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- 1.10 A heat flux meter at the outer (cold) wall of a concrete building indicates that the heat loss through a wall of 10-cm thickness is . If a thermocouple at the inner surface of the wall indicates a temperature of 22°C while another at the outer surface shows 6°C, calculate the thermal conductivity of the concrete and compare your result with the value in Appendix 2, Table 11.1.1 On a cold winter day, the outer surface of a 0.2-m-thick concrete wall of a warehouse is exposed to temperature of –5°C, while the inner surface is kept at 20°C. The thermal conductivity of the concrete is 1.2 W/m K. Determine the heat loss through the wall, which is 10-m long and 3-m high. Problem 1.11.37 Mild steel nails were driven through a solid wood wall consisting of two layers, each 2.5-cm thick, for reinforcement. If the total cross-sectional area of the nails is 0.5% of the wall area, determine the unit thermal conductance of the composite wall and the percent of the total heat flow that passes through the nails when the temperature difference across the wall is 25°C. Neglect contact resistance between the wood layers.
- As a designer working for a major electric appliance manufacturer, you are required to estimate the amount of fiberglass insulation packing (k = 0.035 W/m K) that is needed for a kitchen oven shown in the figure below. The fiberglass layer is to be sandwiched between a 2-mm-thick aluminum cladding plate on the outside and a 5-mm-thick stainless steel plate on the inside that forms the core of the oven. The insulation thickness is such that the outside cladding temperature does not exceed 40C when the temperature at the inside surface of the oven is 300C. Also, the air temperature in the kitchen varies from 15Cto33C, and the average heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the oven and air is estimated to be 12.0W/m2K. Determine the thickness of the fiberglass insulation that is required for these conditions. What would be the outer surface temperature when the inside surface of the oven is at 475C?A representative cross-section of a 31.5-cm-thick wall is shown in the left figure below (not drawn to scale). The thermal conductivities of the materials used are shown on the right figure below. The left and right surfaces of the wall are maintained at uniform temperatures of 250°C and 41°C, respectively. Assuming that the heat transfer through the wall is one-directional, and that the representative height of layer C is 25.5 cm, determine (a) the thermal resistances for each section (A to G), (b) the temperature at the point where the sections ABCD meet, (c) the heat transfer rate per unit length across the wall, in kW/m (d) the temperature (in °C) where HI meet, (e) the temperature drop т across section CD, and (f) the total heat transferred (in kW) for a 7m-high and 5m-long wall. A a b C d e E dimension 2.0 4.0 5.5 9.0 11.0 (in cm) f i 3.0 3.0 6.0 2.5 12.0 В F A В C E H value of k 3.0 7.5 23.0 2.0 3.0 (in W/m-C) G H I i 14.0 2.0 7.0 20.0 a d. eThe compartment below is used as a freezer of refrigerator compartment. Inner wall is at -8 C and outer wall is at 27 C. Insulator is used to prevent the heat losses from the compartment. The shape is in square form with a side of 1.1 m and unit width into the page. Determine the conductivity of the insulator if the compartment heat load is 250 W? Take the thickness of the insulator as 1.5 cm* *inner wall outer wall insulating material 0.045 W/(mk) 0.035 W/(mK) 0.097 W/(mk) none 0.024 W/(mK)
- 20-m pipe has an outside diameter of 50 mm. Pipe is insulated with a layer of asbestos, then followed by a layer of cork. Inside and outside diameter of the cork is 77 mm and 80 mm, respectively. If the temperature drop from pipe to cork is 1165°C, calculate the inside diameter of the pipe (mm). The rate of the heat transfer is 8778 W. The thermal conductivity of steam pipe, asbestos and cork are 0.045 kW/m-K, 0.058 W/m-K and 0.043 W/m-K respectively.Parts d though f please: Consider a multi-layered walls of a storage building (no windows) that is made of three layers as shown in the figure. The inside layer is a gypsum material that is 1.0 cm thick and has a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W/m.K. We then have a dense brick layer that is 15.0 cm thick and has a thermal conductivity of k = 5 W/m.K The outside wall is made of a wood panel that is 2.0 cm thick and has a thermal conductivity of k = 1.0 W/m.K In a cold day, the outside can be at -10oC and the convective heat transfer coefficient can be hout = 25 W/m2.K due to wind. Inside air of the building is kept at 10oC and the convective heat transfer coefficient over the inside surfaces is rather low with hin = 5 W/m2.K a) Show the thermal resistance diagram with all the temperature nodes. b) What is the rate of heat loss in kW per m2 under these conditions? c) What would be the temperature of the inside surface of the wall? d) What is the temperature at the interface between the…The compartment below is used as a freezer of refrigerator compartment. Inner wall is at -15 C and outer wall is at 25 C. Insulator with a thermal conductivity of 0.035 W/(mK) is used to prevent the heat losses from the compartment. The shape is in square form with a side of 1.2 m and unit width into the page. Determine the thickness of the insulator if the compartment heat load is 700 W? * inner wall outer wall insulating material 5 cm O 9.6 mm 4.2 cm none
- A gas filled tube has 2 mm inside diameter and 25 cm length. The gas is heated by an electrical wire of diameter 50 microns (o.05 mm) located along the axis of the tube. Current and voltage drop across the heating element are 0.5A and 4 volts, respectively. If the measured wire and inside tube wall temps are 175C and 150C respectively, find the thermal conductivity of the gas filling the tube.A Multi-layer wall of a building is shown in the following figure. The thermal conductivity of A, B, C, D, and E are: 30, 5, 1.67, 10.5, 6 W/m k, respectively. Assume one dimentional heat transfer. The area of A = D = E =4 m?, and B = C= 2 m². The thickness of each layer is 10 cm. The temperature of surface A is 25 °C, and the temperature of surface E is 38 °C. Calculate the heat transfer rate through the wall. B A D E CExplain how Fourier's law of conduction (in one-dimensional cartesian system) can be applied to experimentally measure the thermal conductivity of solid materials. What are the necessary conditions and assumptions?