Full employment output is 100. We have AD = 200 -2P where P is the price level. Suppose that a demand shock lowers the AD curve to 180 - 2P. Since the price is fixed, the quantity of produced in the short run immediately after the negative AD shock is (40, 50, 80, 100), but the price in the long run is (40, 50, 80, 100)
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- A recessionary gap exists when the macro economy is in equilibrium at less than the potential output of the the economy because aggregate demand is insufficient to fully employ all of society' s resources. In other words, the equilibrium (AD = AS) occurs to the left of the vertical long-run supply curve. At this point, potential output is reached ( full employment) and if any unemployment occurs, then it is due to structural or frictional; that is, the economy is at its natural rate of employment. True or falsesA recessionary gap exists when the macro economy is in equilibrium at less than the potential output of the the economy because aggregate demand is insufficient to fully employ all of society' s resources. In other words, the equilibrium (AD = AS) occurs to the left of the vertical long-run supply curve. At this point, potential output is reached ( full employment) and if any unemployment occurs, then it is due to structural or frictional; that is, the economy is at its natural rate of employment. True FalseCarefully explain why the price level are rigid in the short run (SR). Illustrate your answer using a real world example where a price of an item may not change for months even though the raw material cost to produce that item may change.
- The short-run quantity of output supplied by firms will exceed the natural level of output when the actual price level ———-that people expected.If Country X is currently at full employment. A fall in future profit will reduce SAS and hence increase price and real GDP. reduce LAS and hence raise price but reduce real GDP. reduce AD and hence raise price and real GDP. reduce AD and hence reduce price and real GDP.Assume that the economy is in a full employment equilibrium. There is an improvement in overall technology for all firms. The following combination of events are likely to occur a output rises, prices fall b output falls, prices rise . c output rises, prices rise d output falls, prices fall
- If a firm believes that their relative price has changed, then they will increase their output, since their product is more valuable (in relative price terms). Thus, the output of firms will be Y = Y +x (P - EP) where alpha is the relative increase in work driven by an increase in expected price level Thirty percent of firms can adjust their prices ex-post. If a=1, and the current price level is $200, then draw the SRAS curve around the potential output of $10,000. Then, determine the increase in price above expectation if 40% of firms are sticky-price firms, flexible price firms respond with a=0.02 and Y rises by $2400.Consider starting from full-employment equilibrium in our Aggregate Demand and Supply model (with flexible wages and worker misperception of price level changes in the short run), at Po, QN on the output market graph below. Then we get an increase in Aggregate Demand from Agg Do to Agg D1. Group of answer choices a) In the long run, P will increase further above P1 as workers finally get a full cost of living raise. b) at P1, Q1, we are in a recessionary gap. c) In the long run, P and Q will return to their original levels when workers perceive the decrease in P. d) In the long run Q will increase further above Q1 as employment increases (due to workers getting wage increases). e) None of the other options.Using a separate set of AS-AD diagrams for each of the following scenarios, explain what is likely to happen to the output (Y), unemployment, price level, and inflation in the short run, making sure to explain the shifts in any curve: a. U.S. households decide to save more and more than doubles the total savings per year. b. With the news of rapid vaccinations, the consumer and business confidence surges. c. Natural gas is now the most important source of power in the U.S. And, since the advent of fracking, it is also the cheapest. New administration imposes a ban on fracking which increases the prices of not only natural gas, but all carbon fuels. d. The U.S. is currently described as mostly recovered from the pandemic induced recession. Congress and the White House enacts a $2 Trillion “infrastructure” spending.
- The figure below is a part of the AD-AS model as a description of the current situation of an economy. PA=$10 P YA=4000 Y a) Find the short-run equilibrium (i.e. the real output and the price level thereof) of this economy. b) If the natural level of output is 3500, which one will be higher, the unemployment rate at point A, or the natural unemployment rate? Explain. c) Give two reasons as to why the short-run aggregate supply is upward sloping. d) Suppose the government takes no action about the situation indicated above. Explain, with the help of a figure properly labeled, what will happen in this economy in the long run. e) Describe the two kinds of macroeconomic policies that can be used in the situation described before part c). Indicate clearly in your description whether each policy is to the aggregate demand or aggregate supply or Further, give reason(s) as to why the government may want to use these policies rather than doing nothing.Start at full-employment (FE) equilibrium with flexible wages and worker misperception of price level changes in the short run. Suppose then that we have an increase in Aggregate Demand. First, think about the short-run effects on price level (P), output level (Q), wage level (W), employment (L), and unemployment (U)? In the long run, once workers realize that there was a change in the price level, they will change the supply curve of labor. When all subsequent wage and price adjustments take place, we will be in a new long-run equilibrium. From the original full-employment (FE) equilibrium to the final one, what is the net change in the price level (P), output level (Q), the nominal wage (W), employment (L), unemployment rate (U), and the real wage (W/P)? Group of answer choices a) An increase in P, no change in Q, no change in W, an increase in L, an increase in U and no change in W/P. b) An increase in P, a decrease in Q, a decrease in W, a decrease in L, an…The labor force participation rate fell during the pandemic. This would shift the LRAS curve right shift the SRAS curve up/left shift the SRAS curve down/right shift the LRAS curve left As prices rise while wages are sticky, firms' profit per unit rises. This is an explanation for why rising prices shift SRAS curve to the left the SRAS curve is upward sloping the AD curve is downward sloping rising prices shift SRAS curve to the right When the economy is at a short-run equilibrium above full employment, what is happening in the labor market? unemployment is high and there will be downward pressure on wages unemployment is low and there will be downward pressure on wages unemployment is high and there will be upward pressure on wages unemployment is low and there will be upward pressure on wages