How does speculative execution relate to pipelining, and what are its implications in modern processor designs?
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How does speculative execution relate to pipelining, and what are its implications in modern processor designs?
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- If a microprocessor has a cycle time of 0.5 nanoseconds, what’s the processor clock rate? If the fetch cycle is 40% of the processor cycle time, what memory access speed is required to implement load operations with zero wait states and load operations with two wait states?In the context of pipelining, explain the terms "in-order execution" and "out-of-order execution." What are the trade-offs between these two approaches in modern processor design?What are the key advantages of using pipelining in CPU design?
- How do processors with hardware-based pipelining differ from those with software-based pipelining in handling instruction sequences?Explain the concept of pipelining in computer architecture. How does it differ from a traditional single-cycle processor design?How does instruction-level pipelining differ from superscalar execution? What advantages and challenges are associated with each approach?