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- 1. A U.S. patent for the drug that most effectively treats HIV prevents other drug companies from producing a comparable substitute for patients. a. What is the effect of patent protection on the demand for a drug? How does the shape of the demand curve differ before and after a patent has expired? Support your explanation with a graph. b.Demand curves respond to preferences, income, and costs of substitute and complements. Discuss how these factors determine a country’s demand for HIV treatments. How might the effects of the patent protection differ across countries?How is intellectual property different from other property?media economics course Question #1: A lot of media regulation is geared towards areas such as content (protecting children) and ownership. Why are these two areas so important, and how do they differ around the globe? Question #2: What is censorship, and why do some governments openly engage in censorship involving the media industries? In what ways will this continue to play a role in media and economics? Question #3: The Internet has raised a number of legal issues since its development. One hot issue in the 21st century is that of net neutrality. What is net neutrality, and what are the two main opposing views on the topic? Where do you stand on the subject of net neutrality? Question #4: What's the role of advertising in today's media economics? What are some policies involving advertising within the media landscape, especially within economics? Question #5: Define content regulation and its role in today's media economics? In what ways will content regulation shape the media…
- 1. Suppose the local electrical company, a legal monopoly based on economies of scale, was split into four firms of equal size, with the idea that eliminating the monopoly would promote competitive pricing of electricity. What do you anticipate would happen to prices? Why? 2. Suppose a monopolist could charge a different price to every customer based on how much he or she were willing and able to pay (versus charging the same price to all their customers). How would this affect the monopolist's profits? Why?Exhibit 12.4 The Market Demand Curve for Claritin Price $8 With patent protection from the government, the demand curve that Schering-Plough faces for its sales of Claritin is the entire market. For example, if Schering-Plough chose a price of $4, then it would be able to sell 400 million units, but the demand curve shows that if it chose a price of $6 or higher, it wouldn't sell any Claritin, despite having a monopoly. 7 4 3 2 DClaritin 1 Let's assume/lestimate: What would the market 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 price and the quantity be under perfect competition? Demand: p=7-x/150 Quantity (in millions of pills) Cost = 1*x %3D And what for the Marginal Cost c'=1 monopoly?Quantity (in gallons) Total Price Revenue $8 $0 50 7 350 100 600 150 750 200 4 800 250 3 750 300 600 350 1 350 400 Imagine a small town in a remote area where only two residents, Maria and Miguel, own dairies that produce milk. Their respective dairies are equal in size. Each week Maria and Miguel work together to decide how many gallons of milk to produce and what price to charge. To keep things simple, suppose that Maria and Miguel can produce as much milk as they want without cost so that the marginal cost is zero and there are no fixed costs. The weekly town demand schedule and total revenue schedule for milk is shown in the table above. Suppose the town enacts new antitrust laws that prohibit Maria and Miguel from operating as a cartel. Assuming that each producer can only modify quantity in increments of 50, which of the following is consistent with the Nash equilibrium for this scenario? Maria will charge a price of $5 for each gallon. Miguel will sell 100 gallons. Milk will…
- The Placebo Drug Company holds a patent on one of its discoveries. Assuming that the production of the drug involves rising marginal cost, draw a diagram to illustrate Placebo’s profit-maximizing price and quantity. Also show Placebo’s profits. (10 points) Now suppose that the government imposes a tax on each bottle of the drug produced. On a new diagram, illustrate Placebo’s new price and quantity. How does each compare to your answer in part (a)? (10 points) Although it might not be easy to see in your diagrams, the tax reduces Placebo’s profit. Explain why this must be true. (5 points) Instead of the tax per bottle, suppose that the government imposes a tax on Placebo of £110,000 regardless of how many bottles are produced. How does this tax affect Placebo’s price, quantity and profits? Explain. (Hint: Additional unit produced won’t affect the tax amount). (10 points)(b) Using a diagram to help your explanation, illustrate and explain the point at which a monopolist would maximise profits, assuming that the firm faces first increasing marginal returns and then diminishing marginal returns. Explain some of the different factors that would affect a firm's profitability and what might make a firm's profits particularly volatile.29. Imagine that you are managing a small firm and thinking about entering the market of a monopolist. The monopolist is currently charging a high price, and you have calculated that you can make a nice profit charging 10% less than the monopolist. Before you go ahead and challenge the monopolist, what possibility should you consider for how the monopolist might react?
- (Figure: Pay Per View Movies on Xfinity Cable) Use Figure: Pay Per View Movies on Xfinity Cable. The figure shows the demand and marginal revenue curves for on-demand movie rentals on Xfinity. Assume that marginal cost and average cost are constant at $20. If the cable company is a monopoly, how much producer surplus is there when the monopolist maximizes profit? Price, Costs, Marginal Revenue $100 90 80 70 60 50 Rron O $180 O $90 O $O O $20 40 30 20 10 0 MR D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Quantity (Thousands of subscriptions)6. Why might a monopolist advertise heavily for its product even though it isn't competing with any firm for market share?Questions: 1A) If MU Café, which is a monopolistically competitive firm, is making a positive profit in the short run, why might this profit become zero in the long run? 1B) If MU Café wants to keep the profit positive in the long run, what can it do? Provide ONE suggestion and briefly explain. 1C) What externality problem do you expect in the market for plastic bags? How does the government correct the inefficiency of the market? Explain in detail and diagram.