QUESTION NUMBER: 23 Transcription of the zygote nucleus is dispensable in Drosophila early development but not in early development of mouse. Why? Pick the correct statement in this context: A) O The above assumption is wrong, transcription of the zygote nucleus is essential for Drosophila as well as mouse early development. B) O Elaborate epigenetic mechanisms present in mouse, but absent in Drosophila pose an essential need for the zygote nucleus to be transcriptionally inactive in mouse. C) O Drosophila oocyte contains all the transcripts needed to support early development, but the mouse oocyte does not. D) O Due to inactivation of one X chromosome in early development, mouse oocytes have
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- What would be the most likely effect of inhibiting the translation of hunchback mRNA throughout a Drosophila embryo?Question for assignment: Using a transgenic technique, propose an experiment to determine whether Cdx2 is sufficient for trophoblast development in the mouse embryo. Describe two results that you would expect to observe at the blastocyst stage if Cdx2 is indeed sufficient for trophoblast development. Be as specific as possible regarding the transgene that you propose for this experiment (including what gene's enhancer you would use in the transgene). Note: you do not need to explain the details of how a transgenic mouse is made. Describe the experiment in steps (Step 1: ..., Step 2: ... etc) and please keep your answer to under 150 words. TIPS FOR ANSWERING: DONT talk about stop cassetes/memory cassetes, focus on transgenes Paper (below) gave lots of results that you might see,, 6 diff ways that cdx2 is required for trophoblasts need specific gene enhancer (dont just say "expressed enhancer in genital ridge")Question for assignment: Using a transgenic technique, propose an experiment to determine whether Cdx2 is sufficient for trophoblast development in the mouse embryo. Describe two results that you would expect to observe at the blastocyst stage if Cdx2 is indeed sufficient for trophoblast development. Be as specific as possible regarding the transgene that you propose for this experiment (including what gene's enhancer you would use in the transgene). Note: you do not need to explain the details of how a transgenic mouse is made. Describe the experiment in steps (Step 1: ..., Step 2: ... etc) and please keep your answer to under 150 words. TIPS FOR ANSWERING: DONT talk about stop cassetes/memory cassetes, focus on transgenes Paper (Cdx2 is required for correct cell fate specification and differentiation of trophectoderm in the mouse blastocust) gave lots of results that you might see,, 6 diff ways that cdx2 is required for trophoblasts need specific gene enhancer (dont just say…
- Polarity of oocyte of DrosophilaWhat is the difference between the anterior and posterior determinant for the oocyte?Discuss the morphological differences between the parasegments and segments of Drosophila. Discuss the evidence, providing specific examples, that suggests the parasegments of the embryo are the subdivisions for the organization of gene expression.“In the early Drosophila embryo, the establishment of different body regionor tissues along, on the one hand, the anteroposterior axis and, on theother, the dorsoventral axis are initiated by clues provided by the egg’smother; however the nature of those signals and the way in which theyoperate is completely different”. Discuss whether this statement is correct.
- Concerning the Tools of Genetics Box Analysis ofCell-Cycle Mutants in Yeast:a. Describe how you would use replica plating ofmutagenized, haploid yeast cells to identifytemperature-sensitive (ts) mutations in essentialgenes needed for yeast growth and survival.b. Among the many ts mutations you found in part(a), how would you distinguish mutations in genesneeded for cell-cycle progression from those ingenes needed for other aspects of the life of yeasts?c. If you had a large collection of yeast cell-cyclemutants, how would you determine which of themutations are in the same gene and which are indifferent genes?What is the signaling pathway that mediates the organizing activity of the A/P organizer in the Drosophila wing disc? Describe two experiments that suggest this pathway functions to organize pattern and promote growth along the anterior/posterior axis of wing imaginal discs.Early development depends on the temporal and spatial interplay between maternally supplied material and mRNA and the onset of zygotic gene expression. Maternally encoded mRNAs must be produced, positioned, and degraded [Surdej and Jacobs-Lorena (1998). Mol. Cell Biol. 18:2892–2900]. For example, transcription of the bicoid gene that determines anterior– posterior polarity in Drosophila is maternal. The mRNA is synthesized in the ovary by nurse cells and then transported to the oocyte, where it localizes to the anterior ends of oocytes. After egg deposition, bicoid mRNA is translated and unstable bicoid protein forms a decreasing concentration gradient from the anterior end of the embryo. At the start of gastrulation, bicoid mRNA has been degraded. Consider two models to explain the degradation of bicoid mRNA: (1) degradation may result from signals within the mRNA (intrinsic model), or (2) degradation may result from the mRNA’s position within the egg (extrinsic model).…
- Name the mutation at the protein level which is the basis for mutant A-1 Would a nonsense mutation in protein A be an enhancer or suppressor mutation of mutant B-1 Name the mutation at the phenotype level when a new function is acquired: ____morphicBong Question #1: The diagram below depicts the regulatory regions for two (made-up) genes, which contain cis-regulatory sequences X, Y, and Z and bind to transcriptional regulatory proteins: zelo led diogot bolgate SMARTY – a transcriptional ACTIVATOR protein, which is present in all neuronal cells and binds to cis-regulatory sequence, X1oq & vino 19vewod.152 moldong sai mut tum BRAWNY-a transcriptional ACTIVATOR protein, which is present in all muscle cells and binds to cis-resgulatory sequence, Yolgulum di ko malo na SNARKY - a transcriptional REPRESSOR protein, which is present in peripheral neurons only and binds to cis-regulatory sequence Z 100 bio se i da se lotimo broup gniwollt od 19 bolgate ons zegg or we de base do no me to stir noitesup od went of sistemos seu anoitesup 15wens horle 10oldog woy ni gnius stoted 1910 ni tatayot ovizasovo got no rade od lliw anioq azia oo ingene Aroom or b X y Jeol VELY gan 100 Tonnodige ΤΑΤΑ, 229nibrow dong H .aodto diw atse meldong mov.no o…Changes in epigenetic modifications alter the accessibility and transcription of DNA. Describe how environmental stimuli, such as ultraviolet light exposure, could modify gene expression.