Fuel Production. Bay Oil produces two types of fuel (regular and super) by mixing three ingredients. The major distinguishing feature of the two products is the octane level required. Regular fuel must have a minimum octane level of 90, whereas super must have a level of at least 100. The cost per barrel, octane levels, and available amounts (in barrels) for the upcoming two-week period appear in the following table, along with the maximum demand for each end product and the revenue generated per barrel: Ingredient Cost/Barrel Octane Available (barrels) 1 $16.50 100 110,000 $14.00 87 350,000 3 $17.50 110 300,000 Revenue/Barrel Max Demand (barrels) Regular $18.50 350,000 Super $20.00 500,000

Fuel Production. Bay Oil produces two types of fuel (regular and super) by mixing three ingredients. The major distinguishing feature of the two products is the octane level required. Regular fuel must have a minimum octane level of 90, whereas super must have a level of at least 100. The cost per barrel, octane levels, and available amounts (in barrels) for the upcoming two-week period appear in the following table, along with the maximum demand for each end product and the revenue generated per barrel: Ingredient Cost/Barrel Octane Available (barrels) 1 $16.50 100 110,000 $14.00 87 350,000 3 $17.50 110 300,000 Revenue/Barrel Max Demand (barrels) Regular $18.50 350,000 Super $20.00 500,000

Practical Management Science

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337406659

Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Publisher:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Chapter11: Simulation Models

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 69P: The Tinkan Company produces one-pound cans for the Canadian salmon industry. Each year the salmon...

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Scenario 3 Ben Gibson, the purchasing manager at Coastal Products, was reviewing purchasing expenditures for packaging materials with Jeff Joyner. Ben was particularly disturbed about the amount spent on corrugated boxes purchased from Southeastern Corrugated. Ben said, I dont like the salesman from that company. He comes around here acting like he owns the place. He loves to tell us about his fancy car, house, and vacations. It seems to me he must be making too much money off of us! Jeff responded that he heard Southeastern Corrugated was going to ask for a price increase to cover the rising costs of raw material paper stock. Jeff further stated that Southeastern would probably ask for more than what was justified simply from rising paper stock costs. After the meeting, Ben decided he had heard enough. After all, he prided himself on being a results-oriented manager. There was no way he was going to allow that salesman to keep taking advantage of Coastal Products. Ben called Jeff and told him it was time to rebid the corrugated contract before Southeastern came in with a price increase request. Who did Jeff know that might be interested in the business? Jeff replied he had several companies in mind to include in the bidding process. These companies would surely come in at a lower price, partly because they used lower-grade boxes that would probably work well enough in Coastal Products process. Jeff also explained that these suppliers were not serious contenders for the business. Their purpose was to create competition with the bids. Ben told Jeff to make sure that Southeastern was well aware that these new suppliers were bidding on the contract. He also said to make sure the suppliers knew that price was going to be the determining factor in this quote, because he considered corrugated boxes to be a standard industry item. As the Marketing Manager for Southeastern Corrugated, what would you do upon receiving the request for quotation from Coastal Products?
The Tinkan Company produces one-pound cans for the Canadian salmon industry. Each year the salmon spawn during a 24-hour period and must be canned immediately. Tinkan has the following agreement with the salmon industry. The company can deliver as many cans as it chooses. Then the salmon are caught. For each can by which Tinkan falls short of the salmon industrys needs, the company pays the industry a 2 penalty. Cans cost Tinkan 1 to produce and are sold by Tinkan for 2 per can. If any cans are left over, they are returned to Tinkan and the company reimburses the industry 2 for each extra can. These extra cans are put in storage for next year. Each year a can is held in storage, a carrying cost equal to 20% of the cans production cost is incurred. It is well known that the number of salmon harvested during a year is strongly related to the number of salmon harvested the previous year. In fact, using past data, Tinkan estimates that the harvest size in year t, Ht (measured in the number of cans required), is related to the harvest size in the previous year, Ht1, by the equation Ht = Ht1et where et is normally distributed with mean 1.02 and standard deviation 0.10. Tinkan plans to use the following production strategy. For some value of x, it produces enough cans at the beginning of year t to bring its inventory up to x+Ht, where Ht is the predicted harvest size in year t. Then it delivers these cans to the salmon industry. For example, if it uses x = 100,000, the predicted harvest size is 500,000 cans, and 80,000 cans are already in inventory, then Tinkan produces and delivers 520,000 cans. Given that the harvest size for the previous year was 550,000 cans, use simulation to help Tinkan develop a production strategy that maximizes its expected profit over the next 20 years. Assume that the company begins year 1 with an initial inventory of 300,000 cans.
Demand for stereo headphones and music players for joggers has caused Nina Industries to grow almost 50 percent over the past year. The number of joggers continues to expand, so Nina expects demand for headsets to also expand, because, as yet, no safety laws have been passed to prevent joggers from wearing them. Demand for the players for this year was as follows: MONTH DEMAND (UNITS) January 4,150 February 4,250 March 3,950 April 4,350 May 4,950 June 4,650 July 5,250 August 4,850 September 5,350 October 5,650 November 6,250 December 5,950 a. Using linear regression analysis, what would you estimate demand to be for each month next year? Using a spreadsheet, follow the general format in Exhibit 3.8. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.) b. To be reasonably confident of meeting demand, Nina decides to use 3 standard errors of estimate for safety. How many additional units should be held to meet this…
VGHC, humanitarian aid service in the Sub-Saharan Africa, operates its laboratory on-site. The lab maintains an inventory of test kits for a variety of procedures. VGHC uses 780 A1C kits each year. Ordering costs are $15 and holding costs are $3 per kit per year. The new price list indicates that orders of fewer than 73 kits will cost $60 per kit, 73 through 144 kits will cost $56 per kit, and orders of more than 144 kits will cost $53 per kit. Determine the optimal order quantity and the total cost.
A company forecasts demand for a component at around 2,500 units a year. They make the component internally, and it costs $500 to set up each production run with a variable cost of $30 a unit. The holding costs are 20 % of value a year and the production rate is 10,000 units a year. There is a lead time of two months from receiving a production requisition until finished units begin to come from the production line. Question: How long is each inventory cycle (in weeks)?
Becky Shelton, a teacher at kemp middle school is in charge of ordering the T-shirts to be sold for the school's annual fund-raising project the t-shirts are printed with a special kemp school logo. In some years the supply of T-shirts has been insufficient to satisfy the number of sales orders. In other years, T-shirts have been left over. excess T-shirts are normally donated to some charitable organization. T-shirts cost the school $7 each and are normally sold for $14 each. Ms Shelton has decided to order 790 shirts. Required 1) if the school receives actual sales orders for 715 shirts, what amount of profit will the school earn?what is the cost of waste due to excess inventory? 2) If the school receives actual sales orders for 830 shits, what amount of profit will the school earn? What amount of opportunity cost will the school incur? a) Profit $1,050 waste due to excess inventory b) Profit opportunity cost
Demand for portable music players for joggers has caused Nancy Industries (Nancy) to grow almost 50 percent over the past year. The number of joggers continues to expand, so Nancy expects demand for music player to also expand, because, as yet, no safety laws have been passed to prevent joggers from wearing them. Demands for the players for last year was as follows : Month Demand (units) Jan 4200 Feb 4300 Mar 4000 Apr 4400 May 5000 Jun 4700 Jul 5300 Aug 4900 Sep 5400 Oct 5700 Nov 6300 Dec 6000 Question : From the choice of simple moving average, weighted moving average, exponential smoothing, and linear regression analysis, which forecasting technique would you consider the most accurate to Nancy Industries? Why?
Demand for stereo headphones and MP3 players for joggers has caused Nina Industries to grow almost 50 percent over the past year. The number of joggers continues to expand, so Nina expects demand for headsets to also expand, because, as yet, no safety laws have been passed to prevent joggers from wearing them. Demand for the players for last year was as follows: MONTH DEMAND (UNITS) January February 4,100 4,200 March 3,900 April 4,300 May 4,900 June 4,600 July 5,200 August 4,800 September 5,300 October 5,600 November 6,200 December 5,900
Demand for stereo headphones and MP3 players for joggers has caused Nina Industries to grow almost 50 percent over the past year. The number of joggers continues to expand, so Nina expects demand for headsets to also expand, because, as yet, no safety laws have been passed to prevent joggers from wearing them. Demand for the players for last year was as follows: MONTH DEMAND (UNITS) January 4,120 February 4,220 March 3,920 April 4,320 May 4,920 June 4,620 July 5,220 August 4,820 September 5,320 October 5,620 November 6,220 December 5,920 a. Using linear regression analysis, what would you estimate demand to be for each month next year? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.) b. To be reasonably confident of meeting demand, Nina decides to use 3 standard errors of estimate for safety. How many additional units should be held to meet this level of confidence? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round…
Spark Ltd has two divisions, assembly and electrical. The assembly division transfers partially completed components to the electrical division at a predetermined transfer price. The assembly division's standard variable production cost per unit is $550. This division has spare capacity, and it could sell all its components to outside buyers at $680 per unit in a perfectly competitive market. Required: a) Determine a transfer price using the general rule b) How would the transfer price change if the assembly division had no spare capacity? c) What transfer price would you recommend if there was no outside market for the transferred component and the assembly division had spare capacity? d) Explain how negotiation between the supplying and buying units may be used to set transfer prices. How does this relate to the general transfer pricing rule?
A manager must set up inventory ordering systems for two new production items, P34 and P35.P34 can be ordered at any time, but P35 can be ordered only once every four weeks. The companyoperates 50 weeks a year, and the weekly usage rates for both items are normally distributed. Themanager has gathered the following information about the items.Item P34 Item P35Average weekly demand 60 units 70 unitsStandard deviation 4 units per week 5 units per weekUnit cost $15 $20Annual holding cost 30% 30%Ordering cost $70 $30Lead time 2 weeks 2 weeksAcceptable stockout risk 2.5% 2.5%a. When should the manager reorder each item?b. Compute the order quantity for P34.c. Compute the order quantity for P35 if 110 units are on hand at the time the order is placed.
As a logistics specialist, you are responsible for meeting customer demand. One of your customers places orders for you to supply four products by the end of October. You have limited capacity for raw material and other facilities. You are required to satisfy customer demand by manufacturing the products and/or buying from a supplier. After consulting with the production department, you obtained the following information. Product A Product B Product C Product D Order quantity 2000 3500 1500 2500 Hours required on machine X per unit 2 4 5 3 Hours required on machine Y per unit 4 3 6 2 Raw material in kilos 5 1 4 6 Time needed for Packaging per unit 36 minutes 30 minutes 45 minutes 24 minutes Available monthly hours per month: 8,000 on machine X, 6000 on machine Y, and 3,000 hours for packaging. Purchased items from your supplier are already packaged. Available raw material per month: 5,000 kilos…