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What is the difference between a gene and an allele? Identify the following terms as either a phenotype or genotype: a. Pink and round b. RR C. Rr с. d. Soft and square

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter19: Introduction To Genetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define the difference between (a) gene and allele, (b) dominant allele and recessive allele, (c)...

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Concept explainers

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.

Question

What is the difference between a gene and an allele?
Identify the following terms as either a phenotype or genotype:
a. Pink and round
b. RR
C. Rr
с.
d. Soft and square

Expert Solution

Step 1 Introduction

Sir Gregor Mendel was a priest and a teacher who did the famous hybridization experiment on garden pea plants. Mendel presented his work in a paper entitled “Experiments in plant hybridization” at the meeting of the natural history society of Brunn. The external appearance of an individual for any trait is called the phenotype. The genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual with respect to a single or set of characters. Mendel gave various postulates regarding the inheritance of characters and these postulates later became the law of Mendel. The three laws given by Mendel are the law of dominance, the law of segregation, and the law of independent assortment.

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