It is possible for a client to create a sequence of IP fragments with mis-aligned offsets. true or false? The target of ARP spoofing attacks is the switch of the subnet in which the attacker stays. true or false?
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It is possible for a client to create a sequence of IP fragments with mis-aligned offsets.
true or false?
The target of ARP spoofing attacks is the switch of the subnet in which the attacker stays.
true or false?
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- ARP spoofing attacks are more effective for UDP packets rather than TCP packets since TCP establishes reliable communication channels. true or false?ARP spoofing attacks are more effective for UDP packets rather than TCP packets since TCP establishes reliable communication channels. True False To launch IP Spoofing attacks, an attacker has to use TCP or UDP to make sure the packets are processed properly by routers. true or false?In order to implement a DNS amplification attack, the attacker must trigger the creation of a sufficiently large volume of DNS response packets from the intermediary to exceed the capacity of the link to the target organization. Consider an attack where the DNS response packets are 500 bytes in size (ignoring framing overhead). a. How many of these packets per second must the attacker trigger to flood a target organization using a 30-Mbps link? A 100-Mbps link? Or a 1-Gbps link? b. If the DNS request packet to the intermediary is 60 bytes in size, how much bandwidth does the attacker consume to send the necessary rate of DNS request packets for each of these three cases?
- In IPsec, each incoming and outgoing packet will be checked with the Security Policy Database (SPD) and the Security Association Database (SAD). (a) What is the checking done with the SPD: (b) What is the checking done with the SAD? (c) Each security association stored in SAD is identified by an integer. What is this integer called?The target of ARP spoofing attacks is the switch of the subnet in which the attacker stays. true or false?In this question, you will help Mallory develop new ways to conduct denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. (1) CHARGEN and ECHO are services provided by some UNIX servers. For every UDP packet arriving at port 19, CHARGEN sends back a packet with 0 to 512 random characters. For every UDP packet arriving at port 7, ECHO sends back a packet with the same content. Mallory wants to perform a DoS attack on two servers. One with IP address M supports CHARGEN, and another with IP address N supports ECHO. Mallory can spoof IP addresses. Is it possible to create a single UDP packet with no content which will cause both servers to consume a large amount of bandwidth? If yes, describe the header (i.e., source IP, destination IP, source port, and destination port) of your UDP package; otherwise, explain why? Assume now that CHARGEN and ECHO are now modified to only respond to TCP packets (post-handshake) and not UDP. Is it possible to create a single TCP SYN packet with no content which will cause…
- Using a TCP SYN spoofing attack, the attacker aims to flood the table of TCP connection requests on a system so that it is unable to respond to legitimate connection requests. Consider a server system with a table for 256 connection requests. This system will retry sending the SYN-ACK packet five times when it fails to receive an ACK packet in response, at 30 second intervals, before purging the request from its table. Assume that no additional countermeasures are used against this attack and that the attacker has filled this table with an initial flood of connection requests. a. At what rate must the attacker continue to send TCP connection requests to this system in order to ensure that the table remains full? b. Assuming that the TCP SYN packet is 40 bytes in size (ignoring framing overhead), how much bandwidth does the attacker consume to continue this attack?The secure socket layer (SSL) protocol allows for secure communication between a client and a server. There are known flaws in the SSLv2 protocol. A man-in-the-middle attacker can force the communication to a less secure level and then attempt break the encryption. The attacker can also truncate encrypted messages. These flaws have been fixed in SSLv3 (TLSv1). Most servers and clients support both SSLv2 and SSLv3. However, SSLv2 is enabled by default for backward compatibility. Answer the following questions, a) Find out the impact in the above statement. b) What is the solution? c) Do you think SSLv3 is more secure? Justify your answer.if initial values of the sequence number used by both TCP SYN and SYC/ACK packets are always constant values(e.g., both are 0) it will make the TCP session vulnerable to TCP session hijacking attacks. true or false?
- A vulnerability of TCP is that many TCP SYN segments can be sent from many different remote addresses. These addresses can be spoofed---that is, IP datagrams containing TCP SYN segments can be sent with a fake IP address in the header. What problem does this cause in the server? а. Every TCP SYN segment requires the operating system to reserve resources like buffer space in memory related to a connection that is never going to be completed. Eventually the resources will become oversubscribed, and depleted, so no other clients can establish a connection with the server, effectively creating a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. O b. The SYN segments will have the wrong port number in the header, so the TCP segment will get delivered to the wrong process. с. The server doesn't know what IP address to send a SYN/ACK packet to so the connection can be established.Suppose an SSL session employs a block cipher with CBC. True or False The server sends to the client the IV in the clear?In this problem we investigate whether either UDP or TCP provides a degree of end-point authentication. a. Consider a server that receives a request within a UDP packet and responds to that request within a UDP packet (for example, as done by a DNS server). If a client with IP address X spoofs its address with address Y, where will the server send its response? b. Suppose a server receives a SYN with IP source address Y, and after responding with a SYNACK, receives an ACK with IP source address Y with the correct acknowledgment number. Assuming the server chooses a random initial sequence number and there is no "man-in-the-middle," can the server be certain that the client is indeed at Y (and not at some other address X that is spoofing Y)?