Krypton Engineering expects to have net profit next year of $28.18 million and free cash flow of $22.18 million. Krypton's marginal corporate tax rate is 40%. a. If Krypton increases leverage so that its interest expense rises by $8.1 million, how will its net profit change? b. For the same increase in interest expense, how will free cash flow change?
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Risk and return
Before understanding the concept of Risk and Return in Financial Management, understanding the two-concept Risk and return individually is necessary.
Capital Asset Pricing Model
Capital asset pricing model, also known as CAPM, shows the relationship between the expected return of the investment and the market at risk. This concept is basically used particularly in the case of stocks or shares. It is also used across finance for pricing assets that have higher risk identity and for evaluating the expected returns for the assets given the risk of those assets and also the cost of capital.
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- Happy Time Inc. is expected to generate the following cash flows for the next year, as shown in the table below. Happy Time now only has one outstanding debt with a face value of $110 million to be repaid in the next year. The current market value for the debt is $67 million. The tax rate is zero. If you invest in the corporate debt of Happy Time Inc. today, what is your expected percentage return on this investment? Cash flow in the next year Economy Probability Amount Boom 0.3 Normal 0.4 Recession 0.3 O 36.87% O -26.37% 64.8% O-16.63% $110 million $101 million $61 millionGrommit Engineering expects to have net income next year of $24.36 million and free cash flow of $22.17 million. Grommit's marginal corporate tax rate is 35%. a. If Grommit increases leverage so that its interest expense rises by $6.7 million, how will net income change? b. For the same increase in interest expense, how will free cash flow change? a. If Grommit increases leverage so that its interest expense rises by $6.7 million, how will net income change? Net income will fall to $ 4.36 million. (Round to two decimal places.) b. For the same increase in interest expense, how will free cash flow change? (Select the best choice below.) A. Free cash flow increases by the amount of the interest expense. B. Free cash flow decreases by the amount of the interest expense. C. Free cash flow is not affected by interest expense. D. None of the above.Milton Industries expects free cash flows of $19 million each year. Milton's corporate tax rate is 22 %, and its unlevered cost of capital is 13%. Milton also has outstanding debt of $73.37 million, and expects to maintain this level of debt permanently. a. What is the value of Miton Industries without leverage? b. What is the value of Milton Industries with leverage? Cam a. What is the value of Milton Industries without leverage? The value of Milton Industries without leverage is 5 million (Round to two decimal places.) b. What is the value of Milton Industries with leverage? The value of Milton Industries with leverage is $million. (Round to two decimal places)
- Happy Time Inc. is expected to generate the following cash flows for the next year, as shown in the table below. Happy Time now only has one outstanding debt with a face value of $110 million to be repaid in the next year. The current market value for the debt is $67 million. The tax rate is zero. If the firm is financed by common equity and debt, what is the expected value of common equity next year? Cash flow in the next year Probability Amount Economy Boom 0.3 $110 million Normal 0.4 $101 million Recession 0.3 $61 million $26.8 million $24.7 million $0 -$18.3 millionMilton Industries expects free cash flows of $4 million each year. Milton's corporate tax rate is 30%, and its unlevered cost of capital is 12%. Milton also has outstanding debt of $24.27 million, and it expects to maintain this level of debt permanently. a. What is the value of Milton Industries without leverage? b. What is the value of Milton Industries with leverage? a. What is the value of Milton Industries without leverage? The value of Milton Industries without leverage is $ million. (Round to two decimal places.) b. What is the value of Milton Industries with leverage? The value of Milton Industries with leverage is $ million. (Round to two decimal places.)Suppose a firm’s tax rate is 25%. 1. What effect would a $9.26 million operating expense have on this year's earnings? What effect would it have on next year's earnings? (Select all the choices thatapply.) A. A $9.26 million operating expense would be immediately expensed, increasing operating expenses by $9.26 million. This would lead to a reduction in taxes of 25%×$9.26 million=$2.32 million. B. A $9.26 million operating expense would be immediately expensed, increasing operating expenses by $9.26 million. This would lead to an increase in taxes of 25%×$9.26 million =$2.32 million. C. Earnings would decline by $9.26 million−$2.32 million=$6.94 million. The same effect would be seen on next year's earnings. D. Earnings would decline by $9.26 million−$2.32 million=$6.94 million. There would be no effect on next year's earnings. 2. What effect would a $11.75 million capital expense have on this year's earnings if the capital expenditure is depreciated at a rate of $2.35 million…
- Suppose a firm's tax rate is 25%. 1. What effect would a $10.92 million operating expense have on this year's earnings? What effect would it have on next year's earnings? (Select all the choices that apply.) A. $10.92 million operating expense would be immediately expensed, increasing operating expenses by $10.92 million. This would lead to a reduction in taxes of 25%×$10.92 million=$2.73 million. B. A $10.92 million operating expense would be immediately expensed, increasing operating expenses by $10.92 million. This would lead to an increase in taxes of 25%×$10.92 million=$2.73 million C. Earnings would decline by $10.92 million−$2.73 million=$8.19 million. There would be no effect on next year's earnings. D. Earnings would decline by $10.92 million−$2.73 million=$8.19 million. The same effect would be seen on next year's earnings 2. What effect would a $10.25 million capital expense have on this year's earnings if the capital expenditure is depreciated at a rate of $2.05…Q. Western Lumber Company expects to have free cash flow in the coming year of $4.25mand is expected to grow at 4% per year thereafter. The company has an equity cost of10% and a debt cost of 6% and pays corporate tax at 30%. If the company maintains adebt-to-equity ratio of 0.50, what is the value of the interest tax shield? Please answer by providing step by step solution and explaining the whole processMarpor Industries has no debt and expects to generate free cash flows of $16.82 million each year. Marpor believes that if it permanently increases its level of debt to $35.60 million, the risk of financial distress may cause it to lose some customers and receive less favourable terms from its suppliers. As a result, Marpor's expected free cash flows with debt will be only $15.32 million per year. Suppose Marpor's tax rate is 25%, the risk-free rate is 6%, the expected return of the market is 12%, and the beta of Marpor's free cash flows is 1.10 (with or without leverage). a. Estimate Marpor's value without leverage. b. Estimate Marpor's value with the new leverage.
- An A firm has sales of $10 million, variable costs of $4 million, fixed expenses of $1.5 million, interest costs of $2 million, and a 30 percent average tax rate. Compute its DOL, DFL, and DCL. What will be the expected level of EBIT and net income if next year's sales rise 10 percent? What will be the expected level of EBIT and net income if next year's sales fall 20 percent?Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion Consider two firms, Alpha, Inc. and Omega Corporation. Both corporations will either make $20 million or lose $10 million every year with equal probability. The firms' profits are perfectly positively correlated. That is, any year Alpha, Inc. earns $20 million, Omega Corporation also makes $20 million, and the same is true of a losing year. Assume that the corporate tax rate is 34%. What are the total expected after-tax profits of both firms when they are two separate firms?An A firm has sales of $10 million, variable costs of $4 million, fixed expenses of $1.5 million, interest costs of $2 million, and a 30 percent average tax rate. a) Compute its DOL, DFL, and DCL. b) What will be the expected level of EBIT and net income if next year's sales rise 10 percent? c) What will be the expected level of EBIT and net income if next year's sales fall 20 percent?