You are doing experiments in a lab to test a potential new drug (you are calling it “relaxomere”) for the treatment of hypertension. You perform your initial experiments on a section of artery that you have removed from your laboratory rats. You are extremely excited

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter7: The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1SQE

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: What is the main reason for archiving your phage? so that you could repeat the DNA isolation (for…

A: The answer is to store your phage long term so that anyone who accesses the phage database could…

Q: hat features of molluscs appear in other invertebrate phyla? Explain

A: The most common properties of mollusks are covers with various vital openings used for breathing and…

Q: For the following sequence, transcribe and translate the sequence into a protein. Be sure to…

A: Given strand is DNA template strand- 3'-TACCACCCCCTGAGTGCTGGGATC-5' Transcription of template Strand…

Q: 1. Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? 2. In your view, which cellular organelle…

A: Introduction Cell:- It is a mass of cytoplasm that is bound externally by a cell membrane, It is the…

Q: Crossing over gives genetic and happens during the stage of meiosis I.

A: Cell division happens when a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. There are two…

Q: Describe how presynaptic targets can be regulated to affect neurotransmitter release at the…

A: Definition of Synapse: The specialized junction at which a neuron communicates with a target cell…

Q: Solve in digital format to be able to pass it to word Look at the following scheme: why we say that…

A: Metabolism is defined as the entire quantity of biochemical events that occur in an organism's cells…

Q: Question 6-10: Choose the enzyme and match it to its function. Bubble the correct letter on the…

A: Primase is an RNA polymerase that requires ssDNA to make RNA primers during DNA replication.

Q: How antigen and antibody detection ELISA's similar and different?

A: ELISA or Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay are quantitative immmunological procedures in which the…

Q: Based on your understanding on the basic structure of fungi especially on the fungal cell membrane.…

A: Fungi Fungi are the uni to multicellular organisms and are non photosynthetic in nature.

Q: Fruit flies infected by fungi are protected by drosomycin and when infected by bacteria are…

A: Drosomycin is a peptide against the fungus infectant when it infact the Drosophila melanogaster or…

Q: Based on today’s science and medicine, when does the age of viability begin? a. between 8 and 12…

A: The viability of a fetus indicates that the fetus has a survival chance. As soon as the fetus…

Q: Which is most important in catalysis of peptidyl transfer? A Massively parallel sequencing data…

A: Peptidyl transferase is used in the process of translation where protein is synthesized. Proteins…

Q: Bioassay with Spirogyra and bacteria, pigments, photosynthetics T. W. Engelmann (1882) filament of…

A: Photosynthesis is the process that occurs in the presence of sunlight.

Q: Which statement is true about RNA polymerase (which is required for transcription)? A. RNA…

A: Transcription It is the process through which the sequences in strand of DNA forms into the…

Q: mechanisms of resistance to different xenobiotics (general groups of protection, efflux pumps,…

A: Xenobiotics are chemical substances in animal body which are not natural to be found in animal or…

Q: give examples of 4 different values of hematocrit and explain their meaning

A: Hematocrit is a measure of the percentage of red blood cells in the body. if a person has 50…

Q: How are watering plants related to the process of photosynthesis

A: Photosynthesis is an important process by which plants synthesise their food. The process of…

Q: Central self-tolerance in the immune system arises when maturing T cells in the thymus undergo…

A: Apoptosis is a process of natural cell death. T cells are matured in Thymus but are born in Bone…

Q: Pick the best answer choice from below:

A: During oxidative phosphorylation a total 2.5+1.5=4 molecules of ATP produced in one round. The NADH…

Q: David isolated 3 unidentified strains of bacteria from a patient's wound. He wants to determine if…

A: Lysogeny is the state where a host cell contains one or more prophages and lysogenic cells contains…

Q: Which of the following regarding aldosterone is false? the process leading to its release begin with…

A: The option 1 is correct as renin begins the cleavage of angiotensinogen to form angiotensin II. This…

Q: how the genes are related to intellectual disability in details

A: Answer :- As we know that incorporates Fragile X disorder (FXS), the most well-known acquired type…

Q: C3 pathway happens in this process. O Light Reaction O Calvin Cycle O Both Light Reaction and Calvin…

A: Introduction Photosynthesis is separated into two phases: photochemical and biosynthetic…

Q: Please help me with questions 1 & 2 1. In photosynthesis, the carbon in CO2 is ______ to form…

A: Photosynthesis is the physiochemical process.

Q: How does exercise influence postprandial lipemia and hyperglycemia? What is a mitochondrial…

A: Exercise also aids in the reduction and alleviation of pre-existing health problems. Exercising…

Q: Describe not just list 4 adaptations that allow plants to cope with these challenges, 2 for coping…

A: The transition of plants from water to land Liverworts are believed to be the first plants that…

Q: In certain regions, monk seals overturn rocks to catch prey underneath. But nearby sharks often…

A: Introduction Ecological interactions:- It is the relationship between two different or the same…

Q: When present, the TATA, CAAT and GC boxes are typically found within 100 - 150 bp upstream from the…

A: The TATA box is a conserved nucleotide sequence located around 25-30 base pairs upstream of the…

Q: Most have well defined 3' ends terminating in poly(A) tails of - 200 nt. A prokaryotic mRNAs B…

A: The 3' ends of RNA transcripts synthesised by RNA polymerase II are produced bynthe endolytic…

Q: O5-CAGCAUUA-3'

Q: Viruses cannot reproduce on their own, without the help of a living cell. Explain the basics of how…

A: A virus is an acellular nucleoprotein entity which is able to utilize the synthetic machinery of a…

Q: 9. Suppose you accidentally introduce a small plant-eating beetle into your self-contained…

A: You construct a self-contained ecosystem in a jar, following some instructions. Your ecosystem…

Q: Question 27 To make RNA the nucleic acid sequences get read in the directi -- Sense → Antisense O…

A: Nitrogen-containing bases, phosphate groups, and sugar molecules make up nucleic acids. Each nucleic…

Q: Choose the answer that best describes Allopatric Speciation. evolution that occurs when populations…

A: Allopatric speciation occurs when a population becomes isolated from those other populations due to…

Q: Differentiate concentrates from roughages and compare its utilization in animal feeding.

A: Animal nutrition is critical for animal health and welfare, as well as the production of safe and…

Q: . In order for a phage to infect the host bacterium, it is preferred that the cell wall is newly…

A: In order for a phage to infect the host bacterium, it is preferred that the cell wall is newly…

Q: Describe the features of the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane.

A: Cell membrane It is defined as the membrane that protects the cell from its environment by…

Q: 2. The largest population an ecosystem can support is the carrying capacity determine by the which…

A: Ans: 2 Carrying capacity, limiting factors Explanation: The largest population an ecosystem can…

Q: vessel. Viscosity has implications on the flow rate through a tube or vessel. Viscosity of plasma…

A: High viscosity of blood indicates the low blood flow and high blood pressure which is abnormal…

Q: What are nutritional disorders

A: Introduction :- Any nutrient-related disease or condition that causes illness in humans is referred…

Q: (a). What is the role of calcium ions and troponin during contraction in striated muscles of hum

A: Introduction - Myofibrils, which contain a specialised protein (myoglobin) and chemicals to deliver…

Q: Climate change, water and politics are 3 of the 10 fundamental environmental issues. Select one: O…

A: Earth is currently facing a lot of environmental concerns. The environmental problems like global…

Q: A 30 year old female who moved to the U.S. from Thailand 25 years ago has just suffered from an…

A: Answer :- Option (C) is correct. - Aging.

Q: A heart microslide demonstrates cells in the shape of pale chords, wh have few myofibrilla, glycogen…

A: The heart is a muscular organ that is essential for pumping blood and supplying nutrients, and…

Q: In an experiment to test the activity of lactase under different conditions, tubes containing…

A: Lactase, a sugar found in milk, is a digestive enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of lactose.…

Q: in what meitotic phase we can identify bridge abberation? anaphase I or Metapahse I?

A: During cell cycle breaks are induced after DNA synthesis . During chromatid abberation…

Q: What volume of 10X TBE buffer should you use to make 100mL of 1X TBE buffer? 10mL 1mL 0.1mL 100mL

A: TBE buffer stands for Tris-Borate-EDTA buffer. It is used for both agarose and polyacrylamide gel…

Q: To completely unfold a globular protein, use both A denaturant and reducing agent b smooth…

A: Spherical ("globe-like") proteins, also known as globular proteins or spheroproteins, are one of the…

Q: both complex I and complex II send electrons to cytochrome c, how many cytochrome c molecules will…

A: Electrons from Nadh pass through a flavoprotein to a series of iron sulphur proteins in complex I to…

Concept explainers

Muscle Action

A change in the body or a bodily organ as a result of its functioning is referred to as an action. Muscle action can be defined as the specific movement of a bodily part generated by the contraction of a muscle. The muscle proteins actin and myosin are the important contractile proteins involved in muscle action. Muscle contraction, in addition to movement, serves several other important functions in the body, including posture, heat generation, and joint stability. Muscle contraction maintains posture, which includes standing and sitting.

Question

You are doing experiments in a lab to test a potential new drug (you are calling it “relaxomere”) for the treatment of hypertension. You perform your initial experiments on a section of artery that you have removed from your laboratory rats. You are extremely excited because placing your arterial prep in a bath containing relaxomere results in significant increases in diameter as a result of smooth muscle relaxation. However, when you attempt to produce the same relaxing affect in smooth muscle cells that you have isolated from your arterial prep you get absolutely no response. You are very depressed until you recall a mechanism discussed in physiology class that could explain this result. Completely describe this mechanism.

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

This is a popular solution!

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

You are a world-famous muscle physiologist studying the control of smooth muscle in arterioles found in the human kidney. Your preparation includes an intact arteriole placed in an isotonic solution with a supply of glucose and oxygen to keep the tissue alive. Within the controlled bath, you can attach the arteriole to the end of a tube, and you control the pressure of fluid flowing through the tube. As you increase the pressure inside the arteriole, the arteriole constricts reflexively. Which vascular phenomenon does this example illustrate?
One of the toxins produced by Bacillus anthracis (the cause of anthrax) is known as EF, or edema factor (edema is the abnormal buildup of extracellular fluid). EF, which enters mammalian host cells, is a calmodulin- activated adenylate cyclase. Explain how this toxin causes edema.
How much time would it take ATP to diffuse the following distances? (Use the equation for mean squared displacement in 1 dimension.) A. 1 µm (roughly the size of a bacterium) B. 6 µm (roughly the diameter of a T cell) C. 1 m (roughly the length of the axon of the sciatic nerve, which extends from the spinal cord to the big toe) D. Besides diffusion, what other mechanisms might a neuron use to transmit signals and transport molecules?
Dr Renko studied diffusion of tracer molecules to study paracellular diffusion across an epithelial monolayer of Caco-2 cells. The tracers were fluorescently labelled dextran molecules of different molecular weight. She is screening various drugs to determine whether they affect the cells in any way. Which drugs are most likely to change paracellular diffusion? a.) Drugs that modify microvilli are the most likely to change paracellular diffusion b.) Drugs that modify gap junctions are the most likely to change paracellular diffusion c.) Drugs that modify with aquaporins are the most likely to change paracellular diffusion d.) Drugs that modify tight junctions are the most likely to change paracellular diffusion
You want to understand how the density of P-selectin in blood vessel walls affects the rolling interactions of neutrophils when they are subjected to hydrodynamic drag forces in the blood. You introduce P-selectin into a synthetic lipid bilayer and attach it to a glass slide mounted in a flow chamber. This arrangement allows you to measure neutrophil attachment at different densities of P-selectin and at different flow rates. At high densities, from 30 to 400 P-selectin molecules per µm², the neutrophils attached to the membrane and rolled very slowly and jerkily in the direction of the flow (see cell 1 in the figure). At the same flow rate, but at a density of 15 P-selectins per µm², the neutrophils behaved differently: they either moved at the flow rate of the medium or were transiently tethered-horizontal lines marked by t-before moving again (cell 2 in the figure). Neutrophils showed this same behavior at a density of 1 P-selectins per μm² and half the flow rate: moving at the flow…
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous molecule with lipid solubility similar to that of O2 and CO2. Endothelial cells lining arteries use NO to signal surrounding smooth muscle cells to relax, thereby increasing blood flow. What mechanism or mechanisms would transport NO from where it is produced in the cytoplasm of an endothelial cell into the cytoplasm of a smooth muscle cell, where it acts?
A rise in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration causes muscle cells to contract. in addition to an ATP- driven Ca2+ pump, muscle cells that contract quickly and regularly, such as those of the heart, have an additional type of Ca2+ pump—an antiport that exchanges Ca2+ for extracellular Na+ across the plasma membrane. The majority of the Ca2+ ions that have entered the cell during contraction are rapidly pumped back out of the cell by this antiport, thus allowing the cell to relax. ouabain and digitalis are used for treating patients with heart disease because they make heart muscle cells contract more strongly. both drugs function by partially inhibiting the Na+ pump in the plasma membrane of these cells. can you propose an explanation for the effects of the drugs in the patients? What will happen if too much of either drug is taken?
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane-conductance regulator) gene, which encodes the CFTR protein. The cells of the lining of the lungs contain high levels of the CFTR protein in their membranes. Normally, CFTR contains a chloride ion channel, which permits chloride ions to pass from inside the cells to the cells’ surfaces. The surface chloride ions are able to attract water in the lungs, allowing for the formation of a water layer on the cells’ surfaces. This thin water layer is necessary to allow the cilia, the tiny hairs on the surface of the lining cells to move back and forth easily. This motion permits the removal of mucus from the lungs. A particular error in the CFTR gene results in the replacement of the amino acid Phe with Ser at residue 508 of the CFTR protein. Individuals afflicted with CF most often experience the presence of thick, dry and sticky mucus in the lungs, leading to chronic infections and…
Usually , rates of diffusion vary inversely with molecular weights; so smaller molecules diffuse faster than do larger ones. In cells, however, calcium ion diffuses more slowly than does cAMP. Propose a possible explanation.
Inhibin and activin are similar molecules; however they have very different physiological roles. Discuss these differences.
The cystic fibrosis gene encodes a chloride channel protein necessary for normal cellular functions. Let us assume that if at least 5% normal channels are present, the affected individual has mild symptoms of cystic?
(e) Two ADP agonists (drugs) were also found to bind to platelets: 2-methylthio-ADP bound with a Kp of 7 µM and 2-(3-aminopropylthio)-ADP bound with a Kp of 200 µM. Can these drugs effectively compete with ADP for binding to platelets? Explain your answer.