Which of the following are always true of reactions that are energetically favorable under standard conditions? Choice 1 of 5: Their standard free energy change is equal to zero. Choice 2 of 5: At equilibrium, the product of the concentration of the products is greater than the product of the concentration of the reactants. Choice 3 of 5: They may be energetically UN-favorable under non-standard conditions. Choice 4 of 5: They will proceed at a rapid rate even in the absence of a catalyst. Choice 5 of 5: Their change in enthalpy is smaller than the change in entropy.

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Potentiometric Titrations

Potentiometric titration is one of the important titration methods and is mainly carried out to characterize acid solutions. It follows a method similar to that of the normal titration technique, but the main difference is that there is no indicator used in the potentiometric titrations. Instead of using an indicator, electrodes are employed for monitoring the whole titration process. A scientist named Robert Behrend did the potentiometric titration for the first time, and it was done using the mercurous solution and potassium chloride.