Or. Fayez Sar The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane of plant cells is often much larger the en i corresponding volume in animal cells. The most regsengble explanation for this observation is ihe A) plant cells are capable of having a much higher surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells. B) plant cells have a much more highly convoluted (folded) plasma membrane than animal celns. C) plant cells contain a large vacuole that reduces the volume of the cytoplasm. D) animal cells are more spherical, whereas plant cells are elongated. 12) A u

Or. Fayez Sar The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane of plant cells is often much larger the en i corresponding volume in animal cells. The most regsengble explanation for this observation is ihe A) plant cells are capable of having a much higher surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells. B) plant cells have a much more highly convoluted (folded) plasma membrane than animal celns. C) plant cells contain a large vacuole that reduces the volume of the cytoplasm. D) animal cells are more spherical, whereas plant cells are elongated. 12) A u

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter9: Cell Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2ITD

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Cells transporting substances across their membranes is essential. Choose TWO of the following types of cellular transport. ๏osmosis ๏active transport (b)Using the same transport types, identify a specific cell that utilizes that type of transit (i.e. one cell for each transport type, or two different cell examples), and detail a substance that is transferred. (c)A typical human lymphocyte has a radius of about 10 μm, while a typical bacterium (e.g., S. pneumoniae) has a radius of about 1 μm. Assuming that both cell types are perfectly spherical, compare and contrastthe transport mechanisms for each of these cells.
Match the transport mechanisms with their descriptions. (1) diffusion (2) facilitated diffusion (3) filtration (4) active transport (5) endocytosis (6) exocytosis A. the cell membrane engulfs a particle or substance, drawing it into the cell in a vesicleB. movement down the concentration gradient with a carrier protein, without energy inputC. movement down the concentration gradient without a carrier protein or energy inputD. a particle or substance leaves a cell in a vesicle that merges with the cell membraneE. movement against the concentration gradient with energy inputF. hydrostatic pressure forces substances through membranes
i. Why are carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen the most abundant elements in living matter and, therefore, considered macronutrients? ii. Explain the Fluid Mosaic membrane model of plasma membrane structure. iii. What is the difference between simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport? :=
Cells transporting substances across their membranes is essential. Choose TWO of the following types of cellular transport. ๏osmosis ๏active transport ๏facilitated diffusion ๏endocytosis / exocytosis (a)For each type of transport you choose, describe the transport process. Explain how the organization of cell membrane plays a role the movement of specific molecules across membrane. (b)Using the same transport types, identify a specific cell that utilizes that type of transit (i.e. one cell for each transport type, or two different cell examples), and detail a substance that is transferred. (c)A typical human lymphocyte has a radius of about 10 μm, while a typical bacterium (e.g., S. pneumoniae) has a radius of about 1 μm. Assuming that both cell types are perfectly spherical, compare and contrastthe transport mechanisms for each of these cells.
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans appertain to which of the following processes?*a. transport by argosomesb. transport by cytonemesc. restricted diffusiond. simple diffusion The model for planar transcytosis is characterized by which of the following?* a. Morphogen-receiving cells employ long actin-based filopodia. b. Morphogens interact with cell surface receptors and coreceptors. c. Lipid-modified morphogens are transported in lipoprotein vesicles. d. Morphogens are transported by repeated rounds of endocytosis and re-secretion. Metamerism is NOT observed in which of the following structures?* a. acron b. rhombomeres c. somites d. vertebral column The anterior structure of the Drosophila is promoted by which of the following events?* a. nanos proteins block the transcription of the caudal gene. b. caudal proteins promote the transcription of the bicoid gene. c. bicoid proteins promote transcription of the…
The classic demonstration that cell plasma membranes are composed ofbilayers depends on the following kinds of data:• The membrane lipids from 4.74 x 109erythrocytes will form a monolayer of area 0.89 m2when spread on a water surface.• The surface of one erythrocyte is approximately 100 μm2in area. Show that these data can be accounted for only if the erythrocyte membrane is a bilayer.
Among the statements a, b and c, which is/are false? a) Endocytosis is the formation of vacuoles by the plasma membrane for the purpose oftransport inside the cell a small content of extracellular fluid. b) Exocytosis is the formation of vacuoles by the plasma membrane for the purpose oftransport a small amount of intracellular fluid out of the cell. c) Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis. d) All of these statements are false. e) None of these statements is false.
8) Indicate which of the five major types of membrane protein (adhesion, enzymatic, recognition, receptor, and transport) is most likely to be involved in each of the situations described below: a) An oncologist wants to study the cells from a certain tumour that has been surgically removed from a patient. However, she must first treat the tumour with a solution affects a membrane protein on the tumour cells. Because of the effect of the solution on the membrane protein, the tumour tissue falls apart into individual cells. Type of membrane protein: b) Farmer Jebediah wakes up in the morning and makes himself an extra-strong coffee. The caffeine in the coffee attaches to a protein in the plasma membrane of his neurons, inducing a signal transduction cascade and causing Farmer Jebediah to be more alert Type of membrane protein:
Please help me with this question. More than one answer may be correct. The cis golgi compartment ______. Options: A) is a convenient place to store tools in small cars. B) uses clathrin as a coating protein to send vesicles to the medial compartments. C) sends proteins to their proper destination. D) is continuous with the trans compartment. E) adds specific signal to proteins destine for the lysosomes.
In the image, the tight junction proteins link cells together creating a barrier. These barrier proteins... protein A apical plana embrane (A) tight ntion lateral plauma brane banal plama membrane bal lamina Oa Puli the cells so close together ions struggle to fit between cells. O b. ) Prevent Transmembrane proteins from using membrane dynamics to float from the apical to the basolateral locations of a cell. OC. Are cytoplasmic-side anchoring proteins O d. Prevent proteins and lipids trom moving from apical to basolateral and don't let things pass between 2 cells side by side.
Vesicle transport occurs between the ER and the Golgi in bothdirections. Let’s suppose a researcher added a drug to cells thatinhibited vesicle transport from the Golgi to the ER but did not affectvesicle transport from the ER to the Golgi. If you observed cellsmicroscopically after the drug was added, what would you expect to seehappen over the course of 1 hour?a. The ER would get smaller, and the Golgi would get larger.b. The ER would get larger, and the Golgi would get smaller.c. The ER and Golgi would stay the same size.d. Both the ER and Golgi would get larger.e. Both the ER and Golgi would get smaller
molecules of actin could it hold? Assume the cell is spherical The Size of Cells and Their Components (a) If you were to magnify a cell 10,000-fold (typica] of u magnification achieved using an electron microscope), ho ples of Bioch 1. yotic cell with a cellular diameter of 50 µm. (b) If this cell were a muscle cell (myocyte), how many and no other cellular components are present; actin molecules are spherical, with a diameter of 3.6 nm. (The volume of a sphere is %ar.) (c) If this were a liver cell (hepatocyte) of the same dimensions, how many mitochondria could it hold? Assume the cell is spherical; no other cellular components are pre- sent; and the mitochondria are spherical, with a diameter of 1.5 µm. h (d) Glucose is the major energy-yielding nutrient for most cells. Assuming a cellular concentration of 1 mM (that is, 1 millimole/L), calculate how many molecules of glucose would be present in our hypothetical (and spherical) eukaryotic cell. (Avogadro's number, the number of…