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FIGURE 16-17 Summary of the procedure The Ames test reveals mutagenic compounds used for the Ames test. Solubilized liver enzymes (S9) are added to a suspension of auxotrophic bacteria in a solution of the potential carcinogen (X). The mixture is plated on a medium containing no histidine. The presence of revertants indicates that the chemical is a mutagen and possibly a carcinogen as well. His- - Hist reversion test s9 Strain S9 S9 Strain 2 FIGURE 16-18 TA100, TA1538, and TA1535 are strains of Salmonella bearing different histidine auxotrophic mutations. The TA100 strain is highly sensitive to reversion through base-pair substitution. The TA1535 and TA1538 strains are Liver Grind liver and centrifuge enzymes Strain 1 or S9 strain 2 (Control) sensitive to reversion through frameshift mutation. The test results show that His-- His+ reversion test aflatoxin B, is a potent mutation that causes base-pair substitutions but not frameshifts. [Data from J. McCann and B. N. Mix and plate Ames, in W. G. Flamm and M. A. Mehlman,

FIGURE 16-17 Summary of the procedure The Ames test reveals mutagenic compounds used for the Ames test. Solubilized liver enzymes (S9) are added to a suspension of auxotrophic bacteria in a solution of the potential carcinogen (X). The mixture is plated on a medium containing no histidine. The presence of revertants indicates that the chemical is a mutagen and possibly a carcinogen as well. His- - Hist reversion test s9 Strain S9 S9 Strain 2 FIGURE 16-18 TA100, TA1538, and TA1535 are strains of Salmonella bearing different histidine auxotrophic mutations. The TA100 strain is highly sensitive to reversion through base-pair substitution. The TA1535 and TA1538 strains are Liver Grind liver and centrifuge enzymes Strain 1 or S9 strain 2 (Control) sensitive to reversion through frameshift mutation. The test results show that His-- His+ reversion test aflatoxin B, is a potent mutation that causes base-pair substitutions but not frameshifts. [Data from J. McCann and B. N. Mix and plate Ames, in W. G. Flamm and M. A. Mehlman,

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
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In the Ames test shown in Figure 16-17, what is the reason for adding the liver extract to each sample?

FIGURE 16-17 Summary of the procedure The Ames test reveals mutagenic compounds used for the Ames test. Solubilized liver enzymes (S9) are added to a suspension of auxotrophic bacteria in a solution of the potential carcinogen (X). The mixture is plated on a medium containing no histidine. The presence of revertants indicates that the chemical is a mutagen and possibly a carcinogen as well. His- - Hist reversion test s9 Strain S9 S9 Strain 2 FIGURE 16-18 TA100, TA1538, and TA1535 are strains of Salmonella bearing different histidine auxotrophic mutations. The TA100 strain is highly sensitive to reversion through base-pair substitution. The TA1535 and TA1538 strains are Liver Grind liver and centrifuge enzymes Strain 1 or S9 strain 2 (Control) sensitive to reversion through frameshift mutation. The test results show that His-- His+ reversion test aflatoxin B, is a potent mutation that causes base-pair substitutions but not frameshifts. [Data from J. McCann and B. N. Mix and plate Ames, in W. G. Flamm and M. A. Mehlman,
Transcribed Image Text:FIGURE 16-17 Summary of the procedure The Ames test reveals mutagenic compounds used for the Ames test. Solubilized liver enzymes (S9) are added to a suspension of auxotrophic bacteria in a solution of the potential carcinogen (X). The mixture is plated on a medium containing no histidine. The presence of revertants indicates that the chemical is a mutagen and possibly a carcinogen as well. His- - Hist reversion test s9 Strain S9 S9 Strain 2 FIGURE 16-18 TA100, TA1538, and TA1535 are strains of Salmonella bearing different histidine auxotrophic mutations. The TA100 strain is highly sensitive to reversion through base-pair substitution. The TA1535 and TA1538 strains are Liver Grind liver and centrifuge enzymes Strain 1 or S9 strain 2 (Control) sensitive to reversion through frameshift mutation. The test results show that His-- His+ reversion test aflatoxin B, is a potent mutation that causes base-pair substitutions but not frameshifts. [Data from J. McCann and B. N. Mix and plate Ames, in W. G. Flamm and M. A. Mehlman,
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