Kyle Boulard, a 35 year-old male, is believed to be one of the primary causes of the accident on Route 91. Passengers on the bus reported that Mr Boulard was clearly intoxicated when he boarded the bus. According to these reports, Mr. Boulard behaved erratically, appeared disoriented, and left his seat and staggered down the aisle. Just prior to the accident, he stumbled into the driver's compartment. Paramedics found Mr. Boulard in a disoriented state when they arrived on the scene, but noted only minor injuries. A "fruity acetone combined with alcohol" smell was noted on his breath. What follows is a summary of the notable test results. General Blood Urine BP: 95/58 pH: 7.1 Odor: "fruity acetone" HR: 110 bpm Glucose: 345 mg/dl pH: 4.3 Ketone bodies: 22 mg/dl Glucose: Strongly positive Blood alcohol: 110 mg/dl 1. Look up the normal values for the each of the test results (see below) and identify whether each test result is normal or abnormal. 2. Which substance is producing the "fruity acetone" smell in Mr. Bouchard's urine? 3. Why is his body producing ketones in the presence of such large amounts of glucose?
Kyle Boulard, a 35 year-old male, is believed to be one of the primary causes of the accident on Route 91. Passengers on the bus reported that Mr Boulard was clearly intoxicated when he boarded the bus. According to these reports, Mr. Boulard behaved erratically, appeared disoriented, and left his seat and staggered down the aisle. Just prior to the accident, he stumbled into the driver's compartment. Paramedics found Mr. Boulard in a disoriented state when they arrived on the scene, but noted only minor injuries. A "fruity acetone combined with alcohol" smell was noted on his breath. What follows is a summary of the notable test results.
| General | Blood | Urine |
| BP: 95/58 | pH: 7.1 | Odor: "fruity acetone" |
| HR: 110 bpm | Glucose: 345 mg/dl | pH: 4.3 |
| Ketone bodies: 22 mg/dl | Glucose: Strongly positive | |
| Blood alcohol: 110 mg/dl |
1. Look up the normal values for the each of the test results (see below) and identify whether each test result is normal or abnormal.
2. Which substance is producing the "fruity acetone" smell in Mr. Bouchard's urine?
3. Why is his body producing
4. Explain how the pH of Mr. Bouchard's blood and urine is related to the ketone bodies measured in each of these fluids.
5. Provide a possible "alternative" explanation for Mr. Bouchard's erratic behavior and high blood alcohol concentration. Think outside the box.
6. What
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| General | Blood | Urine |
| BP: 95/58 | pH: 7.1 | Odor: "fruity acetone" |
| HR: 110 bpm | Glucose: 345 mg/dl | pH: 4.3 |
| Glucose: Strongly positive | ||
| Blood alcohol: 110 mg/dl |
4. Explain how the pH of Mr. Bouchard's blood and urine is related to the ketone bodies measured in each of these fluids.
5. Provide a possible "alternative" explanation for Mr. Bouchard's erratic behavior and high blood alcohol concentration. Think outside the box.
6. What
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