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- If a cell is deficient of Shugoshin (sgol), how would this affect the chromosome dynamic during mitosis and meiosis? Explain.If a cell is deficient of Separase, how would this affect the chromosome dynamic movement during mitosis and meiosis? Explain.If a cell is deficient of Sgol, how would this affect the chromosome movement during meiosis I and II? Explain.
- If a cell is deficient of Separase, how would this affect the chromosome dynamic during mitosis and meiosis? Explain.In the absence of Separase, how would this affect the chromosomes dynamic during mitosis? Explain in detail. *What difference exists between the compaction of chromosomes during metaphase versus interphase? Give at least one reason why this difference may be necessary.
- Give at least one example of a chromosomal structureor function affected by the following mechanisms formodulating chromatin structure:a. Posttranslational changes of the normal histonesfound in the nucleosomeIn a turtle species, a diploid cell in the G1 phase of the cell cycle contains 22 picograms of DNA (picogram is a measure of the total mass of the DNA present). How much DNA is present in a cell of the same species at prophase II of meiosis (prophase of the second meiotic division)?Overall, meiosis and mitosis are analogous processes involving many of the same proteins. However, some proteins function uniquely in each of these cell-division events. Explain the meiosis-specific function of the following: (a) Ime2, (b) Rec8, (c) monopolin.
- Human somatic cells have 46 chromosomes. Are the cells different in any way from the parent cell and what is chromosome count of each of those cells once they have finished mitosis?7. Progression from metaphase to anaphase in the cell cycle, and subsequent exit from anaphase, requires sequential events involving the Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC). APC is a multi- protein complex that has ubiquitin ligase activity (see pp. 611-612 in your textbook re: ubiquitin). When APC adds adds ubiquitin to a substrate protein, the protein is targeted for degradation by the proteasome. Two important substrates of APC are the proteins securin and cyclin B. Destruction of securin allows the separation of sister chromatids at the beginning of anaphase, whereas subsequent destruction of cyclin B allows cells to exit anaphase (see Figure 24-18 in your textbook). APC Cdh-1 Cdc20- Securin Mitotic cyclins Cohesin G1 Metaphase Anaphase For APC to bind specific substrates, it requires unique adaptor proteins that help it to recognize its substrates. The adaptor protein Cdc20 allows APC to recognize and ubiquitinate securin, while the adaptor Cdh-1 allows APC to recognize and…Are the other phases of mitosis equal (or close)? Suggest a reason for any differences in the timing of mitosis phases.
