Decide whether each of the molecules in the table below is stable, in the exact form in which it is drawn, at pH = 2. If you decide at least one molecule is not stable, then redraw one of the unstable molecules in its stable form below the table. (If more than one mole unstable, you can pick any of them to redraw.) OH Ostable O unstable O stable O unstable OH OH u Ostable O unstable stable O unstable X

Decide whether each of the molecules in the table below is stable, in the exact form in which it is drawn, at pH = 2. If you decide at least one molecule is not stable, then redraw one of the unstable molecules in its stable form below the table. (If more than one mole unstable, you can pick any of them to redraw.) OH Ostable O unstable O stable O unstable OH OH u Ostable O unstable stable O unstable X

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter12: Chemical Equilibrium

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 121QRT: When a mixture of hydrogen and bromine is maintained at normal atmospheric pressure and heated above...

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Acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) is an important chemical both industrially and biologically. For instance, it is a (somewhat toxic) intermediate in the body's metabolism of ethanol into acetic acid, and thus is possibly implicated in the "hungover" symptoms of someone who has had too much to drink the night before. In aqueous solution, it establishes an equilibrium with a hydrated form, shown below. CH3CHO (aq) + H2O (l) <--> CH3CH(OH)2 (aq) You start with an aqueous sample, already at equilibrium, with the CH3CH(OH)2 (the hydrated form) at a concentration of 2.60 M. You have no information about how much, if any, of the anhydrous form (CH3CHO) is initially in the flask. If you add 2.0 M of CH3CHO to the reaction flask, and as the equilibrium is being restored the amount of CH3CH(OH)2 changes by 1.13 M, what is the final amount of CH3CHO?
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When a mixture of hydrogen and bromine is maintained at normal atmospheric pressure and heated above 200. °C in a closed container, the hydrogen and bromine react to form hydrogen bromide and a gas-phase equilibrium is established. Write a balanced chemical equation for the equilibrium reaction. Use bond enthalpies from Table 6.2 ( Sec. 6-6b) to estimate the enthalpy change for the reaction. Based on your answers to parts (a) and (b), which is more important in determining the position of this equilibrium, the entropy effect or the energy effect? In which direction will the equilibrium shift as the temperature increases above 200. °C? Explain. Suppose that the pressure were increased to triple its initial value. In which direction would the equilibrium shift? Why is the equilibrium not established at room temperature?
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