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- Computer Networks Problem In the CSMA/CD protocol, the network adapter waits K-512 bit times after a collision, where K is drawn randomly. For K=20, how long does the adapter wait until returning to Step 2 for a 10 Mbps broadcast channel?What is the distinction between blocking and nonblocking with respect to messages?in the case of blockchain a routing security violation can happen if : if the CPU has more than 16 cores and 16 active threads run at the same time Asynchronous synchronization of the blockchain can be disrupted by affecting the routing thereby creating inconsistencies between blockchains If someone can get hold of more that 51% of mining power If blockchains can be broken
- Nearly every endpoint operating system is required to be completely transparent while using TCP. Can the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) be cheated, and if so, how would one instance outperform other endpoints?How does a network partition failure differ from a general network failure? a) Messages get delivered but the data within them is corrupted. b) Messages may take a long and unpredictable amount of time to reach their destination since they have to take alternate routes. c) A group of machines will be able to communicate among systems within the group but not with other groups of machines. d) Messages to fail to transmit only in one direction. A client may send requests to a server but never receive responses.Question : Distributed computing provides a means for complex problems to be solved efficiently and quickly by dividing the work among the processors in the system. This concept is interesting because of its ability to increase the power of computing. What is even more interesting is the application of distributed computing. Investigate a set of interesting applications in which distributed computing is used in industry. In each case, one could discuss the particular protocols, security issues, and benefits along with an overview of the system implementation.
- Give an example of each of the following and write a short description of it:Network aided congestion management a. End to end congestion control b.Software that relies on UDP for data transport may experience intermittent failures. How would you go about accomplishing it if you were in such a situation?Compare cypher block chaining versus cypher feedback mode in terms of the number of encryption operations necessary to deliver a large file. Which of the two is more efficient, and by how much?
- Applications reliant on UDP could struggle to transfer data regularly. In such situation, how would you go about doing it?The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite (IP), and is so common that the entire suite is often called TCP/IP. A TCP connection is managed by an operating system through a programming interface that represents the local end-point for communications, the Internet socket. During the lifetime of a TCP connection the local end-point undergoes a series of state changes. These states are: (1) TCPEstablished: connection is on and ready for data transfer, (2) TCPCLosed, connection is off, and (3)TCPListen, TCP is listening for connection requests. The TCP Connection performs three operations, where the behavior of the operations changes as the state of the connection changes. These operations are: (1) open, (2) close, and (3) Acknowledge. What design pattern best suites your needs? 1. Chain of responsibility 2. Strategy 3. Command 4. StateCOMPUTER NETWORKS: An application message is segmented into 20 packets, each of which is 4000-byte in size. Caculate the end-to-end delay for the message when the bit rate for any node is 1 Mbps, the optical path total distance is 2000-km, and the queuing and processing delays are 1-ms and 1-ms, respectively. There are 4 intermediate routers in the path, each of which uses the store-and-forward approach. Answer: 786 Please show how they got that answer with steps