Which of the following is probably the best explanation for the fact that Antarctic penguins cannot fly, although there is evidence that millions of years ago their ancestors could do so? Group of answer choices Penguins live on land and feed in the water; therefore they have no need to fly. The Antarctic home of penguins is flat and barren; therefore there is no place to fly. Ancestral penguins did not use their wings for long periods of time; therefore today’s penguins have only tiny, nonfunctional wings. Ancestral penguins without large wings were better able to swim and feed in the water; therefore they passed their genes for shorter

Which of the following is probably the best explanation for the fact that Antarctic penguins cannot fly, although there is evidence that millions of years ago their ancestors could do so? Group of answer choices Penguins live on land and feed in the water; therefore they have no need to fly. The Antarctic home of penguins is flat and barren; therefore there is no place to fly. Ancestral penguins did not use their wings for long periods of time; therefore today’s penguins have only tiny, nonfunctional wings. Ancestral penguins without large wings were better able to swim and feed in the water; therefore they passed their genes for shorter

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter21: Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD: Peter and Rosemary Grant of Princeton University have studied the ecology and evolution of finches...

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Which of the following passages inaccurately describes the evolutionary process? Wings are a highly valuable structure for any species as they increase survivorship and dispersal capabilities. Insect wings are hypothesized to have evolved from dorsal extensions from their thorax that, over generations, were selected for as they helped to absorb solar energy, aiding in thermoregulation. AS mutations continued to accrue, muscles attached to those flaps, making them more motile, and uitimately setting the foundation for wingS. Mammals have three ossicles, or tiny bones, in their middle ear that aid the hearing: the malleus, the incus, and the stapes. The stapes is the oldest of the three bones, having evolved from the pharyngeal arch ll, called the hyoid arch. We know it's the oldest as it is found in tetrapods (the columella) and in some more recently evolved fish. The malleus and incus evolved from bones of their ancestral mammal-like reptiles jaws, the articular and the quadrate…
Briefly describe how observing beak sizes in finches before and after a drought in the Galapagos provides evidence for evolution. Meant to be a short answer like 4 sentences or so is great
What evidence is there that the 15 species of finch all evolved from one common ancestor? DNA analysis shows that their DNA is almost identical with only minor changes. Scientists have been studying them since Darwin in 1835 and have watched them evolve. Observation of all 15 species shows that they look incredibly similar, with minor changes to beak size and shape. These 15 species are found nowhere else in the world, and the islands are located close enough to the mainland for birds to migrate.
Peter and Rosemary Grant of Princeton University have studied the ecology and evolution of finches on the Galapagos Islands since the early 1970s. They have shown that finches with large bills (as measured by bill depth; see Figure) can eat both small seeds and large seeds, but finches with small bills can only eat small seeds. In 1977, a severe drought on the island of Daphne Major reduced seed production by plants. After the birds consumed whatever small seeds they found, only large seeds were still available. The resulting food shortage killed a majority of the medium ground finches (Geospizafortis) on Daphne Major; their population plummeted from 751 in 1976 to just 90 in 1978. The Grants research also documented a change in the distributions of bill depths in the birds from 1976 to 1978, as illustrated in the graphs to the right. In light of what you now know about the relationship between bill size and food size for these birds, interpret the change illustrated in the graph. What type of natural selection does this example illustrate? Source: P. R. Grant. 1986. Ecology and Evolution of Darwins Finches. Princeton University Press.
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Since different species may occupy the same habitat, explain why they continue to remain separate species? Adaptive radiation is when populations diverge from a common ancestor into new species, each of which is adapted to its own unique niche. Provide evidence to highlight an example as to how this may have occurred in some of the species of penguins. What types of biological evidence would you need to look at to determine evolutionary relatedness between penguin species? **ALL ANSWERS ARE ABOUT THE SPECIES OF PENGUINS**
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Sugar gliders and Northern flying squirrels are mammals that have many morphological similarities despite being genetically different. Both are nocturnal and have large eyes to help them see in the dark. Both live in trees and have flaps of skin connecting their front and back legs, and when their front and back legs are extended, the flaps allow the animals to glide from one tree branch to another. Sugar gliders are native to Australia, and Northern flying squirrels are native to North America. Which of the following best explains the morphological similarities between these two species? a.The similarities in traits indicate the species are the result of divergent evolution from a common ancestor that had the same traits that these two species share. b.The two species evolved as the result of two separate bottleneck events that reduced the existing populations to a few individuals who happened to have the same traits. c.The…
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Flightless birds on island often have relative on the mainland that can fly. The island species presumably evolved from fliers that, in the absences of predators, lost their ability to fly. Many island population of flightless birds are in decline because rats have been introduced to their previously isolated island habits. Despite current selection pressure in favor of flight, no flightless island bird species has regained the ability to fly. Why is this unlikely to happen?