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- The phylogenetic tree for 12 cat species (Felidae) reproduced at right was assembled from molecular sequence data. Which species is the domestic cats closest relative? Which clade is the sister taxon to tigers? Are bobcats more closely related to cougars or to ocelots? Source: From Warren E. Johnson et al. 2006. The late Miocene radiation of modern Felidae: A genetic assessment. Science 311:7377.What is convergent evolution? Use evidence from the trees to explain how the Anolis lizards are an example of this concept.Hagfish Salamander Lizard Perch Mouse Chimp Pigeon Feathers Fur; mammary glands Claws or nails ungs Jaws Fig. 1. Cladogram on some vertebrates Related questions: 1. What is the synapomorhpy shared by the mouse and chimpanzee? Answer: 2. Specify the apomorphy of the pigeon. Answer: 3. Jaw is present to what taxa? Answer:
- Figure 26.12b Lancelet (outgroup) Lamprey Bass Vertebral column Frog Hinged jaws Turtle Four limbs Amnion Leopard Hair (b) Phylogenetic tree 0 2017 Pearnen toaton, . In the tree above, which is a derived trait between frogs and bass but is a shared ancestral trait among frogs and leopards? a) Hinged jaws b) Four limbs c) Amnion (egg) d) Hair e) All of the aboveWhat is a vestigial structure? * A feature inherited from ancestors that has lots its original function A feature that we have in common with other species A feature that shows what our descendants will look like A type of bone found in snakes -> Cc esc %23 21 3. 6. tab n mC. Phylogenetic tree Interpretation. Salamander Lizard - Perch Hagfish Mouse Chimp Pigeon, Feathers Fur; mammary glands Claws or nails Lungs Jaws 1. Which organisms in the cladogram in figure 1 have fur and mammary glands? 2. Which organisms in the cladogram in figure 1 have jaws? 3. Based on the cladogram, which shared a common ancestor most recently----a mouse and a lizard or a mouse and a perch? 4. Which two organisms would you expect to have a closer matching DNA sequence for a gene that doesn't matter in terms of natural selection?--Hagfish and Pigeon or Hagfish and Salamander?
- What is a vestigial structure? * A feature inherited from ancestors that has lots its original function A feature that we have in common with other species A feature that shows what our descendants will look like A type of bone found in snakes & %23 %24 6. 3. 4 y b nEvolution of Whales This is an example of how microevolutionary changes eventually result in the formation of a by macroevolution. 1. How many species are in the diagram? 2. What living animal are whales most closely related to? 3. What happened to whales' closest cousins? Outgroup Masonychia Perissodactyla Gujaratia pakistanensis Wasatchian Diacodexts Homacodon Tylopoda Sulformes Ruminantia Anthracotheres Cebochoerus Hippopotamids Khirtharia Indohyus Cetacea Distantly Related Mammal Extinct Ancestor Group Rhinos, Horses, Tapirs Pigs Cows/Sheep Hippos Extinct Artiodactyl Extinct Whale "Cousin" Modern WhalesWhen constructing this phylogenetic tree, several different options were possible. The tree with the least number of evolutionary changes is the one that was chosen as most probable. What is this called? * gizzard see UV light pubdermal fat stores amnlotic ogg 4 limbs lungs O Least parsimony O Modern synthesis O Temporal equilibrium O Maximum parsimony lungfish
- A. How did Charles Darwin explain his observations? 1. Species of tortoise and finch varies from island-to-island? 2. Fossil of different animals have similarities. 3. There are fossil of extinct animals.Evolution in Humans: 1) describe several techniques that paleontologists today use to establish fossil age 2) describe how tracking changes in DNA sequence among related organisms can be used to create a migration mapAdaptations B Fossils Ancestral structures Homologous structures 2. The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more lik to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species is called Natural selection Evolution C Competition Over production 3. Which of the following is the best example of an adaptation that helps organisms surviv their environment? A green coloring in lizards living on gray rocks B. a thick coat of fur on animals that live in the desert an extensive root system in desert plants