Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is a serious illness that can change people life in tremendous ways. OCD is when someone constantly focuses on the same thought or does something multiple times to calm them down. Obsessions are known as unwanted, annoying thoughts, images, or urges that causes a severe troublesome feeling. Compulsions is an OCD repetitive behavior someone uses to calm down to make the obsession go away. People with OCD constantly have to wash their hands, do something at a specific

on monoamine transmitters, including norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. Decreases in these transmitters, especially serotonin, were hypothesized to play an important role in the cause of depression (Breedlove & Watson, 2013). The serotonin hypothesis led to the development of selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which increase the amount of serotonin in the brain. Further research suggests that the serotonin hypothesis is not entirely accurate and the neurobiology of depression

Dysthymic Depression Definition An individual has persistent and chronic depression, occurring more often than not for two years. A remission of symptoms cannot be longer than 2 months. Causes • Major Depressive Disorder • A strong link between neuroendocrine abnormalities and dysthymic depression has been established Risk factors • Genetic • Alterations in neurotransmitters • Long term stress • Chronic medical conditions • Social isolation • Ineffective coping strategies • Other psychological

sufferers worldwide8,10,11. Although it is described with feelings of low mood, inadequacy, guilt, low self-worth, loss of motivation, interest, pleasure and concentration; it is also associated with a functional deficit of the monoamine transmitters (serotonin and noradrenaline) in certain brain regions such as amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex6,10. It can also induce biological symptoms like retardation of thought and action as well as sleep disturbances, loss of appetite and libido and if left

Fear and anxiety are feelings that are natural human responses. These feelings are necessary in humans and animals for survival and to deal with dangerous and stressful events. They/such feelings help individuals cope with adverse or unexpected situations. However, there are certain individuals who will experience these feelings on a daily basis for long periods of time. The constant fear and anxiety interferes with individual’s daily lives and it is then when these feelings become a mental health

depression induced by reserpine was used to evaluate whether caffeine could treat depression or exaggerate it. The present data revealed that the daily reserpine treatment for 30 days induced a significant decrease in the cortical and hippocampal serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine levels. In addition, a decrease in the motor activity was observed. This was indicated from the data of the open field test that exhibited a significant decrease in the number of line crossings, number of rearings and

1. Escitalopram is an anti-depressant belonging to the class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and is used to treat depressive and anxiety disorders (Garnock-Jones & Mccormack, 2010). It is prescribed by doctors as a primary treatment for these disorders, in the form of tablets or an oral solution (Garnock-Jones & Mccormack, 2010). The usual prescribed dosage of escitalopram starts at ten milligrams per day, but can be increased depending on the patient’s response to the treatment

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is an anxiety disorder that is characterized by excessive, uncontrollable and often irrational worry about everyday things that is disproportionate to the actual source of worry. This excessive worry often interferes with daily functioning, as individuals suffering GAD typically anticipate disaster, and are overly concerned about everyday matters such as health issues, money, death, family problems, friend problems, relationship problems or work difficulties.[1]

Major Depressive Disorder is defined as a “moderate-to-severe mood disorder in which a person experiences only major depressive episodes but no hypomanic, manic, or mixed episodes” (Butcher, Hooley, & Mineka, 2014, p. 618). Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is also referred to Major Depression. MDD is also “characterized by a combination of symptoms that interfere with a person’s ability to work, sleep, study, eat, and enjoy once-pleasurable activities. Major depression is disabling and prevents a

inability to concentrate and reduced apatite. This symptomology is due to proinflammatory cytokines which have a very similar pathway to neurotransmitters ie serotonin indicating that more research is needed to fully explain causes of depression3. Other research has shown however that ADT did not dramatically effect mood indicating that levels of serotonin may not actually have a direct influence on depression more a predisposing or contributory factor4. The evidence from ADT research