During the reaction of 1-bromobutane with sodium ethoxide, a white precipitate form. This precipitate disappears during the initial quench (addn of water) of the work-up procedure. What is it? Where did it go?
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During the reaction of 1-bromobutane with sodium ethoxide, a white precipitate form. This precipitate disappears during the initial quench (addn of water) of the work-up procedure. What is it? Where did it go?
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- A student attempted to prepare 1-chlorobutane by mixing 1-butanol with NaCl in acetone. Was the student succesful? Explain.In preparation of dibenzalacetone from benzaldehyde: Give two techniques that can be used to purify partially air-oxidized benzaldehyde. Indicate how each technique works in purifying benzaldebyde from its air-oxidized impurities.The following sequence of steps converts (R)-2-octanol to (S)-2-octanol. Propose structural formulas for intermediates A and B, specify the configuration of each, and account for the inversion of configuration in this sequence.
- Imagine that phenol (“hydroxybenzene”) and nitrobenzene are reacted (in separate beakers) with a hot solution containing both concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid. A) In analyzing the products, you discover that the substitution pattern resulting from the reaction with phenol differs from the reaction with nitrobenzene. Explain this difference in substitution patterns using one or more judiciously selected reaction mechanisms or portions of mechanisms.In the workup of the grignard reaction of turning bromobenzene to benzoic acid, we start by mixing the grignard with HCl and diethyl ether. We discard the aqueous layer and wash the organic layer with water. Then, the organic layer is extracted with NaOH. Then, the extracts are heated to remove ether. Then, it is precipitated with HCl. Precipitate collected. Let it dry and finally, purified with toluene and hexanes. Please make a flowchart of the process of this workup indicating what products and byproducts are forming. And what compounds are in the aqueous layer and organic layer in the steps.A task is assigned to an undergraduate student to test two samples (known as compounds K and L) in the laboratory. She placed these two compounds through various scientific tests. She discovered that these compounds have the same molecular formula, CSHSO. When treated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, all of these compounds produce brightly coloured precipitate, and both are reduced to an organic compound with the molecular formula C§H100. However, compound K can be easily oxidized by chromic acid to formed compound N and vice versa for compound L. Furthermore, when both compounds react with Fehling's solutions, they produce negative results. However, only compound K forms a silver mirror when it reacts with Tollen's reagent, and compound L does not. Identify the possible structural formulae for compounds K, L, and N by ignoring their position isomerism. Indicate the formation of compound N from compound K. Predict the chemical reaction that occurs when compound L reacts with 2,4-…
- A chemist wanted to synthesize the anesthetic 2-ethoxy-2-methylpropane. He used ethoxide ion and 2-chloro-2-methylpropane for his synthesis and ended up with no ether. What was the product of his synthesis? What reagents should he have used?Which of the following reactions will synthesize phenol from benzene? 1) HNO3 + H2SO4; 2) Fe, HCl; 3) NaNO2, HCl, 0-10 oC; 4) warm H2SO4 and H2O 1) HNO3 + H2SO4; 2) Fe, HCl; 3) NaNO2, HCl, 0-10 oC; 4) CuCN; 5) dilute acid and heat 1) Acetyl chloride & AlCl3; 2) bleach 1) Ph-N2+ + KI; 2) BrMgCH=CH2 in ether, followed by H3O+; 3) warm, conc'd KMnO4 1) Cl-CH(CH3)-CH2CH2CH3 + FeBr3; 2) hot, conc'd KMnO4Some alcohols undergo rearrangement or other unwanted side reactions when they dehydrate in acid. Alcohols may be dehydrated under mildly basic conditions using phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) in pyridine. The alcohol reacts with phosphorus oxychloride much like it reacts with tosyl chloride, displacing a chloride ion from phosphorus to give an alkyl dichlorophosphate ester. The dichlorophosphate group is an outstanding leaving group. Pyridine reacts as a base with the dichlorophosphate ester to give an E2 elimination. Propose a mechanism for the dehydration of cyclohexanol by POCl3 in pyridine.
- You have a separatory funnel that contains a solution of 2-chlorobenzoic acid and 4-methylaniline in methylene chloride. By adding NaOH (aq) into this solution for extraction, what compound(s) would be expected to form in the aqueous layer? Write the equation.- How could the following changes in reaction conditions affect the rate of the reaction when isopropanol (IPA) reacts with 2-bromo-2-methylpentane? The concentration of the IPA is halved by adding petroleum ether as the solvent. b. The concentration of the bromoalkene is quadrupled. а.7. Compound AA, C4H®O, gives a positive result (formation of a silver mirror) when reacted with Tollen's reagent. Reduction of compound AA with lithium aluminium hydride, LİAIH4 followed by acidified water, H3O* produces an alcohol, BB. Oxidation of BB with hot acidified potassium dichromate, K2Cr207 gives butanoic acid, C3H7COOH. Esterification between butanoic acid and methanol, CH3OH produces compound CC. Dehydration of compound BB using concentrated sulphuric acid, H2SO4 at a temperature of 180°C produces compound DD.