Please explain each step Consider the following thermodynamic cycle for an ideal gas: From A to B the gas is compressedadiabatically. From B to C heat Qh is added to the gas and the gas is kept at constant volume.From C to D the gas expands adiabatically. From D to A the gas ejects heat Q₁ to the environmentand is kept at constant volume.(1) Draw the PV-diagram associated to this cycle.(2) Show that the efficiency of an engine running this cycle is given by e = 1 -(3) Calculate the efficiency for a compression ratio VA/VB = 8 assuming a diatomic gas. [Hint: fora diatomic gas Cv = (5/2)R.]

Process A to B is adiabatically compressed.Process B to C is constant volume heat addition.Process C…

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Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

ChapterMA: Math Assessment

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1MA

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The working gas of a thermodynamic cycle is a diatomic gas (assume constant specific heats.) The gas originally starts at 100kPa, 3m3 and 27o C. It undergoes a four-step process --- • Process A-B: The gas is compressed at constant temperature to one-third of its original volume. • Process B-C: The volume of the gas is then doubled at constant pressure. • Process C-D: The gas then undergoes an adiabatic expansion. • Process D-A: The gas then undergoes a constant volume process back to its original state a) Make a table of the temperature, pressure, volume, internal energy, enthalpy, entropy and quality factor (T, P, V, U, H, S & x) at the start of each process. b) Make a table of the change in internal energy, heat flow, work done, change in enthalpy, and change in entropy (U, Q, W, H, S) during each leg of the cycle. c) Draw a welllabelled P-v diagram (indicating lines of constant temperature.) d) Calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle
2 kg of Refrigerant-134a contained in a piston-cylinder device undergoes a reversed Carnot cycle. Some important information about the cycle is: ● At the beginning of the adiabatic compression (State 1), the refrigerant is a saturated vapor. ● The adiabatic compression ends when the temperature of the refrigerant is 30 degrees C● The refrigerant is 50% vapor by mass at the end of the isothermal heat rejection process. ● The adiabatic expansion process ends when the pressure of the refrigerant is 132.82kPaConsulting example 7-6 in your text might be helpful in understanding some aspects of this problem. a) Represent this cycle on a T-S diagram. On your diagram, clearly indicate the values of the specific entropy and temperature at every state. b) Explain (briefly) why the process curves take the shapes you indicated on your T-S diagram in part a.
The working gas of a thermodynamic cycle is a diatomic gas (assume constant specific heats.) The gas originally starts at 100kPa, 4m ³ and 27° C. It undergoes a four-step process --- • Process A-B: The gas is compressed at constant temperature to one-quarter of its original volume. • Process B-C: The volume of the gas is then doubled at constant pressure. • Process C-D: The gas then undergoes an adiabatic expansion. • Process D-A: The gas then undergoes a constant volume process back to its original state a) Make a table of the temperature, pressure, volume, internal energy, enthalpy, entropy and quality factor (T, P, V, U, H & S) at the start of each process. b) Make a table of the change in internal energy, heat flow, work done, change in enthalpy, and change in entropy (AU, Q, W, AH & AS) during each leg of the cycle. c) Draw well-labelled P-V & T-S diagrams (indicating lines of constant temperature, heat flow, work, etc.) d) Calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle.
THERMOFLUIDS Consider a gas undergoing a thermodynamic cycle consisting of three processes from an initial state at P1 = 100 kPa , V1 = 0.81 m3.Process 1 - 2 : constant pressure compression work of 65 kJ,Process 2 – 3 : constant volume heating of 2600 kJ, andProcess 3 – 1 : isothermal expansion. b) Determine the:i. volume at the end of constant pressure compression, ii. net work for the thermodynamic cycle, and iii. heat transfer during constant pressure compression.
Qualitatively sketch and annotate the Stirling cycle on the following thermodynamicdiagrams. Be sure to indicate where the various steps (A, B, C, D) are taking place on the diagram.
Air (Rair = 0.287 ) as an ideal gas flows through the turbine and heat exchanger arrangement kg-K, shown below. Steady-state data are given on the figure. Stray heat transfer and kinetic and potential energy effects can be ignored. Sketch a T - s diagram of processes 1-4 and determine: (a) The entropy production of turbine 1 [3.2 kW /K] (b) The isentropic efficiency of turbine 1 [75%] (c) The exit temperature of turbine 2 if its isentropic efficiency is nr, = 0.85 [960 K] (d) The entropy production within the intermediate heat exchanger [3.2 kW/K] W1 = 10,000 kW Wn= ? Turbine Turbine P3= 4.5 bar T3 = ? T = 1100 K P2=5 bar P4 = 1 bar Air wwww www 2 4 T = 1400 K Pi = 20 bar Ts = 1480 K 5 Ps = 1.35 bar ms = 1200 kg/min Heat exchanger V T = 1200 K P6 =1 bar %3D Air in
In a heat engine, 2.60 mol of a monatomic ideal gas, initially at 4.00 atm of pressure, undergoes an isothermal expansion, increasing its volume by a factor of 9.50 at a constant temperature of 652.0 K. The gas is then compressed at a constant pressure to its original volume. Finally, the pressure is increased at constant volume back to the original pressure. What is the heat flow into or out of the gas during process 3? in kJ
An ideal gas within a piston-cylinder assembly executes a Carnot power cycle. The isothermalcompression occurs at 300K from 90 kPa to 120 kPa. If the thermal efficiency is 30%, determine: The temperature of the isothermal expansion in K and, The net work developed in kJ per kmol of gas and the p-v diagram.
A frictionless piston-cylinder device contains a liquid-vapor mixture of water at the temperature of 400K. During an internally reversible isobaric process, 800kJ heat is transferred out from the water, and part of the vapor condenses. The entropy change AS of water inside the piston-cylinder is_ O A. greater than 2.0 kJ/K OB. 0 O C. 2.0 kJ/K O D.-2.0 kJ/K
An ideal gas with R=0.062 BTU/lbm-R and Cv=0.158 BTU/lbm-R undergoes a three-cycle in a closed system. From the initial state of 20 psia and 570 R, the gas is compressed at a constant temperature of 1/5 of its initial volume, process 1-2; it is then heated isochorically to state 3, process 2-3; and finally, expands polytropically with index n=1.5 back to its initial state, process 3-1. Determine the pressures, specific volumes and temperatures at cardinal points around the cycle and the cycle thermal efficiency.
Calculate the amount of work necessary for the reversible compression of steam from 1 bar to 10 bar. The compression is to take place in a cylinder fitted with a weightless piston at the constant temperature of 500 oC. Under these conditions we have a superheated vapor. Assume that steam may be treated as an ideal gas. Report your answer in units of kJ/kg using three decimal places. For conversion, note that the molar mass of water is 18.015 g/mol.

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