Answered: How would Dr. Eijkman test his new…

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Biology

How would Dr. Eijkman test his new hypothesis?

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter9: Gene Expression And Gene Regulation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2CS: There have been recurring cases of mad-cow disease in the United Kingdom since the mid-1990s....

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There have been recurring cases of mad-cow disease in the United Kingdom since the mid-1990s. Mad-cow disease is caused by a prion, an infectious particle that consists only of protein. In 1986, the media began reporting that cows all over England were dying from a mysterious disease. Initially, there was little interest in determining whether humans could be affected. For 10 years, the British government maintained that this unusual disease could not be transmitted to humans. However, in March 1996, the government did an about-face and announced that bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad-cow disease, can be transmitted to humans, where it is known as variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). As in cows, this disease eats away at the nervous system, destroying the brain and essentially turning it into a spongelike structure filled with holes. Victims experience dementia; confusion; loss of speech, sight, and hearing; convulsions; coma; and finally death. Prion diseases are always fatal, and there is no treatment. Precautionary measures taken in Britain to prevent this disease in humans may have begun too late. Many of the victims contracted it over a decade earlier, when the BSE epidemic began, and the incubation period is long (vCJD has an incubation period of 10 to 40 years). A recent study concluded that 1 in 2,000 people in Great Britain carry the abnormally folded protein that causes vCJD. In spite of these numbers, the death rate from vCJD remains low. It is not clear whether this means that the incubation period for the disease is much longer than previously thought, or whether they may never develop the disease. If you were traveling in Europe, would you eat beef? Give sound reasons why or why not.
In 1887 a strange nerve disease attacked the people in the Dutch East Indies. The disease was beriberi. Symptoms of the disease included weakness and loss of appetite, victims often died of heart failure. Scientists thought the disease might be caused by bacteria. They injected chickens with bacteria from the blood of patients with beriberi. The injected chickens became sick. However, so did a group of chickens that were not injected with bacteria. One of the scientists, Dr. Eijkman, designed a new experiment based on his own observations. Before the experiment, all the chickens had eaten whole-grain rice, but during the experiment, the chickens were fed polished rice. Dr. Eijkman researched this interesting case and found that polished rice lacked thiamine, a vitamin necessary for good health. State the question or problem that Dr. Eijkman investigated. What was the original hypothesis? What was the manipulated (independent) variable and the responding (dependent) variable? Write a…
In 1887 a strange nerve disease attacked the people in the Dutch East Indies. The disease was beriberi.Symptoms of the disease include weakness and loss of appetite, victims often died of heart failure.Scientists thought the disease might be caused by bacteria. They injected chickens with bacteria fromthe blood of patients with beriberi. The injected chickens became sick. However, so did a group ofchickens that were not injected with bacteria.One of the scientists, Dr. Eijkman, designed a new experiment based on his ownobservations. Before the experiment, all the chickens had eaten whole-grain rice, butduring the experiment, the chickens were fed polished rice. Dr. Eijkman researchedthis interesting case and found that polished rice lacked thiamine, a vitamin necessaryfor good health.1. State the question or problem that Dr. Eijkman investigated. 2. What was the original hypothesis? 3. What was the manipulated (independent) variable and the responding (dependent) variable? 4. Write a…
It was not until 1928 that penicillin, the first true antibiotic, was discovered by Alexander Fleming, Professor of Bacteriology at St. Mary's Hospital in London. Penicillin heralded the dawn of the antibiotic age. Before its introduction there was no effective treatment for infections such as pneumonia, gonorrhea or rheumatic fever. Hospitals were full of people with blood poisoning contracted from a cut or a scratch, and doctors could do little for them but wait and hope. 1. What is the mechanism of action of penicillin? 2. Cells treated with penicillin do not die immediately, so how this antibiotic is effective? 3. Why penicillin is most effective against Gram-positive bacteria? 4. Explain penicillin resistance mechanisms among bacteria today and the causes why they gained this resistance and making this great life-saving drug not usable anymore.
A Cure for Beriberi In 1887, a strange nerve disease attacked the people in the Dutch East Indies. The disease was beriberi. Symptoms of the disease included weakness and loss of appetite. Victims often died of heart failure. Scientists thought the disease might be caused by bacteria. They injected chickens with bacteria from the blood patients with beriberi. The injected chickens became sick. However, those groups of chickens that were not injected with bacteria also became sick.One of the scientists, Dr. Eijkman, noticed something. Before the experiment, all chickens had eaten whole grain rice, but during the experiment, the chickens were fed polished rice. Dr. Eijkman researched this interesting case. He found that polished rice lack thiamine, a vitamin necessary for good health. Questions:1. What was the observation?2. What was the hypothesis?3. How was the hypothesis tested?4. What was the result of the experiment?5. What conclusion could be drawn?6. Which of…
A fake country of Wathu has been giving a virus treatment tablet for free to poor citizens who exhibit symptoms. The tablet makes somewhat sick people feel a bit better and reduces the death rate of those who are extremely sick. Nobody sells counterfeit pills and no prescriptions are needed for the tablets. Some of the poor Wathu citizens are selling their treatment tablet to richer citizens for $400, which is what the rich citizens would have to pay to the treatment center per tablet. The marginal cost of production is $400. How would prohibiting these voluntary transfers of treatment tablets affect total surplus?
a public health physician isolated large number of phages from rivers used as a source of drinking water in western africa. They physician is very concerned that humans might become ill from drinking this water, although she knows that the phages specifically attack bacteria. why is she concerned?
B. The Strange Case of BeriBeri In 1887 a strange nerve disease attacked the people in the Dutch East Indies. The disease was BeriBeri. Symptoms of the disease included weakness and loss of appetite. Victims often died of heart failure. Scientists thought the disease might be caused by bacteria. They injected chickens with bacteria from the blood of patients with BeriBeri. The injected chickens became sick. However, so did a group of chickens that were not injected with bacteria from the blood of patients with BeriBeri. One of the scientists, Dr. Eijkman, noticed something. Before the experiment, all the chickens had eaten whole-grain rice, but during the experiment, the chickens were fed polished rice. Dr. Eijkman researched this interesting case. he found that polished rice lacked thiamine, a vitamin necessary for good health. 1. State the Problem. 2. What was the hypothesis? 3. How was the hypothesis tested? 4. Should the hypothesis be supported or rejected based on the experiment?…
B. The Strange Case of BeriBeri In 1887 a strange nerve disease attacked the people in the Dutch East Indies. The disease was BeriBeri. Symptoms of the disease included weakness and loss of appetite. Victims often died of heart failure. Scientists thought the disease might be caused by bacteria. They injected chickens with bacteria from the blood of patients with BeriBeri. The injected chickens became sick. However, so did a group of chickens that were not injected with bacteria from the blood of patients with BeriBeri. One of the scientists, Dr. Eijkman, noticed something. Before the experiment, all the chickens had eaten whole-grain rice, but during the experiment, the chickens were fed polished rice. Dr. Eijkman researched this interesting case. he found that polished rice lacked thiamine, a vitamin necessary for good health. 1. State the Problem. 2. What was the hypothesis? 3. How was the hypothesis tested? 4. Should the hypothesis be supported or rejected based on the experiment?…
You have a discussion among friends about viruses that can cause latent and chronic infections in humans. The first friend says that an example for latent infections in humans are oral and genital herpes caused by herpes simplex virus and that examples of viruses causing chronic infections are Hepatitis C and HIV. The second friend says oral and genital herpes as well as chickenpox/ shingles are chronic infections and that HIV is an example for a virus causing a latent infection. O The first person is correct O The second person is correct
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The National Institutes of Health (NIH) set up a study to determine whether large doses of vitamin C would shorten the length of time it takes to recover from a cold. Three thousand volunteers were split into two groups. For two weeks, members of Group A took 3,000 mg of vitamin C daily. Group B received 3,000 mg of a placebo. At the end of the two-week period, the researchers inserted live cold viruses directly into the noses of all the volunteers. The volunteers in both Group A and B continued to take their daily pills. All the volunteers got colds, and there was no significant difference in the length of time the colds lasted. What is the experimental group in this example? Select the best answer. Group B. Three thousand volunteers. Group A. The live cold virus. Length of time the colds lasted. The vitamin C. Size of pill (3000 mg).