Let n N with n > 2 and let G₁ = (V, E) be the graph with vertex set V = {V₁, V₂,..., U2n} and edge set E = {{vi, vi+1} : 1
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What about in the general case Gn when there is a graph with 2n vertices?
- The minimum vertex cover problem is stated as follows: Given an undirected graph G = (V, E) with N vertices and M edges. Find a minimal size subset of vertices X from V such that every edge (u, v) in E is incident on at least one vertex in X. In other words you want to find a minimal subset of vertices that together touch all the edges. For example, the set of vertices X = {a,c} constitutes a minimum vertex cover for the following graph: a---b---c---g d e Formulate the minimum vertex cover problem as a Genetic Algorithm or another form of evolutionary optimization. You may use binary representation, OR any repre- sentation that you think is more appropriate. you should specify: • A fitness function. Give 3 examples of individuals and their fitness values if you are solving the above example. • A set of mutation and/or crossover and/or repair operators. Intelligent operators that are suitable for this particular domain will earn more credit. • A termination criterion for the…1.6 If G is a simple graph of with number of vertices n > 0, show that deg(v) id(v) = od(v) = q. VEV VEVBe G=(V, E)a connected graph and u, vEV. The distance Come in u and v, denoted by d(u, v), is the length of the shortest path between u'and v, Meanwhile he width from G, denoted as A(G), is the greatest distance between two of its vertices. a) Show that if A(G) 24 then A(G) <2. b) Show that if G has a cut vertex and A(G) = 2, then Ġhas a vertex with no neighbors.
- Construct all regular graphs that exist for the vertex set V = {1, 2, 3, 4}. For example, G = (V,E0) where E0 = {} is one possible graphLet G be a graph. We say that a set of vertices C form a vertex cover if every edge of G is incident to at least one vertex in C. We say that a set of vertices I form an independent set if no edge in G connects two vertices from I. For example, if G is the graph above, C = [b, d, e, f, g, h, j] is a vertex cover since each of the 20 edges in the graph has at least one endpoint in C, and I = = [a, c, i, k] is an independent set because none of these edges appear in the graph: ac, ai, ak, ci, ck, ik. 2a In the example above, notice that each vertex belongs to the vertex cover C or the independent set I. Do you think that this is a coincidence? 2b In the above graph, clearly explain why the maximum size of an independent set is 5. In other words, carefully explain why there does not exist an independent set with 6 or more vertices.To help jog your memory, here are some definitions: Vertex Cover: given an undirected unweighted graph G = (V, E), a vertex cover Cy of G is a subset of vertices such that for every edge e = (u, v) = E, at least one of u or v must be in the vertex cover Cy. Set Cover: given a universe of elements U and a collection of sets S = {S₁, ..., Sm}, a set cover is any (sub)collection C's whose union equals U. In the minimum vertex cover problem, we are given an undirected unweighted graph G = (V, E), and are asked to find the smallest vertex cover. For example, in the following graph, {A, E, C, D} is a vertex cover, but not a minimum vertex cover. The minimum vertex covers are {B, E, C} and {A, E, C}. A B E с F D Then, recall in the minimum set cover problem, we are given a set U and a collection S = {S₁, ..., Sm} of subsets of U, and are asked to find the smallest set cover. For example, given U := {a, b, c, d}, S₁ := {a, b,c}, S₂ = = {b,c}, and S3 := {c, d), a solution to the problem is C's…
- 5. Fleury's algorithm is an optimisation solution for finding a Euler Circuit of Euler Path in a graph, if they exist. Describe how this algorithm will always find a path or circuit if it exists. Describe how you calculate if the graph is connected at each edge removal. Fleury's Algorithm: The algorithm starts at a vertex of v odd degree, or, if the graph has none, it starts with an arbitrarily chosen vertex. At each step it chooses the next edge in the path to be one whose deletion would not disconnect the graph, unless there is no such edge, in which case it picks the remaining edge (a bridge) left at the current vertex. It then moves to the other endpoint of that edge and adds the edge to the path or circuit. At the end of the algorithm there are no edges left ( or all your bridges are burnt). (NOTE: Please elaborate on the answer and explain. Please do not copy-paste the answer from the internet or from Chegg.)Let V= {cities of Metro Manila} and E = {(x; y) | x and y are adjacent cities in Metro Manila.} (a) Draw the graph G defined by G = (V; E). You may use initials to name a vertex representing a city. (b) Apply the Four-Color Theorem to determine the chromatic number of the vertex coloring for G.Let G = (V, E) be a directed graph, and let wv be the weight of vertex v for every v ∈ V . We say that a directed edgee = (u, v) is d-covered by a multi-set (a set that can contain elements more than one time) of vertices S if either u isin S at least once, or v is in S at least twice. The weight of a multi-set of vertices S is the sum of the weights of thevertices (where vertices that appear more than once, appear in the sum more than once).1. Write an IP that finds the multi-set S that d-cover all edges, and minimizes the weight.2. Write an LP that relaxes the IP.3. Describe a rounding scheme that guarantees a 2-approximation to the best multi-set
- Given an undirected graph G = <V,E>, a vertex cover is a subset of vertices S V such that for each edge (u,v) belongs to E, either u S or v S or both. The Vertex Cover Problem is to find minimum size of the set S. Consider the following algorithm to Vertex Cover Problem: (1) Initialize the result as {} (2) Consider a set of all edges in given graph. Let the set be E’. (3) Do following while E’ is not empty ...a) Pick an arbitrary edge (u,v) from set E’ and add u and v to result ...b) Remove all edges from E which are either incident on u or v. (4) Return result. It claim that this algorithm is exact for undirected connected graphs. Is this claim True or False? Justify the answer.Let n be an even positive integer. (a) Show that if the degree of every vertex in a simple graph G on n vertices is at least (i.e., greater than or equal to) n/2, then G must be connected. (b) Give an example of a disconnected simple graph on n vertices in which every vertex has degree (n/2) – 1.For any connected graph G of order 55, if x is a vertex of G, then the number of components of G-x must be 5 <2 4 None of the other choices 6. 8 3 7