Field Engineer Relation Essay

Hydraulic fracturing is also known as “fracking” is a technique which involves drilling down, then horizontally as far as 10,000 feet below the surface to release natural gasses stored in the sedimentary rock known as Shale. The channel is then encased with concrete or occasionally steel to allow millions of gallons of water to be injected into the wellbore. Most water used in fracking comes from surface water sources such as rivers, lakes, or other accessible bodies of water nearby. Not only is there water being funneled into the wellbore, but also a mixture of sand and other chemicals. When the high-pressure mixture is injected underground it fractures the Shale around the wellbore and creates fissures. The fissures are then held open with

Hydraulic fracturing is the propagation of fractures in a rock layer caused by the presence of a pressurized fluid. (wiki 2011). This occurs naturally in nature, but the Hydraulic fracturing that I will speak of in this paper is a process being used by gas companies nationwide. Fracking is currently regulated by the EPA under the clean water act of 2005 (EPA.gov). However, this only partially governs the methods of injecting fluids and the retrieval of such fluids into the earth. It does not govern the types of chemicals that

Hydraulic fracturing also called fracking has been around for many years despite the recent events of controversy to continue fracturing or not. With the earth’s resources depleting rapidly every year and no sufficient replacement for energy humanity needs fracking. The process of fracking has been around for more than six decades. Fracking has been around since the 1940s and was created to increase the removal flow of oil and natural gas. In the words of chemical engineer Robert Rapier “Fracking involves pumping water, chemicals, and a proppant down an oil or gas well under high pressure to break open channels in the rock holding the oil or gas (Rapier).” A proppant can be different materials,

In the process of fracking, the first step is to drill a hole deep into the earth vertically and then to drill horizontally and put in a steel pipe. According to EnergyFromShale.org, water, sand and other chemicals are fed down a thin pipe, or surface casing at high pressure to create cracks in the ground to release any trapped oil. A ton of water is used in this process. EnergyFromshale.com states that almost one-hundred percent of the materials used is water and part sand. According to dangersoffracking.com, one to eight million gallons of water are used for just one fracture per day. It is also stated that forty thousand gallons of chemicals are used to help the flow of the water. That is an immense amount of materials

With the age of constant industrial and technological growth has come the necessity for not only cost effective and efficient methods for industry, but also the need for obtaining fuel for the machines that make the modern world possible. Oil has become as precious a commodity as gold, if not more so; its attainments constantly driving the world's largest businesses and governments across the world into action. Naturally, a "quick-fix" solution to this problem is constantly sought after by oil companies wishing to provide oil on a massive scale. One of these drilling methods is known as induced hydraulic fracturing (also known as fracking).

‘Hydraulic fracturing/fracking is the process of injecting liquid at high pressure into subterranean rocks, boreholes, etc. to force open existing fissures and extract oil or gas’ (Oxford dictionaries, 2015).

Unlike traditional oil or gas drilling, hydraulic fracturing uses a combination of chemically treated water and salt to break shale rock; this releases oil or gas that would not be accessible with traditional drilling methods. The oil or gas is then displaced by the water and salt and eventually collected

Hydraulic fracturing in combination with advancement in directional drilling has made it possible to economically extract oil and gas from unconventional resources. The growth in U.S. oil and gas exploration and production made possible by the increase in use of hydraulic fracturing, has raised concerns about its potential to impact human health and the environment. Concerns have been raised by the public about the effects of hydraulic fracturing on quality and quantity of drinking water resources. The hydraulic fracturing water cycle includes five main activities: the withdrawal of ground or surface water needed for hydraulic fracturing fluids; the mixing of water, chemicals, and proppant on the well pad to create the hydraulic fracturing fluid; the injection of hydraulic fracturing fluids into the well to fracture the formation, the return of injected fluid and water produced from the formation to the surface; and the reuse, treatment and disposal of wastewater generated at the well pad, including produced water (U.S. EPA, 2015). With the water cycle being so massive and prolonged, the presence of potential negative impacts is greatly increased.

Hydraulic fracturing also known as fracking is the process in which companies like BP or Exxon Mobile use to extract natural gas and oil from rocks that lie deep within the earth’s surface. They use a very large drill and inject millions of gallons of chemicals, which is incased with toxic chemicals at a high enough pressure to break through the rocks called shale to release these gasses (Food & Water Watch, 2012).

According to an article in The New York Times, hydraulic fracturing is best described as the technique used to drill down into the earth using a high pressure water mixture to fracture the rocks and extract the natural gas and oil. Approximately one million wells have been fracked since the 1940’s, most of these are vertical wells that drill into porous sandstone or limestone. New technology has allowed for horizontal drilling to capture gas from shale rock. Water, sand and other chemicals are injected into the rock at a high pressure to create the fractures that release the gas. The chemicals added to the water dissolve minerals, kill bacteria that may plug up the well and

Fracking is one step in the process to retrieve oil and gas from that has been trapped in rock formation underground for millions of years. Having access to layers in the earth that tradition methods could not reach, allows us to access natural gas that couldn’t be reached. It is often used in horizontal drilling so extract as much as possible. A vast majority of wells that will be drilled for either oil or gas will receive fracking treatment. There is a fluid used in the fracking procedure that is pumped into the rock layer of the earth and it helps to relieve pressure on the rock so that way gas and oil can flow through it more easily. There has been great concern about the fluids being pumped into the earth and contaminating the water sources. Livescience.com states The vertical well is then encased in steel and/or cement to

Hydraulic fracturing, which is commonly referred to as Fracking, is a term used in the Oil and Gas Industry and describes a technique which is used to extract oil and gas from deep underground. This method involves a mixture of high-pressured water, sand and chemicals that are injected into the shale rock below the earth’s surface, which then releases the gases that are trapped underground.

Hydrochloric acid and Carcinogens. All these chemicals are mixed together to form a fracking fluid. Creating this chemical fracking fluid cost approximately 40,000 gallons of water for each fracturing well.

Fracking in CSG mining is a process where a mixture of water, sand and additives are pumped under pressure into a coal seam to open up already existent cracks in the coal strata. Fracturing fluid is 97%-99% sand and water, with a small amount of commonly used biodegradable compounds to prevent bacterial growth and turn the fluid into a gel so it can be pumped more easily ("What is coal seam gas? - NSW Resources and Energy", 2016). The CSIRO suggests the components of fracturing fluid are: guar gum, sodium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide, ammonium persulphate, ethanol, acetic acid and sodium carbonate.

Many engineers work in laboratories, industrial plants, or construction sites where they inspect, supervise, or solve onsite problems. (Britannica 244) Engineering itself has a sort of chain of command in the way a project is handled. It follows in the