Now, this variation is not within the gene itself. It's outside the gene. In fact, it's upstream of the promoter. What is it's most likely function? It's a regulatory sequence that inhibits the transcription of the lactase gene in adulthood mammals It's an epigenetic modification because it's outside the genome. Want to make creations as awesome as this one? REGISTER NOW It acts in conjunction with the lac operon to determine when to transcribe the structural genes

Now, this variation is not within the gene itself. It's outside the gene. In fact, it's upstream of the promoter. What is it's most likely function? It's a regulatory sequence that inhibits the transcription of the lactase gene in adulthood mammals It's an epigenetic modification because it's outside the genome. Want to make creations as awesome as this one? REGISTER NOW It acts in conjunction with the lac operon to determine when to transcribe the structural genes

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter7: Gene Expression And Control

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3DID

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I. The retinoic acid receptor (RAR) is a transcription factor that is similar to steroid hormone receptors. Thesubstance (ligand) that binds to this receptor is retinoicacid. One of the genes whose transcription is activatedby retinoic acid binding to the receptor is myoD. Thediagram that follows shows a schematic view of theRAR proteins produced by genes into which one oftwo different 12-base double-stranded oligonucleotides had been inserted in the ORF. The insertion site(a–m) associated with each mutant protein is indicatedwith the appropriate letter on the polypeptide map.For constructs encoding proteins a–e, oligonucleotide 1(5′ TTAATTAATTAA 3′ read off either strand) wasinserted into the RAR gene. For constructs encoding proteins f–m, oligonucleotide 2 (5′ CCGGCCGGCCGG 3′)was inserted into the gene.NH2 f g h i j k l m COOHa b c d eThe wild-type RAR protein can both bind DNA and activate transcription weakly in the absence of retinoic acid(RA) and strongly in RA’s presence. Each…
E27. A cloned gene fragment contains a regulatory element that is recog- nized by a regulatory transcription factor. Previous experiments have shown that the presence of a hormone results in transcriptional acti- vation by this transcription factor. To study this effect, you conduct a electrophoretic mobility shift assay and obtain the following results: Tube: 1 2 3 Transcription factor: Hormone: Explain the action of the hormone.
Bong Question #1: The diagram below depicts the regulatory regions for two (made-up) genes, which contain cis-regulatory sequences X, Y, and Z and bind to transcriptional regulatory proteins: zelo led diogot bolgate SMARTY – a transcriptional ACTIVATOR protein, which is present in all neuronal cells and binds to cis-regulatory sequence, X1oq & vino 19vewod.152 moldong sai mut tum BRAWNY-a transcriptional ACTIVATOR protein, which is present in all muscle cells and binds to cis-resgulatory sequence, Yolgulum di ko malo na SNARKY - a transcriptional REPRESSOR protein, which is present in peripheral neurons only and binds to cis-regulatory sequence Z 100 bio se i da se lotimo broup gniwollt od 19 bolgate ons zegg or we de base do no me to stir noitesup od went of sistemos seu anoitesup 15wens horle 10oldog woy ni gnius stoted 1910 ni tatayot ovizasovo got no rade od lliw anioq azia oo ingene Aroom or b X y Jeol VELY gan 100 Tonnodige ΤΑΤΑ, 229nibrow dong H .aodto diw atse meldong mov.no o…
MATCH THE FF. WITH THE CHOICES BELOW group of genes one long mRNA with complementary codes of 3 or more genes controlled by negative regulation a tetrameric protein, is the lacI gene product It is a palindromic DNA segment at the upstream region of lac gene has a DNA-binding domain on N-terminus; the C-terminus binds inducer, forms tetramer. an accessory protein to activate transcription regulated both positively and negatively by AraC regulatory elements of arabinose operon It is Regulated Through a Co-Repressor-Mediated Negative Control Circuit an example of autogenous regulation has attenuation regulation mechanism CHOICES: -lac operator -Catabolite activator protein -araBAD Operon -polycistronic mRNA -trp Operon -lac operon -lac repressor -Operon -AraC gene
When chromatin is condensed, transcription cannot happen. Why not? RNA cannot access the promoter region of the gene DNA helicase cannot access the RNA strand RNA polymerase cannot access the DNA strand Transcription factors cannot access the termination region of the gene
Macmillan Learning across generations. Place the events in the order necessary for an epigenetic modification to be inherited in the next generation. $ 4 900 F4 Certain CpG methylation sites are not erased during gametogenesis or embryogenesis. DNA methyltransferase recognizes and binds CpG sites on DNA. A methyl group is added to the cytosine residue of the DNA sequence. DNA methyltransferase maintains the methylation pattern on both DNA strands. % Recent studies have found instances of transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic traits in humans (Relton et al., 2012 already possess their eggs at birth whereas males do not produce sperm until nuberty For enigenetic modifications to 5 F5 ^ Methylated CpG sites on one inherited DNA strand 6 Epigenetic silencing passed to offspring F6 MacBook Air Answer Bank & 7 F7 * 8 DII. F8 DD F9 F10 J F11 U
4e. You also study the expression of 3 different mutants for this gene. For each mutant answer the following: Does this mutation change the sequence of the protein produced? Why or why not? If it does change the sequence of protein be sure to write out the new sequence. If it does not change the protein sequence, what effect (if any) would you expect it to have on expression of the gene? 1 20 ORI 40 60 5'..TTCGAGCTCTCGTCGTCGAGATACGCGATGATATTACTGGTAATATGGGGATGCACTATC...3’ 3'...AAGCTCGAGAGCAGCAGCTCTATGCGCTACTATAATGACCATTATACCCCTACGTGATAG...5’ promoter i. Mutant A has a single base pair substitution with the T/A being replaced with C/G base pair at position 35 (position denoted by the * in the sequence above). ii. Mutant B has a 2 G/C pairs inserted between position 19 and 20 (position denoted by the ^ in the sequence above).
Define Epigenetic Inheritance Epigenetic inheritance Multiple Choice includes a subset of epigenetlc changes that are passed from parent to offspring across generations. occurs only in female offspring via processes like DNA methy ation is the inheritance of the poténtiol to have DNA changes occur, not the inheritance of actual epigenetic changes is always the result of environmental effects on the cells in an organism involves the inheritance of changes In gene expression thot offects oll traits in an organism Prey 1 of 14 Ne
4e. You also study the expression of 3 different mutants for this gene. For each mutant answer the following: Does this mutation change the sequence of the protein produced? Why or why not? If it does change the sequence of protein be sure to write out the new sequence. If it does not change the protein sequence, what effect (if any) would you expect it to have on expression of the gene? 1 20 ORI 40 60 5'...TTCGAGCTCTCGTCGTCGAGATACGCGATGATATTACTGGTAATATGGGGATGCACTATC...3' 3' ...AAGCTCGAGAGCAGCAGCTCTATGCGCTACTATAATGACCATTATACCCCTACGTGATAG...5' * promoter
draw the p21 promoter. Your drawing should include (1) the start site, (2) the TATA box and (3) the ERE/AP-1 binding site
. An interesting mutation in lacI results in repressorswith 110-fold increased binding to both operator andnonoperator DNA. These repressors display a “reverse”induction curve, allowing β-galactosidase synthesis inthe absence of an inducer (IPTG) but partly repressingβ-galactosidase expression in the presence of IPTG. Howcan you explain this? (Note that, when IPTG binds a repressor, it does not completely destroy operator affinity,but rather it reduces affinity 110-fold. Additionally, ascells divide and new operators are generated by thesynthesis of daughter strands, the repressor must findthe new operators by searching along the DNA, rapidlybinding to nonoperator sequences and dissociating fromthem.)
P. fgrR OP ferP ferS ferI ferZ KEY: O = operator P= promoter Boxes = structural genes Arrows = transcription start sites A hypothetical operon is shown above. At high iron levels, ferR binds a molecule of iron and the complex then binds the fer operator and prohibits transcription. When iron levels are low, the molecule of iron bound to ferR is used, which causes a conformational change so that ferR is released from the operator. a. Trypotphan is the effector molecule in the trp operon. What would be the equivalent molecule in this operon? b. Under what environmental condition will ferR be bound to the operator: high iron or low iron? c. Complete the table as to the expected transcription of different genotypes in high and low iron concentrations. yes = transcription, no = no transcription Genotype in genome transcription of the ferP-ferZ genes in high iron? low iron? Wild-type Nonfunctional ferR mutant fer operator