Forrester and Cohen is a small accounting firm managed by Joseph Cohen since the retirement in December of his partner, Brenda Forrester. Cohen and his 3 CPAs together bill 640 hours per month. When Cohen or another accountant bills more than 160 hours per month, he or she gets an additional "overtime" pay of $62.50 for each of the extra hours. This is above and beyond the $5,000 salary each draws during the month. (Cohen draws the same base pay as his employees.) Cohen strongly discourages any CPA from working (billing) more than 250 hours in any given month. The demand for billable hours for the firm over the next 6 months is estimated below. Month Jan. Feb. Estimate of Billable Hours 600 490
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- In the financial world, there are many types of complex instruments called derivatives that derive their value from the value of an underlying asset. Consider the following simple derivative. A stocks current price is 80 per share. You purchase a derivative whose value to you becomes known a month from now. Specifically, let P be the price of the stock in a month. If P is between 75 and 85, the derivative is worth nothing to you. If P is less than 75, the derivative results in a loss of 100(75-P) dollars to you. (The factor of 100 is because many derivatives involve 100 shares.) If P is greater than 85, the derivative results in a gain of 100(P-85) dollars to you. Assume that the distribution of the change in the stock price from now to a month from now is normally distributed with mean 1 and standard deviation 8. Let EMV be the expected gain/loss from this derivative. It is a weighted average of all the possible losses and gains, weighted by their likelihoods. (Of course, any loss should be expressed as a negative number. For example, a loss of 1500 should be expressed as -1500.) Unfortunately, this is a difficult probability calculation, but EMV can be estimated by an @RISK simulation. Perform this simulation with at least 1000 iterations. What is your best estimate of EMV?Forrester and Cohen is a small accounting firm, managedby Joseph Cohen since the retirement in December of hispartner Brad Forrester. Cohen and his three CPAs can togetherbill 640 hours per month. When Cohen or another accountantbills more than 160 hours per month, he or she gets an additional"overtime" pay of$62.50 for each of the extra hours: this is aboveand beyond the $5,000 salary each draws during the month.(Cohen draws the same base pay as his employees.) Cohenstrongly discourages any CPA from working (billing) more than240 hours in any given month. The demand for billable hours forthe firm over the next 6 months is estimated below: Cohen has an agreement with Forrester, his former partner,to help out during the busy tax season, if needed, for an hourly feeof $125. Cohen will not even consider laying off one of his colleaguesin the case of a slow economy. He could, however,…Assume “Jane” saves $10,000 per year for 10 years starting at age 25. At age 35 she no longer is able to save but leaves her accumulated savings invested until age 65 when she retires. Assume “John” does not begin saving until age 35, but then saves $10,000 per year until age 65 when he also retires. Assume John and Jane invest their entire wealth in the same mutual fund. Who accumulates a larger retirement nest egg? 1. Answer this question by building an Excel spreadsheet that allows you to show the difference in wealth at age 65 assuming an annual rate of return of 8%. Make sure your model allows you to change the assumed rate of return and automatically recalculate the difference in wealth at age 65. 2. At what assumed rate of return are John and Jane’s wealth at age 65 equal? Use “Goal Seek” in order to find this rate of return. 3. Create a graph to clearly show how final wealth for John and Jane depends on the rate of return. Start at 0% and increase the rate of return in…
- My current income is $40,000. I believe that I owe$8,000 in taxes. For $500, I can hire a CPA to review mytax return; there is a 20% chance that she will saveme $4,000 in taxes. My utility function for (disposableincome) (current income) (taxes) (payment toaccountant) is given by x where x is disposable income.Should I hire the CPA?You have recently won the super jackpot in the WashingtonState Lottery. On reading the fine print, you discover that you have the following twooptions:a. You will receive 31 annual payments of $250,000, with the first payment beingdelivered today. The income will be taxed at a rate of 28 percent. Taxes will bewithheld when the checks are issued.b. You will receive $530,000 now, and you will not have to pay taxes on this amount.In addition, beginning one year from today, you will receive $200,000 each yearfor 30 years. The cash flows from this annuity will be taxed at 28 percent.Using a discount rate of 7 percent, which option should you select?A trust officer at the Blacksburg National Bank needs to determine how to invest $100,000 in the following collection of bonds to maximize the total annual return (before tax). Bond Annual Return Maturity Risk Tax-Free A 9.5% Long High Yes B 8.0% Short Low Yes C 9.0% Long Low No D 9.0% Long High Yes E 9.0% Short High No The officer wants to invest as least 50% of the money in short-term issues and no more than 50% in high-risk issues. At least 30% of the funds should go in tax-free investments, and at least 40% of the total annual return should be tax free. Suppose the decision variable represents the amount of money invested in bond for . Formulate a linear programming (LP) model to solve the optimal strategy. 1. Write down the constraint using the defined decision variables requiring “invest as least 50% of the money in short-term issues”. 2. Write down the constraint using the defined decision…
- During the first year software will be purchased from a reputable vendor for $3,000,000. An internal team aided by a hired consulting is also used. The payroll for the internal team is $500,000 for the first year and increases by $500,000 in years two and three. Also, $500,000 will be spent on consulting during the first year and $1,000,000 during each of years two and three. $2,000,000 will need to be invested in hardware during the second year and an additional $500,000 investment in hardware will be needed for year three. $200,000 in training will be needed the first year, $500,000 the second year, and $2,000,000 the third year. Management considers the expenditures for the first three years as investment in the system. Management estimates the operating cost of the system to be $2,500,000 (for personnel and other costs) in year 4 and to grow by 6% per year for years 5 through 10. The benefits are estimated to be $4,000,000 for year 4 and to grow by 30% per year for years 5…A trust officer at the Blacksburg National Bank needs to determine how to invest $150,000 in the following collection of bonds to maximize the annual return. Bond Annual Return Maturity Risk Tax Free A 9.5% Long High Yes B 8.0% Short Low Yes C 9.0% Long Low No D 9.0% Long High Yes E 9.0% Short High No The officer wants to invest at least 40% of the money in short-term issues and no more than 20% in high-risk issues. At least 25% of the funds should go in tax-free investments, and at least 45% of the total annual return should be tax free. Formulate the LP model for this problem. Create the spreadsheet model and use Solver to solve the problem. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.This section contains questions regarding the 2nd part of the Unit 1 with the following topics: 1. Financial Planning2. Savings and budgeting3. Investing 1.Mutual Fund is when an investor directly acquires a claim on a security or property True False 2. The "Rule of 75" is used to determine the number of yearss needed to double the value of your money * True False
- Sunday. Suppose that the production department wants to meet its daily requirements using onlyfull-time employees. Formulate an LP that the production department can use to minimize thenumber of full time employees who must be hired Sunday. Suppose that the production department wants to meet its daily requirements using onlyfull-time employees. Formulate an LP that the production department can use to minimize thenumber of full time employees who must be hired. Formulate an LP that the production department can use to minimize the total cost instead ofthe number of employees. (Let ci: the cost of workers who start work on day i) Suppose that the production department can meet its daily requirements using both full-timeand part-time employees (one day at a time). Let pi: the cost of a part-time worker on day i,solve part a. Suppose that the number of workers needed on day i is di. Let wi be the actual number ofworkers on day i. Formulate an LP where the “cost” of having too many…each company sinks wells of the same size at the same time. If both companies sink wide wells, each will extract 2 million barrels in 6 months, but each company will receive profit of only GHC 1 million. On the other if each company sinks a narrow well, it will take a year for Clampett and TEXplor to extract their respective shares, but their profits will be GHC14 million apiece. Finally, if one company drills a wide well while the other company drills a narrow well, the first company will extract 3 million barrels and the second company will extract only 1 million barrels. In this case, the first company will earn profits of GHC 16 million and the second company will actually lose GHC 1million.1. Illustrate this using a normal form game. 2. Does either firm have a strictly dominant strategy? If yes, what is (are) these strategies? Explain your answer. 3. What strategy will each firm adopt? Explain your answer. 4. Does this game have a Nash equilibrium? Explain your answer5. Is…A retired couple supplement their income by making fruit pies, which they sell to a local grocery store. During the month of September, they produce apple and grape pies. The apple pies are sold for $10.00 to the grocer, and the grape pies are sold for $8.00. The couple is able to sell all of the pies they produce owing to their high quality. They use fresh ingredients. Flour and sugar are purchased once each month. For the month of September, they have 1,500 cups of sugar and 2,400 cups of flour. Each apple pie requires 1½ cups of sugar and 3 cups of flour, and each grape pie requires 2 cups of sugar and 3 cups of flour. a. Determine the number of grape and the number of apple pies that will maximize revenues if the couple working together can make an apple pie in 6 minutes and a grape pie in 3 minutes. They plan to work no more than 60 hours. (Round your answers to nearest whole number.) b. Determine the amounts of sugar, flour, and time that will be unused. (Leave no cells blank -…