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Concept explainers
Many circular apertures are adjustable, such as the pupil of your eye or the shutter of a camera. Describe the change in the diffraction pattern as such an aperture decreases in size.
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The reason of change in the diffraction pattern in case size of aperture decreases.
Answer to Problem 1PQ
Increase in the aperture size makes the central maximum smaller and decrease in the aperture size makes the central maximum larger.
Explanation of Solution
The diffraction pattern is generated when light pass through the circular aperture and form central bright spot and on both sides consecutive dark bright rings.
Write the equation of the angular radius of the central bright ring.
Here,
From the above equation, we can say that angular radius of the central ring is directly proportional to the wavelength of the light used and inversely proportional to the diameter aperture.
Conclusion:
Therefore, increase in the aperture size makes the central maximum smaller and decrease in the aperture size makes the central maximum larger.
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Chapter 36 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
- A telescope can be used to enlarge the diameter of a laser beam and limit diffraction spreading. The laser beam is sent through the eyepiece and out the objective, and can then be projected onto a satellite or the Moon. a. If this is done with the Mount Wilson telescope, producing a 2.1 m diameter beam of 690 nm light, what is the minimum angular spread, in radians, of the beam? b. Neglecting atmospheric effects, what is the diameter of the spot this beam would make on the Moon, assuming a lunar distance of 3.84×108 m?arrow_forwardBabinet's principle says that the diffraction pattern observed when light falls on an aperture of any shape is the same as that obtained when light falls on an object that is the complement of such aperture. A laser with a wavelength of 600 nm is incident on a hair, generating a diffraction pattern with a width of the principal maximum of 10 mm on a screen located 1 m away from the hair. What is the diameter of this wire?arrow_forwardA spy satellite circles Earth at an altitude of 200. km and carries out surveillance with a special high-resolution telescopic camera having a lens diameter of 35 cm. If the angular resolution of this camera is limited by diffraction, estimate the separation of two small objects on Earth’s surface that are just resolved in yellow-green lightarrow_forward
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- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
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