you are uncertain of which layer in the separatory funnel is aqueous, how would you quickly sort out the issue.
- 3. Carboxylic acids, including fatty acids and benzoic acids, are often present in both municipal and industrial effluents. Describe a sample preparation combined with GC method for identification and determination of carboxylic acids in raw wastewater at ppb (Hg L-1) level. Point out a suitable sample preparation technique and GC conditions in details and give justifications for your choice. `OH Heptanoic acid LOH Benzoic acid ÇH3 он H3C ČH3 4-Methylbenzoic acid 2,4-Dimethylbenzoic acidThe following chromatogram was the output of the analysis of phytosterols in plants by gas chromatography. Cholesterol Campesterol Stigmasterol Brassicasterel osteral 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0 18.5 Min From the chromatogram which compound had the lowest boiling point? A Campesterol B Stigmasterol Cholesterol2.1g of sample are dissolved in methylene chloride and the sample is extracted with an aqueous solution of acid and base. Three compounds are isolated - 0.7g of ethyl p-aminobenzoate, 0.6 g of acetanilide, and 0.5 g of benzoic acid. Calculate the % composition of ethyl p-aminobenzoate in the recovered mixture. (Round the answer to 1 significant figure. Give just the number, not a % sign.)
- When extracting an aqueous solution with an organic solvent and after agitation and settling, the two layers are of very similar appearance. You know that the organic layer contains your product and the aqueous layer is the waste layer, but you are not 100% certain which layer is which. What simple test might you perform to determine which is the organic layer?What is the purpose of adding sodium carbonate in the mixture of water and water- soluble components obtained from the solid-liquid extraction step of isolation of alkaloids from tea leaves? A.Increases the solubility of alkaloids in water thus ensuring maximum yield B.deprotonates tannins so that they will remain in the aqueous layer during liquid-liquid extraction C.'hydrolyses cellulose thus separating it along with other water-soluble components D.protonates the alkaloid to make the solution acidicYou are employed as a coop student at the Drug and Alcohol Testing Association of Canada (DATAC) developing analytical tests for sports doping agents. You are asked to prepare a procedure for the extraction of methylphenidate, the active compound in Ritalin, from urine samples (consider them as simple aqueous layers, you do not need to consider other components!). The goal of the procedure is to extract the methylphenidate into an organic layer which will then be evaporated, and the residue will be tested for the drug.Your colleague is helping you develop the urine test. They suggest that the urine should be adjusted to a pH above 7 before extracting with the organic solvent. Why is this necessary? Support your explanation with a full arrow-pushing mechanism for the reaction that would occur if the pH was below 7. Include all formal charges, intermediates (if applicable) and products.
- You are employed as a coop student at the Drug and Alcohol Testing Association of Canada (DATAC) developing analytical tests for sports doping agents. You are asked to prepare a procedure for the extraction of methylphenidate, the active compound in Ritalin, from urine samples (consider them as simple aqueous layers, you do not need to consider other components!). The goal of the procedure is to extract the methylphenidate into an organic layer which will then be evaporated, and the residue will be tested for the drug.You find that methylphenidate is highly soluble in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, a bio-renewable solvent. Draw the structure of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and give two reasons why it is a good solvent choice for liquid-liquid extraction.What is the difference in the solubility of benzoic acid and sodium benzoate in water and explain which of them will be more soluble in chloroform.An organic chemistry laboratory Extraction; the extraction of crude naphtalene- benzoic acid mixture. Naphthalene is a suspect carcinogen and is toxic to aquatic life. Find an alternative pair of molecules that adhere better to the principles of green chemistry and can be separated by extraction using green' solvents. (kindly answer fully)