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A physician obtains a specimen from a patient with tuberculosis. This sample has one viable bacteria, an organism with slow doubling time in vitro of 48 hours, which corresponds to the growth rate constant in vitro of 0.04 h^-1. Estimating that the biomass of a single mycobacterial organism is 2.3x10^-13 g and that this organism is immediately going to enter the log phase, how many hours will it take to produce 10^-6 grams of biomass?
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- The data below were obtained for the growth of a pure culture of Escherichia coli in nutrient broth at a temperature of 37°C. Determine (1) the specific growth rate and (2) generation time of E. coli and the duration of the (3) lag and (4) log (or exponential) phases. (ln 2 = 0.693) Time (h) 0 1 2 3 4 8 16 32 Bacterial No./mL 104.1 103.9 104.4 105.5 106.5 107.7 108.0 107.6The generation time of a bacterium was measured at two different temperatures. Which results would be expected of a thermophile?a) 20 minutes at 10°C; 220 minutes at 37°Cb) 220 minutes at 10°C; 20 minutes at 37°Cc) no growth at 10°C; 20 minutes at 37°Cd) 20 minutes at 45°C; 220 minutes at 65°Ce) 220 minutes at 37°C; 20 minutes at 65°CA culture consisting of 100 litres of nutrient medium containing 12 g l-1 of growth limiting substrate is inoculated with 10g of bacteria in a batch fermenter. The yield of biomass from substrate is 0.05 g g-1 . The maintenance coefficient is 2.0 g g-1 h -1 . The specific rate of product formation due to maintenance is 1.0 h-1 . The maximum specific growth rate of the organism is 0.3 h -1 . YPX= 7.7 and product formation is directly linked with metabolism. a) What is the time required to produce 15 g of biomass? !!!!! ANS IS 3.07 HRS!!!! STEPS on how to reach this please
- For BAP, TSA, PEA, CHOC, and MAC determine if there is growth or no growth for the following: staph, strep, E. coli, and pseudomonas, and fill in the chart below BAP TSA PEA CHOC MACStaph Strep Ecoli Psu. Also answer the following using the i formation and table above 1. Which of the above media is supportive? What organisms grow on it? 2. Which of the above media is enriched? What organisms grow on it? 3. Which of the above media is selective? What organisms grow on it? 4. Which of the above media is differetial? What organisms grow on it?In an experiment to calculate the decimal reduction time for an Escherichia coli culture, viable cells were exposed to a constant temperature of 80°C for a set amount of time. After exposure, the remaining number of surviving cells were counted. Based on Table 1, what is the decimal reduction time?Table 1. Decimal Reduction Time for E. coli Heated to 80°C Total time of exposure (minutes): Number of Microbial Cells Present: 0 100 1 80 3 50 4 42 6.5 26 13 10 21 0If a biotechnologist wishes to obtain a primary metabolite, they will harvest the organism/media during log phase. If a biotechnologist wishes to obtain a secondary metabolite, they will harvest the organism/media during stationary phase. Can you explain this distinction regarding the metabolism of the cell at these two different batch culture growth phases?
- Based on only the given information, which organism is likely most resistant to thermal sterilization? Org X, Z-value of 10.0 °C Org Y, Z-value of 2.0 °C Org Z, a mesophile Org K, a psychrotrophA medium was inoculated with 5 * 106 cells/ml of Escherichiacoli cells. Following a 1-h lag, the population grewexponentially for 5 h, after which the population was 5.4 * 109cells/ml. Calculate g and k for this growth experiment.The term psychrophile? a. refers to an organism that has an optimum growth within the range of -5 to 20oC b. refers to an organism that has an optimum growth at near neutral pHc. refers to an organism that has an optimum growth between 50 and 80oC
- Choose for the organisms below, depending on the incubation condition and media whether they will grow or not 1.Haemophilus influenzae in HBA CO2 2.Haemophilus influenzae in HBA anaerobic 3.Haemophilus influenzae in Chocolate agar CO2 4.Haemophilus influenzae in MacConkey 5.Clostridium perfringens in HBA CO2 6.Clostridium perfringens in HBA anaerobic 7.Clostridium perfringens in Chocolate agar CO2 8.Clostridium perfringens in MacConkey 9.Escherichia coli in HBA CO2 10.Escherichia coli in Chocolate agar CO2 11.Escherichia coli in MacConkey 12.Escherichia coli in HBA anaerobic.The solution containing bacterial spores is heated in an autoclave. When the autoclave has reached a constant temperature of 121 °C, there are still 106 spores/ml. The specific death constant for bacterial spores at 121 ° C is 11.62 min-1. How long should the heating be continued at a constant temperature so that there are 1 spores/ml left? Enter the answer in minutes to three decimal places.t /g = (Log Nt – Log N0) /0.301 I introduce a loopful of Escherichia coli cells (say, 1000) into 10 mL of Nutrient Broth at 8 p.m. the night before your lab. The cells were taken from a culture plate (Nutrient Agar) held at 37°C, and inoculated into broth at the same temperature. They were held at 37°C overnight in a shaking water bath. At what time would the culture reach the Stationary Phase? Recall that doubling time under optimal conditions (these are) is 20 minutes. A growing bacterial culture has 10,000 CFU/mL at noon and 10,000,000 CFU/mL at 6 p.m. What is the generation time under these conditions? What are your assumptions? At midnight you inoculate 10 mL of a culture of Enterococcus with 103 cells/mL into 990 mL of the same medium, held under the same conditions as the original culture. At what time would the culture reach 107 cells/mL? Assume exponential growth over the period. Assume that g=half an hour. Note: We worked a different variant of this problem in…