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- . which of the following statements about heterotrimetric G proteins and their receptors is incorrect? A: when GTP binds to the alpha subunit of the G protein, the beta-gamma subunit dissociates from the alpha subunit B: G-protein coupled receptors contain nine transmembrane alpha helices C: binding of arrestin causes removal of the receptor from the membrane D: G protein- coupled receptors may be desensitized by serine phosphorylation I had chosen option A and got it wrong. What is the Correct answer and explain how it is. Also, where did i go wrong in choosing option A?E: Using either GPCRs (G-protein couples receptors) or RTKs (Receptor tyrosine kinases), describe: 1. How ligand binding activates the receptor. Ex: which proteins are involved? what changes can occur to the receptor after binding the ligand? 2. A signal transduction pathway that occurs due to the ligand binding (must include a secondary messenger). 3. Any cellular response due to the ligand binding. 4. A way that the signal pathway is regulated.c. What would be the consequence for an "a" cell that experienced an inactivating mutation in the gene for the "a" factor receptor? [Select]
- 72. Explain the basics of the interactions between ligands (chemical messengers) and their receptors. Explain the three factors that influence the magnitude of a target cell's response to ligand binding.Describe the process and results of receptor-ligand binding.1a) Create a diagram which illustrates the typical signaling mechanism of action G protein-coupled receptors and possible routes of communication (autocrine etc.). Should show the specific molecules involved, the mechanisms of signal transduction and indicate the different pathways that are activated. It should include a specific example of a receptor, ligand and signalling pathway for each general class. Include as wide a variety of ligands and modes of action as you can for a novel pathway.
- Outline the three general means by which binding of a water soluble extracellular chemical messenger to its matching surface membrane receptor brings about the desired intracellular response.Q. Explain the three main signal transduction mechanisms for GPCRsQ. Define signal transduction and explain the basic components of a signal transduction pathway.
- Explain how a tyrosine kinase (YK) receptor becomes phosphorylated and activated upon ligand binding.a. If a protein is acted on by a protein kinase, in what way does that change the protein’s structure? b. What effect does this typically have on the protein’s function?Define the term Receptor Binding?