Q: Describe the autonomic innervation of the heart.
A: The heart is innervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres from the autonomic branch of the…
Q: Estimate the ejection fraction of the failing heart at a typical normal end-diastolic volume?
A: Ejection fraction estimation - It is the measurement of the amount of blood pump from left ventricle…
Q: What happens to the heart rate and cardiac output during exercise?
A: Heart rate and cardiac output are two key indicators of cardiovascular health. Heart rate, or the…
Q: Describe the spread of excitation from the SA node through the restof the heart?
A: In the mammalian heart, the heartbeat originated from the cardiac muscles. The heartbeat originated…
Q: Explain how an action potential occurs in cardiac contractile fibers.
A: The automatic rhythmicity of the heart is its ability to contract spontaneously and at regular rate.…
Q: Given heart rate = 72 bpm, stroke volume = 70 mL, calculate cardiac output.
A: Stroke volume: All the blood from body enters into right atrium from where it is pumped into right…
Q: Can the intraventricular septum prevents the electrical activity from stimulating the heart in a…
A: The intraventricular septum is present between two ventricles of the heart, generally preventing…
Q: Discuss that main factors that control heart rate?
A: We know that, Carotid arteries carry blood from the heart to the brain. They branch off from the…
Q: Cardiac output cannot increase indefinitely because (a) available filling time becomes shorter as…
A: The circulatory system is a blood vessels network that delivers blood to body's every part. Blood…
Q: What factors regulate heart rate during exercise? Stroke volume?
A: The cardiovascular system comprises the heart, blood vessels, and lungs. It is also named the…
Q: What would be the drawback of cardiac contractions being the same duration as skeletal muscle…
A: Cardiac muscles are specialized in the way that long action potentials are generated in the cardiac…
Q: Explain the term isovolumetric ventricular contraction?
A: The cardiac cycle in animals is the result of the atrial and ventricular contraction and relaxation…
Q: List the normal value for resting heart rate
A: The human circulatory system or the blood vascular system consists of a muscular chambered heart, a…
Q: Imagine that you are feeling very anxious as you walk to the podium to deliver a speech. If your…
A: Ans: Cardiac output: The cardiac out put is the amount of blood pumped by heart to different organs…
Q: What effect will an increase in parasympathetic activity have on heart rate, force of contraction,…
A: The Autonomic nervous system (ANS) has two interacting systems: the sympathetic and parasympathetic…
Q: What effects does the parasympathetic nervous system have on cardiac output?
A: The cardiovascular system plays the part in conveying the blood through vessels to and from all…
Q: Name the neurotransmitter released from parasympathetic nerve endings and what effect does this…
A: Neurotransmitters are body's chemical messengers used by the nervous system to transmit messages…
Q: Write the formula relating to heart rate
A: BASIC INFORMATION HEART It is a muscular organ. It is present in a space in between the lungs…
Q: Predict the potential effects of right-sided heart failure (failure of the right ventricle to pump…
A: When the right side of the heart does not pump blood as properly, the right sided heart failure…
Q: Parasympathetic stimulation also increases the delay between atrial and ventricular contractions.…
A: In physiology, the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the stimulation of…
Q: What forces drive the venous return to the heart?
A: Anatomy and physiology are the branches of biology, anatomy deals with the study of the structure of…
Q: Why is the plateau phase so critical to cardiac musclefunction?
A: The heart is a hollow muscular organ. It pumps the blood through the blood vessels of the…
Q: What is the relationship between cardiac output and venous return in the steady state?
A: Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped into the aorta by the heart per minute, and it is…
Q: If the duration of one pulse cycle is 0.5 seconds, what is the heart rate in beats per minute?
A: Pulse or pulse rate is the number of times heart beats in a minute
Q: What is the significance of atrio-ventricular node and atrio-ventricular bundle in the functioning…
A: Introduction Significance of atrioventricular node and atrioventricular bundle in the functioning of…
Q: Can you please explain in detail : is the ventricular afterload a determinant of cardiac…
A: Cardiac Output- This is the process in which blood volume used to ejected by the heart/ unit time.…
Q: How does the long plateau of the cardiac action potential develop and what is its functional role?
A: Hi, Thanks For Your Question. Answer : A Transient Shift In Voltage (Membrane Potential) Across The…
Q: If an individual had a disease that reduced the strength of cardiac muscle contraction, what aspect…
A: In vertebrates, cardiac muscle, also known as myocardium, is one of three major muscle groups found…
Q: Explain why it is more efficient for contraction of the ventricles to beginat the apex of the heart…
A: To answer this question we should have knowledge of Physiology.
Q: Which organs have an increased proportion of cardiac output during exercise? Which receive a…
A: Cardiac output is also called heart output. It describes the blood volume being pumped by the heart…
Q: how does the delay of the impulse at the atrioventricular node contrribute to cardiac function?
A: The AV node serves as an electrical relay station, slowing the electrical current sent by the…
Q: Occasionally an ectopic pacemaker will develop in part of the conducting system of the heart. What…
A: An ectopic pacemaker is a collection of excitable cells located outside of the heart's typically…
Q: If a person counts 13 pulse cycles in 10 seconds, what is the heart rate in beats per minute?
A: Heart beats and pulse rate are used by physicians for diagnosis of heart disorders and arterial…
Q: Calculate heart rate by counting the number of Large ecG Squares
A: The number of times a heart beats in a unit of time is called heart rate. Usually, it is measured as…
Q: Does the right ventricular stroke work index (RVSWI) measure the amount of work required by the…
A: Right ventricle is one of the four chambers of the heart which receives deoxygenated blood from the…
Q: What does the left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) measure?
A: Ventricular stroke work is the work done by a ventricle in pumping the blood in one cardiac cycle.…
Q: Describe the functional differences in the effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions…
A: The nervous system is an organ system in the body that can be divided into the central nervous…
Q: Describe the spread of the action potential through the heart’s conduction system.
A: A transient shift in voltage (membrane potential) across the cell membrane of heart cells is…
Q: How much of the total cardiac output may increase during the performance of heavy exercise?
A: The word "cardiac output" refers to the amount of blood pumped by the heart every minute. The…
Why must this change occur? (in reference to how does the heart rate differ before and after exercise?)
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Why is the rate of cardiac muscle relaxation faster when a positive inotropic agent is present?What is the cardiac output of a person with a resting stroke volume of 60 mL and a heartbeat of 80 bpm. (BONUS: Is the calculated cardiac output normal or abnormal?)Exercise-induced stress increases cardiac output and vasoconstriction, so why does the amplitude of the pulse change the way it does (compare this to what happens during the dive response)?
- Why is exercise heart rate crucial during cardiovascular exercise and how does this affect treatment?a) A consequence of the Frank-Starling law of the heart is that the outputs of the right and left ventricles match. Explain why this is important and how this match is made.b) The excitation-contraction matching mechanism within the heart muscle is different from that of the skeletal muscle. How might these differences be related to the difference between action potentials in cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?In conditioned athletes, the resting Heart Rate is generally much lower than in non-athletes. Why? a-because long-term exercise reduces Cardiac Output at rest to conserve energy b-because athletes have a smaller Stroke Volume at rest, causing Heart Rate to decrease as well c-because long-term exercise leads to increased vagal tone which slows Heart Rate d-because athletes have stronger ventricles and therefore a larger Stroke Volume at rest, so they require fewer bpm to achieve the same Cardiac Output
- Which of the following describes a long term effect of regular exercise on the cardiovascular system?I need to calculate the approximate heart rate based on the given ECG results, but I can't get how to determine the length of time between two consecutive R waves. What I see, it's one second between the two highest waves (I suppose they are R waves). But it means the heart rate should be 60 beats per minute, but there is no option for this answer. Teach me how to determine correctly the length of time between two consecutive R waves.Sue goes to the gym and after an initial warm-up, she increases her exercise level pushing herself to maximum. At this point her heart rate is 175 beats/min and her stroke volume is 135 ml/beat. What is her cardiac output now? At this point, by how many ml/min has her CO increased over her resting CO? What % increase over resting is this? (Use the following equation). amount of increase in CO in ml/min % increase = _____________ X 100% original CO (resting) ml/min What term is used to describe this increase in CO?
- Describe the functional differences in the effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system on the activity of the heart.Why is the plateau phase so critical to cardiac musclefunction?Describe the electrical event in the heart that occurs during each of the following: (a) the QRS wave of the ECG; (b) the T wave of the ECG; (c) the P-R interval of the ECG.