Suppose that a microprocessor operates at 5MHz. How long does the bus cycle occupy, assuming no wait states are inserted?
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Suppose that a microprocessor operates at 5MHz. How long does the bus cycle occupy, assuming no wait states are inserted?
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- A microprocessor scans the status of an output I/O device every 20 ms. This is accom- plished by means of a timer alerting the processor every 20 ms. The interface of the device includes two ports: one for status and one for data output. How long does it take to scan and service the device given a clocking rate of 8 MHz? Assume for sim- plicity that all pertinent instruction cycles take 12 clock cycles.Consider a paging system with the page table stored in memory. A. If a memory reference takes 200 nanoseconds, how long does a paged memory reference take? B. If we add associative registers, and 75 percent of all page-table references are found in the associative registers, what is the effective memory reference time? (Assume that finding a page-table entry in the associative registers takes zero time, if the entry is there.)3. If we have an 8 bit microcontroller that has 4kB of instruction memory starting at address 0x0000, and 2kB of data memory immediately above that, what is the next available byte in our address map?
- 5. Consider two microprocessors having 8- and 16-bit-wide external data buses, respectively. The two processors are identical otherwise and their bus cycles take just as long. (a) Suppose all instructions and operands are one byte long, by what factor do the maximum data transfer rates differ?A modern computer central processing unit chip (CPU) runs with a clock speed of 2.7 GHz. It can execute one operation in each of these clock cycles. a. How many seconds long is one clock cycle? b. Electrical signals travel at the speed of light. How far can an electrical signal travel in one clock cycle? c. Wires between the CPU's control unit and its cache memory (both on this chip), are about 2 cm long. How does this compare to how far an electrical signal can travel in one clock cycle?Suppose we have two implementations of the same instruction set architecture. Computer A has a clock cycle time of 200 ps and a CPI of 2 for some program, and computer B has a clock cycle time of 500 ps and a CPI of 1.25 for the same program. Which computer is faster for this program, and by how much?
- Consider a processor that contains eight 16-bit registers. Design a complete Register file and determine its internal circuit.Subject microprocessor. Given that the base address is FoH.A microprocessor has an increment memory direct instruction, which adds 1 to the value in a memory location. The instruction has five stages: fetch opcode(four bus clock cycles),fetch operand address (three cycles), fetch operand (three cycles) add 1 to operand (three cycles), and store operand (three cycles). a. By what amount (in percent) will the duration of the instruction increase if we have to insert two bus wait states in each memory read and memory write operation? b. repeat assuming that the increment operation takes 13 cycles instead of 3 cycles
- Suppose we have two implementations of the same instruction set architecture. Computer A has a clock cycle time of 210 ps and a CPI of 2.2 for some programs, and computer B has a clock cycle time of 460 ps and a CPI of 1.3 for the same program. Which computer is faster for this program and by how much? Please and thank youFind the machine code for the following instruction in RISC-V. Assume all instructions are labeled sequentially, for example, I1, I2, I3, …, I200. I10 : BGE x10, x20, I100Suppose a RISC machine uses overlapping register windows for passing parameters between procedures. The machine has 298 registers. Each register window has 32 registers, of which 10 are global variables and 10 are local variables.Q) How many register windows would be available for use?