On the expected return (Y-axis) vs. variance (X-axis) graph, investors will prefer portfolios that lie to the: 1) Southeast 2) Northeast 3) Northwest 4) Southwest
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- a) Discuss the difference between a price-weighted index and a value-weighted index. Give one example for the price-weighted index and one example for the value-weighted index and discuss any problems/advantages associated with the specific indices. b) We assume that investors use mean-variance utility: U = E(r) – 0.5 × Ao², where E(r) is the expected return, A is the risk aversion coefficient and o? is the variance of returns. Given that the optimal proportion of the risky asset in the complete port- folio is given by the equation y* = E , where r; is the risk-free rate, E(rp) is the expected returm of the risky portfolio, o, is variance of returns, and A is the risk aversion coefficient. For each of the variables on the right side of the equation, discuss the impact of the variable's effect on y* and why the nature of the relationship makes sense intuitively. Assume the investor is risk averse. AoSuppose the gain from an investment is a normal random variable with mean 2 and standard deviation1.25. Compute the VaR for this investment.Mean-variance expected utility is given by Eu = e-, where e is expected return, v is the variance of the portfolio and tis risk tolerance. Suppose an investor has risk-loving preferences. What can we say about the value of t? Select one: Ot1 O. t>0 O t=0
- a. Using the data in the table below alculate the following performance measures.i. Sharpe ratioii. Treynor measureiii. Jensen’s alphaiv. M-squared measurev. T-squared measure, andvi. Appraisal ratio (information ratio) Fund Average return Standard Deviation Beta coefficient Unsystematic Risk A 0.240 0.220 0.800 0.017 B 0.200 0.170 0.900 0.450 C 0.290 0.380 1.200 0.074 D 0.260 0.290 1.100 0.026 E 0.180 0.400 0.900 0.121 F 0.320 0.460 1.100 0.153 G 0.250 0.190 0.700 0.120 Market 0.220 0.180 1.000 0.000 Risk free return 0.050 0.000 b. Out of the performance measures you calculated in part a., which one would you use undereach of the following circumstances:i. You want to select one of the funds as your risky portfolio.ii. You want to select one of the funds to be mixed with the rest of your portfolio,currently composed solely of holdings in the market-index fund.iii. You want to select one of the funds to form an actively managed stock portfolioSuppose you have mean-variance utility function with a coefficient of risk Aversion-0, which stocks are preferred to P. E(r) III IP II IV Standard DeviationEXAMPLE• Consider the following information:State Probability ABC, Inc. ReturnBoom .25 0.15Normal .50 0.08Slowdown .15 0.04Recession .10 -0.03• What is the expected return?• What is the variance?• What is the standard deviation?
- The variance ratio (VR) can be used to determine whether returns satisfy the efficient market hypothesis (EMH). Let n = 5 and r5,t be the five period log return at time t, where t = 1, 2,..., T. 1. Express (r5,t — Ã5) in terms of deviations of the relevant one period log returns from their respective means. Denote 75 to be the mean of the five period log return.Expected retun and standard deviation. Use the following information to answer the questions: a. What is the expected return of each asset? b. What is the variance and the standard deviation c. What is the expected return of a portfolio with 1 1 Data Table d. What is the portfolio's variance and standard de - X Hint Make sure to round all intermediate calculatio Swers yo (Click on the following icon D in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.) a. What is the expected return of asset J? (Round to four decimal places.) Return on Return on Return on Probability of State State of Asset J in Asset Kin State 0.200 0.140 0.040 Asset L in Economy State State Вoom 0.28 0.070 0.260 0.180 Growth 0.37 0.25 0.070 Stagnant 0.070 0.060 -0.210 Recession 0.10 0.070 -0.100 Print DoneConsider two assets with expected return R1=0.22,R2=0.55and variance are s1=0.80, s2=0.88 and r12=0.55 respectively.A portifolio with weights W1=0.25 and W2= 0.65 is formed calculate the expected return and variance of the portifolio
- The returns on assets C and D are strongly correlated with a correlation coefficient of 0.80. The variance of returns on C is 0.0009, and the variance of returns on D is 0.0036. What is the covariance of returns on C and D? Give typing answer with explanation and conclusionWhich of the following statements are correct? I.The standard deviation is a measure of risk.II.The variance of yearly returns is roughly the variance of monthly returns multiplied with 12.III.To decide whether asset A is more risky than asset B we can either use their standard deviations or their variances. Group of answer choices II and III only I, II and III I and II only I and III onlyCalculate the range, the expected rate of return, the variance, and the standard deviation for the problem below: Economic Condition Probability Expected Return Better than expected 0.15 0.65 Good 0.25 0.3 Average 0.45 0.15 Poor 0.1 -0.15 Terrible 0.05 -0.35