Q: The viral ________ plays a role in attaching a virion to the host cell.a. coreb. capsidc. enveloped.…
A: Viral surface protein implicated in the binding to specific host surface molecule(s). This binding…
Q: Which of the following is characteristic of the lytic cycle? a) The virus-host relationship usually…
A: Introduction: A bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria and archaea and replicates within…
Q: , Draw an encapsulated animal virus with a polyhedral capsid and spikes. Label and include: capsid,…
A: Introduction Animal viruses are tiny packages of protein and nucleic acid, Polyhedral capsids form…
Q: Which of the three types of viruses shown in the figure would you expect to include a capsid(s)?…
A: virus are obligate parasites which becomes active ones they are inside the host cells . They have…
Q: Although some viruses are complete after the assembly stage, othersdo not complete replication until…
A: Viruses are infectious agents with a very different organization as well as reproduction.
Q: The general steps in a viral multiplication cycle area. adsorption, penetration, synthesis,…
A: A pathogen or infectious agent is a biological agent that causes illness or disease to its host.…
Q: Name the different components (a-g) and functions of the Ebola virus shown below. Please write the…
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Q: Which is the usual order of a viral replication cycle when it is making new virions? O Host…
A: Viruses are the obligate parasite. They require host cell to complete their cycle from the…
Q: The lipid content of an enveloped virus is produced from O freely available lipids viral made…
A: Microorganisms are those organisms that are not found by the naked eye while they are visible only…
Q: Enveloped viral membranes are generally ________ with associated virus-specific ________. A) lipid…
A: Many enveloped viruses are pathogenic to humans and have therapeutic significance, such as HBV, HCV,…
Q: Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning viral envelopes? O Only viruses with envelopes…
A: Introduction:- Viruses are small obligate intracellular parasites, which contain either RNA or DNA…
Q: Explain the difference between enveloped viruses andnonenveloped (naked) viruses.
A: They are non cellular entities which have their RNA (ribonucleic acid) or DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)…
Q: Match the terms 1Genome surrounded by a protein coat 2Functional viral particle capable to infect a…
A: Match the terms :- Terms :- Answers
Q: Describe the function and structure(s) of viral capsids
A: Virus, irresistible agent of little size and basic organization that can duplicate just in living…
Q: Match the best possible fit for the following Animal virus replication stages. A. Attachment B.…
A: Viruses contain nucleic acid/ribonucleic acid in the core region while the exterior/…
Q: What is an envelope? What are spikes (peplomers)? Why do some enveloped viruses have pleomorphic…
A: A virus is a microorganism that has an infectious property. It cannot reproduce by itself.
Q: In general, RNA viruses multiply in the cell __, and DNA viruses multiply in the cell __. a.…
A: Viruses are microscopic organisms that cannot be seen with naked eyes. The most unique nature of the…
Q: Some viral particles contain genomes composed entirely of RNA. O True O False
A: Genetic material of viruses It depends on type of virus. Generally there are 2 kind of virus group…
Q: Mention one significant function of capsid in virus.
A: Virus is a nucleoprotein entity which able to utilize the synthetic machinery of a living cell of…
Q: The viral ________ play(s) a role in attaching a virion to the host cell. a. core b. capsid c.…
A: A virus consisting a naked capsid goes into the cell by attaching to the attachment factor present…
Q: a typical eukarytic cell has a diameter of 50 microns while a corona virus particles has a diameter…
A: Given that the diameter of a typical eukaryotic cell = 50 microns the diameter of a coronavirus…
Q: Genomic material of viruses can only be represented by single- or double-stranded RNA molecules. O…
A: Viruses are a type of submicroscopic infectious agent that cannot survive on their own and thus…
Q: Give a brief account of viruses with respect to their structure and nature ofgenetic material. Also…
A: Genetic material of an organism refers to the DNA molecule present in the nucleus of its cell. DNA…
Q: What does circulating HBeAg indicate about individuals with chronic HBV infection?
A: Introduction: The HBeAg stands for hepatitis B e-antigen. This antigen circulates in the blood of an…
Q: Arrange the following list into the correct sequence for viral reproduction: 1. penetration 2.…
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Q: 1. Which of the follovwing is NOT considered CPE caused by virus infection? A. Cytolysis B. Electron…
A: Viruses: These are non -cellular ,simple microbes having one or more molecule of DNA and RNA…
Q: Match the specific parts/structures of the B-virus below 65 nm D Pin E (a) A T-even bacteriophage A…
A: Bacteriophage is a virus infecting bacteria. It can be understood by dividing the word into two,…
Q: Refer to the illustration below, Identify the part that is labelled C TA C О Нead Capsid O tail O…
A: Viruses are infectious organisms that are neither considered living or nonliving due to the fact…
Q: The following diagram shows the life cycle of the lytic virus, the symbol that indicates the stage…
A: Viruses have two types of life cycle lytic and lysogenic. In lysogenic type of lifecycle it insert…
Q: In addition to shared components of all viruses, enveloped viruses have which structure that non-…
A: Viruses are microscopic structures that are smaller than bacteria and can be viewed only using an…
Q: Classification of viruses is based on what 3 components? O A) Nucleic acids, cell membrane, protein…
A: A virus is a small collection of either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protein coat. A virus cannot…
Q: The capsids of some, but not all viruses are surrounded by OA membranous envelope O A protein spore…
A: Viruses are the obligate intracellular parasites, which need living cell to grow and viruses infect…
Q: Non-enveloped viruses are more resistant to changes in temperature, pH, and some disinfectants than…
A: Viruses are mainly classified based on their genetic material i.e. RNA or DNA. But based on their…
Q: How do viruses recognize their hosts to infect them? They bind receptors on the host cell surface…
A: AVirus is a microscopic infectious agent which binds to the living cells and replicate and thus,…
Q: How would you describe the kind of capsid found on this virus fromfigure ? In what ways is this…
A: A virus is submicroscopic infectious particle that replicates only inside the living cells of an…
Q: 70-90 nm (diameter) 80-200 nm (diameter) 80 x 225 nm I. 1. I. A capsid would be present in which of…
A: The virus is defined as an infectious agent that is small in size and has a simple composition that…
Q: A prophage occurs during the reproduction cycle of Select one: O A. A lysogenic virus. B. A lytic…
A: Virus is a microorganism that is neither prokaryotic or eukaryotic. This is because the virus…
Q: The lipid content of an enveloped virus is produced from O freely available tipids O viral made…
A: Host membrane
Q: Refer to the illustration below, Identify the part that is labelled F A. О Нead O Capsid capsomere O…
A: In the given image, we are shown structure of HIV which contains two positive sense single stranded…
Q: The of the virus are responsible for attaching to the host cell O capsomeres nucleic acids viral…
A: Viruses are infectious agents that are non-cellular and composed of genetic material covered by a…
Q: 70-90 nm (diameter) 80-200 nm (diameter) 80 x 225 nm II. Which of the three types of viruses shown…
A: Viruses do not contain a cellular structure hence they are acellular. They lack cellular organelles…
Q: Enveloped viruses carry surface receptors calleda. buds b. spikes c. fibers d. sheaths
A: Viruses are microscopic agents that can replicate only inside host cells. They can infect all types…
Q: Shape of a virus is determined by its envelope. Select one: O True O False
A: An infection is an infectious agent of small size and basic composition that can duplicate just in…
Q: Match each of the following viral families with the appropriate viral genera:
A: Virus are connecting link between living and non living. Herpes simplex virus causes genital herpes…
Q: The viral envelope is made up of _______. A. Lipids and Proteins B. Proteins C. Glycoproteins…
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Q: Give a brief account of viruses with respect to their structure and nature of genetic material. Also…
A: Given: The term virus was given by Pasteur.The term virus means venom or poison.Virus was discovered…
Q: Virology: Give one key characteristics for each of the viral replication period and the inflammation…
A: Covid - 19 The replication period is about 14 days and sometimes within 5 days common symptoms are…
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- A highly conserved endotoxin of gram negative bacteria is? Lipid A adhesin protease phospholipase endosporinBacillus anthracis (Anthrax) Shape and arrangement of your pathogen Bacillus shape and Streptobacilli arrangement Type of flagella, number and correctly named arrangement of the flagella (example: monotrichous) My pathogen is one of the few in its specie that is not motile. It contains one flagellin gene, however four essential proteins contain point mutations and frameshifts. Therefore, the flagella are nonfunctional and the organism lacks motility; Atrichous. Capsule or not (If yes, describe what is it made from) Yes. It is made of poli-y-D-glutamic acid (PGA). According to Frontiers in Immunology, “Bacillus anthracis poly-γ-D-glutamic acid (PGA) capsule is an essential virulent factor that helps the bacterial pathogen to escape host immunity.” Gram staining status OR acid-fast stain cell wall description. Explain why your pathogen has this status by describing your pathogen's cell wall structure. Gram positive-…FIGURE 4. The human protein known as PCNA [proliferating cell nuclear antigen] interacts with the SARS-COV-2 protein M [matrix], one of the molecules that make up the virus's membrane and give it shape. The discovery itself shows one of the ways the pathogen manipulates cell function for its life cycle to proceed. The researcher used what methods to generate the image below.
- 3. The table on the last page compares for each of four different proteolytic enzymes the chemical bonding structure of a classical substrate with the structures of two competitive inhibitors. For each substrate structure an arrow indicates the position of the scissile bond, i.e., the bond that is cleaved through catalytic action. For each enzyme, one of the inhibitors is a classical competitive inhibitor while the other is a transition-state inhibitor analog. While ordinary competitive inhibitors are associated with (dissociation) inhibitor equilibrium con- stants of ~10-3 to 10-6 M, transition-state analogs exhibit inhibitor constants ≤ 10-⁹ M. (a) For each enzyme draw a circle around those parts of the substrate that account for specificity of substrate recognition. (b) For each enzyme identify the transition-state inhibitor analog by drawing a circle around it and give a brief explanation of why it mimics the structure of the transition-state species. (c) Draw a "generic"…Most medically useful antibiotics interfere with either peptidoglycan synthesis or ribosome function. Why would the cell membrane be a poor target for antimicrobial medication?How does amoeba ingest a food particle through the process of phagocytosis? (very detailed please:) thank you)
- Apicomplexans evolved from a photosynthetic ancestor and have the remnant of a chloroplast. This organelle no longer acts in photosynthesis, but remains essential to the protist. Why might targeting this organelle yield an antimalarial drug with minimal side effects in humans?Using the video from https://www.pbs.org/video/natures-cutest-symbiosis-the-bobtail-squid-4bhtmo/ The bobtail squid and Vibrio fischeri serve as model organisms for studying cellular communication. Provideat least two examples of communication either between squid and bacteria or within bacteria from the film.In the diagram below, identify the structures of a cyanobacterial cell based on the following descriptions: a) Outer cellular covering which includes: Mucilaginous layer – outermost layer covering the cell wall; protects the cell from harmful factors of the environment Cell wall – found just below the mucilaginous layer; 2 or 3-layered, the inner layer lies in between the outer wall layer and plasma membrane; the outer layer is made of peptidoglycan Innermost plasma membrane – selectively permeable membrane enclosing the cytoplasm b) Cytoplasm – found below the plasma membrane; the protoplasm which contains structures of different shapes and functions. Lamellae, which contain pigments such as chlorophylls, carotenes, xanthophylls, phycoerythrin and phycocyanin, are located in the peripheral region of cytoplasm. Ribosomes may also be found scattered in the cytoplasm. c) Nucleic material – the nucleoplasm that is centrally located in the cell and contains chromatin in the form…
- Some bacteria secrete chemicals that prevent the phagocytic digestion of a bacterium by interfering with the fusion of _____ to the phagosome. View Available Hint(s) for Part F the bacterium a lysosome pseudopods a lipopolysaccharide layer (LPS)Most medically useful antibiotics interfere with either peptidogly¬can synthesis or ribosome function. Why would the cytoplasmic membrane be a poor target for antibacterial medications?false true Viruses do not reproduce .within host cell Phagocytosis is type of Lactive transport R.B.Cs have no mitochondria Phospholipids have similar structure to fat Prokaryotic cell has no mitochondria Channel protein form a small opening through the cell membrane All nucleic acids have no oxygen In prophase stage chromosomes become shorter Cell is defined as basic functional unit of living .organism Phospholipid bilayer of cell membrane has hydrophilic head only O O