Two firms are engaged in Cournot (simultaneous quantity) competition. Market-level inverse demand is given by P = 160 − 4Q Firm 1 has constant marginal costs of MC1 = 8, while Firm 2 has constant marginal costs of MC2 = 24. 1) Does there exist a low enough positive marginal cost for firm 1 such that firm 1 acts like a monopoly in this market, if so what is the MC if not why?
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Two firms are engaged in Cournot (simultaneous quantity) competition. Market-level inverse demand is given by P = 160 − 4Q Firm 1 has constant marginal costs of MC1 = 8, while Firm 2 has constant marginal costs of MC2 = 24. 1) Does there exist a low enough positive marginal cost for firm 1 such that firm 1 acts like a
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- Consider the daily market for hot dogs in a small city. Suppose that this market is in long-run competitive equilibrium with many hot dog stands in the city, each one selling the same kind of hot dogs. Therefore, each vendor is a price taker and possesses no market power. The following graph shows the demand (D) and supply (S = MC) curves in the market for hot dogs. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the market price and quantity that will result from competition. Competitive Market 5.0 4.5 PC Outcome 4.0 3.5 3.0 o 2.5 2.0 S=MC 1.5 1.0 0.5 D 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 QUANTITY (Hot dogs) PRICE (Dollars per hot dog)5. Monopoly outcome versus competition outcome Consider the daily market for hot dogs in a small city. Suppose that this market is in long-run competitive equilibrium with many hot dog stands in the city, each one selling the same kind of hot dogs. Therefore, each vendor is a price taker and possesses no market power. The following graph shows the demand (D) and supply (S = MC) curves in the market for hot dogs. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the market price and quantity that will result from competition. Competitive Market 5.0 4.5 PC Outcome 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 PRICE (Dollars per hot dog) 0 30 60 S=MC 90 120 150 180 210 QUANTITY (Hot dogs) D 240 270 300Assume that one of the hot dog vendors successfully lobbies the city council to obtain the exclusive right to sell hot dogs within the city limits. This firm buys up all the rest of the hot dog vendors in the city and operates as a monopoly. Assume that this change doesn't affect demand and that the new monopoly's marginal cost curve corresponds exactly to the supply curve on the previous graph. Under this assumption, the following graph shows the demand (D), marginal revenue (MR), and marginal cost (MC) curves for the monopoly firm. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the following graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity of a monopolist. Use the green points (triangle symbol) to shade the area that represents consumer surplus, and use the purple points (diamond symbol) to shade the area that represents producer surplus. PRICE (Dollars per hot dog) 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 30 Monopoly MC D MR 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 QUANTITY (Hot dogs)…
- Assume that one of the hot dog vendors successfully lobbies the city council to obtain the exclusive right to sell hot dogs within the city limits. This firm buys up all the rest of the hot dog vendors in the city and operates as a monopoly. Assume that this change doesn't affect demand and that the new monopoly's marginal cost curve corresponds exactly to the supply curve on the previous graph. Under this assumption, the following graph shows the demand (D), marginal revenue (MR), and marginal cost (Mc) curves for the monopoly firm. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the following graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity of a monopolist. Monopoly 5.0 4.5 Monopoly Outcome 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 MC 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 D MR 35 70 105 140 175 210 245 280 315 350 QUANTITY (Hot dogs) In the following table, enter the price and quantity that would arise in a perfectly competitive market; then enter the profit-maximizing price and quantity that would be chosen if a monopolist…Assume that instead of having two firms in the market, we have a monopoly facing the inverse demand P = 400 − 10Q. The monopoly’s marginal cost is $10. Suppose the Monopoly can first degree price discriminate. Find (calculate) the Monopoly’s quantity, price, profit, the consumer surplus and thedeadweight loss in this case. Draw a representative graph here.Intel is the world’s largest manufacture of semiconductor chips by revenue. During the 1990s, Intel became the dominant supplier of microprocessors for PCs and was known for aggressive and anti-competitive tactics in defense of its market position. Consider the market for Intel’s Pentium II processor, released in May 1997. Assume Pentium II enjoyed a monopoly in computer processors. Intel’s cost of production is characterized by function C = 10Q2, marginal cost MC = 20Q, while the market demand for the product is P = 400 − 10Q. Calculate Intel’s profit-maximizing quantity for its Pentium II processor. How much would Intel price its Pentium IIs?
- The market price of laptops in a certain city is determined by P = 1,400 – Q where Q represents the total number of laptops produced. The total cost of producing q laptops is TC = 200q +50,000 for any firm in this market. (e) Suppose both firms are able to collude and equally split monopoly production. What is the profit for each firm?A monopoly faces a demand curve with two types of consumers: Group A with demand PA = 900 - 1/2 Q₁ and Group B with demand PB = 800- 1/8 QB. The firm cost function is given by C(Q) =100Q and MC=100. Suppose the firm cannot price discriminate, and must set a single price for both markets. What inverse demand curve does the monopoly face when both groups are active in the market? ( i.e, the aggregate demand for the case when P<800) esents when allImagine any market divided by 2 Cournot oligopolists who have identical costs Marginal cost = Average cost = 200. About this market, ask yourself: a) If the demand curve for this market is given by Q = 1250 - 2.5P, where Q is the total quantity demanded in the market and P is the selling price, both given in units, what is the reaction curve of the oligopolists? b) What will be the quantity produced and the selling price of the oligopolists? c) A strategist considers that a good marketing campaign would be able to expand the Demand of this market to Q = 1,500 - 2.5P and that in this way, oligopolists could produce the same amount and make significantly greater profits. Such a campaign would generate a reduction in profits in the order of 70,000. Is it worth making this investment in marketing?
- Consider the fish market where demand is given by the following equation: P=52-Q where P is the price in dollars and Q is the quantity in kilos. All firms are identical and the marginal cost is 12. 15-If the market were competitive, what would the price be and how many units would be produced? You must provide your calculations. 16-If the market was made up of only one firm (a monopoly), what would the price be and how many units would be produced? You must provide your calculations. 17-If the market was made up of two firms (a duopoly) and they chose their level of production simultaneously: what would the price be and how many units would be produced by each firm? You must provide your calculations. 18-If the market was made up of two firms (a duopoly) and firm 2 was dominant (i.e. it chose its level of production first): what would the price be and how many units would be produced by each firm? You must provide your calculations. 19-Compare the quantities produced by each of the…Consider two airlines (Southwest and American) that have a monopoly on the routes they fly. Both airlines face the same market demand curve for their flights given by: P = 500 - 2Qd MR = 500 - 4Q Both airlines also face a constant marginal cost of $50 (assume there are no fixed costs). Southwest charges just one price and does so optimally. However, American is able to price discriminate by charging $300 for last minute or week day fliers (usually business people) and $100 for those customers who book far in advance. A)Based on these prices how many seats will American save for week day fliers? Calculate the profit for both firms. B)Graphically show the producer surplus for both firms. Is price discrimination beneficial for the airlines? Why?Albert and Johny are the only sellers of Motorbikes in Ireland. The inverse market demand function for motorbikes is P(Y)= 200- 2Y . Both firms have the same total cost function: T(C)= 12Y and the same marginal cost: M(C)=12. Suppose now that the two firms decide to act like a single monopolist. What will the total quantity of Motorbikes sold in the market be and what will the equilibrium price be? Represent the profit maximisation problem on a graph and indicate the price and quantity at the equilibrium. Calculate the total profit made by the two firms when they act like a monopoly. Compare it with the total profit they were making in the Stackelberg oligopoly. For the two firms to be willing to agree to act as a monopoly, how should they split the quantity to produce between them? We assume that if they do not agree to act like a monopoly, then the market structure is the Stackelberg oligopoly studied above. We further assume that no money transfer is possible between the two…