Which statement best describes the relationship between the hypothalamus and obesity? Select an answer from the options below The hypothalamus stimulates the gene mutation that causes addiction, which contributes to overeating and obesity. The structure of the hypothalamus is changed by high-fat diets, which makes it harder for the body to regulate its weight. The hypothalamus controls the thyroid gland, which causes one to rapidly gain weight. The hypothalamus triggers

Which statement best describes the relationship between the hypothalamus and obesity? Select an answer from the options below The hypothalamus stimulates the gene mutation that causes addiction, which contributes to overeating and obesity. The structure of the hypothalamus is changed by high-fat diets, which makes it harder for the body to regulate its weight. The hypothalamus controls the thyroid gland, which causes one to rapidly gain weight. The hypothalamus triggers

Essentials of Pharmacology for Health Professions

7th Edition

ISBN:9781305441620

Author:WOODROW

Publisher:WOODROW

Chapter23: Endocrine System Drugs

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15CRQ

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Figure 37.11 Pancreatic tumors may cause excess secretion of glucagon. Type I diabetes results from the failure of the pancreas to produce insulin. Which of the following statement about these two conditions is true? A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will have the opposite effects on blood sugar levels. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hyperglycemia. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hypoglycemia. Both pancreatic tumors and type I diabetes result in the inability of cells to take up glucose.
Which is true regarding insulin secretion from the pancreas? Insulin secretion favors glycogenolysis. The presence of glucokinase is one factor that allows the pancreas to appropriately release insulin. Insulin is produced and released from the alpha cells in the islet of Langerhans. In a type I diabetic, the pancreas must secrete more insulin to deal with the increase in insulin resistance in peripheral tissues.
Describe the negative feedback control of blood glucose levels, and explain the roles of insulin and glucagon in regulating blood glucose levels. ANSWER SHOULD INCLUDE: Explain the meaning of "negative feedback control', Name the 2 hormones involved and which part of pancreas produces each one Explain the stimulus for release of each hormone. Explain the response to hyperglycaemia (what happens to glucose? Explain the meaning of term such as facilitated diffusion, glycogenesis , gluconeogenesis) Explain how blood glucose returns to normal (homeostasis) Explain the response to hyperglycaemia (what happens to glucose? What happens in glyconeogenesis?) In which organs do these events occur? Explain how blood glucose level returns to normal (homeostasis)
The chemical bisphenol-A (BPA) is used to make plastic bottles and to line cans. Evidence from animal experiments and epidemiological studies indicates that the risk of obesity rises with increased BPA intake. How might the endocrine-disrupting effects of such a chemical influence body weight?
You eat a sandwich and the components are: bread, cucumber, your choice of meat or non-meat protein (ex: tofu), cheese. Respond to the following questions regarding digestion and energy balance 1. What is the hormone ratio for glucagon and insulin after eating the sandwich. Create a graph of how blood glucose levels change within 20 minutes of eating the sandwich. . 2. What state(s) is your body in (circle one for each pair): post absorptive/absorptive, catabolic/anabolic, fasted/fed 3. Create a chart/drawing showing where digestion takes place for each component (bread/veggies, cheese, protein choice). • location • phase • absorbable unit one hormone/secretion/enzyme that aids in the process what organs contribute and if they are exocrine or endocrine cells participating
Which of the following correctly orders the steps of insulin secretion from the pancreas: Increased glucose passes into beta cells > Depolarziation opens calcium channels > ATP Levels increase > Potassium channels close due to ATP > insulin secretion ATP levels increase > Potassium channels close due to ATP > Increased glucose passes into beta cells > Depolarization opens calcium channels > insulin secretion Depolarization opens calcium channels > Increased glucose passes into beta cells > ATP levels increase > Potassium channels close due to ATP > insulin secretion Increased glucose passes into beta cells > ATP levels increase > Potassium channels close due to increased ATP > Depolarization opens calcium channels > insulin secretion
Select the numbers of the descriptors below that correctly describe the hormone thyroxine. Produced in the parathyroid gland Produced in the thyroid gland Increases the rate of fat, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism Increases the rate of calcium ion absorption Controlled by positive feedback Controlled by negative feedback Insufficiency results in fatigue and weight gain Insufficiency results in excess energy and weight loss Record your answers in ascending (lowest to highest) order.
Why is it that hormones act only on their target organs? Name hormones that have most body organs as their target organs. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism may lead to marked increase/ decrease, respectively, in body weight. Why is that so? Discuss the similarities and differences between thyroid hormone and steroid hormones. Illustrate the secretion of insulin hormone
Bodybuilders have been known to inject insulin to increase muscle mass because it stimulates protein anabolism. What is one of the risks associated with this practice in terms of K+ levels: elevated blood plasma K+ (hyperkalemia) or decreased blood plasma K+ (hypokalemia)? Could the practice of injecting insulin to increase muscle mass be fatal?
A group of students are participating in a 24-hour fast to raise money for the foodbank. Fasting refers to refraining from eating for a period of time. Select the answer that describes how the students’ bodies would respond to maintain homeostasis. Select one: a. The beta cells of the islets of Langerhans are producing glucagon to decrease blood glucose levels. b. The alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans are producing insulin to increase blood sugar levels. c. The alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans are producing glucagon to increase blood glucose levels. d. The beta cells of the islets of Langerhans are producing insulin to decrease blood sugar levels.
Which of the following statements concerning insulin is NOT true? O a. Insulin can increase glycogen synthesis. O b. C. O d. e. It is secreted by the beta cell of pancreas. The presence of insulin can increase glucose uptake. Glucose in blood can up-regulate its secretion. Insulin can increase gluconeogenesis.
Which is a result of consuming a diet deficient in iodine? Group of answer choices low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones due to reduced secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) by the pituitary gland low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones and an enlarged thyroid gland high plasma concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) due to a deficiency of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) high plasma concentration of thyroid hormones due to increased secretion of TSH by the pituitary gland low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones and atrophy of the thyroid gland due to reduced concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)