The HF bond length is 92 pm, 16% shorter than the sum ofthe covalent radii of H (37 pm) and F (72 pm). Suggest a reasonfor this difference. Similar calculations show that the differencebecomes smaller down the group from HF to HI. Explain.
The HF bond length is 92 pm, 16% shorter than the sum ofthe covalent radii of H (37 pm) and F (72 pm). Suggest a reasonfor this difference. Similar calculations show that the differencebecomes smaller down the group from HF to HI. Explain.
Principles of Modern Chemistry
8th Edition
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Chapter3: Atomic Shells And Classical Models Of Chemical Bonding
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 29P: The bond length in HI(1.62) is close to the sum of the atomic radii of H (0.37 Å) and I (1.33 Å)....
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The HF bond length is 92 pm, 16% shorter than the sum ofthe covalent radii of H (37 pm) and F (72 pm). Suggest a reasonfor this difference. Similar calculations show that the differencebecomes smaller down the group from HF to HI. Explain.
Expert Solution
Step 1
During formation of covalent bond orbitals are merged partially for overlapping between the bonded atoms and the bond length is shorter than the sum of the covalent radii of the atoms.
For H-F molecule, overlapping is more effective because of less difference of size of orbitals than H-Cl , H-Br and H-I so, the difference becomes smaller down the group from HF to HI.
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