Practice Exam 4 BIOL111

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Texas A&M University *

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111

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Biology

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Apr 27, 2024

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BIOL 111-501:511 Instructor: Dr. Wright Name___________________________________ Final Exam PRACTICE EXAM (new content ONLY) MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) What would occur if the activator of an inducible operon ( like CAP of the lac operon ) was mutated so it was always bound to its specific regulatory sequence upstream of the promoter? A) Continuous transcription of the operon's genes. B) Continuous increased transcription of the operon's genes when the repressor was not bound to the operator. C) No transcription of the operon's genes. D) Decreased transcription of the operon's genes. E) Irreversible binding of the repressor to the operator. 2) A couple wants to have two children. What is the likelihood that both children will be girls? A) 1/3 B) 1/4 C) 1 D) 1/2 E) 1/8 3) Identical twin are both 6'1", but one weighs 170lbs and has a body mass index (BMI) of 22 and the other weighs 230lbs and has a BMI of 30. BMI would be an example of a ____________________ trait. A) influential B) pleiotropic C) modifiable D) multifactorial E) polygenic 4) A cross between two true-breeding parents that express different traits for two characteristics is known as a A) monohybrid cross B) dihybrid cross C) reciprocal cross D) double cross E) test cross 5) The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis is known as A) reduction division B) aneuploid C) recombination D) euploid E) nondisjunction 6) Under what conditions does transcription of the trp operon occur? A) when the repressor binds to the inducer B) when the repressor binds to tryptophan C) when the repressor is not bound to tryptophan D) when the repressor binds to the promoter E) when the repressor is bound to the operator

7) The central dogma states that A) RNA --> DNA --> protein B) protein --> DNA --> RNA C) DNA --> protein --> RNA D) DNA --> RNA --> protein E) protein --> RNA --> DNA 8) How many amino acids will the protein translated from this sequence have? A) 16 B) 7 C) 9 D) 8 E) 10 9) Use the Genetic Code table provided. to translate the first 3 amino acids of the protein that will be synthesized from this sequence. A) met-asp-his B) met-ser-asp C) thr-ala-his D) ser-asp-his E) none of the above 10) The enzyme that reads the template strand of DNA and attaches the complementary RNA nucleotides is A) nuclease B) RNA polymerase C) transcription factor D) DNA polymerase E) ribozyme

11) The Law of Independent Assortment states that A) different and traits are inherited independently B) chromosomes move independently during meiosis C) genes are linked to each other and are not randomly assorted into gametes D) each gamete only receives one allele for each gene E) each gamete receives multiples alleles for each gene 12) You need to determine the linkage map for 3 genes, A, B, & C. Use the below recombination frequencies to determine the correct linkage map. A to B = 26.2% B to C = 17.4% A to C = 8.5% A) C -- B -- A B) B -- A -- C C) C -- A -- B D) A -- C -- B E) A -- B -- C 13) The observable traits expressed by an organism are described as its ____________________. A) phenotype B) ploidy C) alleles D) genotype E) genes 14) Which of these is/are produced during the process of transcription ? A) tRNA and rRNA only B) mRNA and polypeptides only C) mRNA only D) mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA E) polypeptides 15) From left to right: human cheek cells, human nerve cells, human red blood cells. Why do these three cells, taken from the same human, have different functions? A) They have differential gene expression patterns B) They use a different genetic code C) They have different sets of genes D) They have different numbers of genes E) All of the above

16) The below image shows an original sequence of DNA and then its mutated sequence of DNA. What specific type of mutation has occurred? A) There is not enough information to tell B) Deletion chromosomal mutation C) Insertion frameshift mutation D) Substitution point mutation E) Insertion point mutation 17) A trait that is determined by two or more genes is a ____________________ trait. A) pleiotropic B) polygenic C) complete dominant D) codominant E) recessive 18) A couple wants to have two children. They are hoping to have one boy and one girl but don't care about birth order. What is the likelihood that they will have one boy and one girl (in any order)? A) 1/4 B) C) 1 D) 1/2 E) 1/8 19) Post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotes involves all of the following EXCEPT: A) removal of introns B) spliceosome activity C) addition of the 5' cap D) addition of a poly-T tail E) all of the above are part of the modification process 20) The proteins that recruit the enzyme to the promoter during initiation of transcription are A) initiation factors B) DNA hooks C) promoter binding proteins D) RNA synthesizing factors E) transcription factors 21) In eukaryotic cells, transcription takes place in the ____________________ and translation takes place in the ____________________. A) nucleus; nucleus B) nucleus; cytosol C) cytosol; cytosol D) cytosol; nucleus

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