The French Revolution was a huge turning point in European history, and characterized the modern European society we know today. The French Revolution was a moment of demarcation in government between the pre-modern and the modern world. This essay will examine the effects of the French Revolution by analyzing the changes in government before, during, and after 1789. Before the storming of the Bastille in Paris, the people of France were ruled under an absolute monarchy, with King Louis XVI as their ruler. Under this absolute monarchy, the king had unrestricted power, and he could use that power however he sees fit. The king would do anything to establish his royal authority including sending people of the ordinary estate to prison. In a journal …show more content…
This statement shows how poorly people of the lower class were treated, and how corrupt this system of government is on the people of France. Once the French monarchy faced bankruptcy in 1787, the Estates General was called, and a new form of government was formed called the National Assembly. This government was composed of members of the third estate, because they were the only estate that had to pay taxes when they were already poor. The National Assembly was the rightful representatives of the French people, who demanded tax reform and greater political equality. In a report of the British Ambassador, the Duke …show more content…
Now in the revolution, the Reign of Terror was established as a governmental way to get rid of enemies of the revolution. The Terror established a revolutionary government, which was encouraged by two political groups: the Girondins and the Jacobins. The French government established the Committee of Public Safety to gain more military forces. Danton, a Girondin, ruled the committee until he was executed. Then Robespierre, a Jacobin, took over for Danton. In a speech given to the National Convention in 1794, Robespierre says, “To found and consolidate democracy…we must end the war of liberty against tyranny and pass safely across the storms of the revolution…what is the fundamental principle of the democratic or popular government…? It is virtue…virtue without terror is fatal; terror without virtue is powerless” (Speech by Robespierre in February 1794). Robespierre was trying to consolidate democracy by continuing the revolution through the Terror. Without the use of terror, we would not have virtue, which is what makes a government democratic. The terror was an effort to establish a democracy as we have in the modern era. As the revolution became more uncontrolled, revolutionaries who were not in support of the committee were executed by the guillotine, including Robespierre. After the Terror, a government known as the Directory
The French Revolution was a series of struggles regarding economic and social issues under rule of Louis XVI in 18th century. As a result of the Revolution, there was a shift towards radical changes apropos to the desire for a new historical beginning in revolutionary France. The adoption of the new calendar was created to in hopes to introduce these new republican values, bring about new ideas of de-Christianization, and to celebrate a new marking in French history. This progressive era was a time of radical change in France, where the traditional values and practices were slowly being abolished, which caused many contrary reactions to break out within the people.
Another example of the French Revolution not embodying Enlightenment principles is by denying the citizens the right to overthrow the government with the Reign of Terror. The Reign of Terror was a period from 1793-1794, and during that period of time, “the committee often had these “enemies” tried in the morning and guillotined in the afternoon...The “enemies of the Revolution”...were fellow radicals who challenged his (Robespierre) leadership...Thousands of unknown people also were sent to their deaths, often on the flimsiest of charges. For example, an 18-year-old youth was sentenced to die for cutting down a tree that had been planted as a symbol of liberty” (Modern World History textbook, pages 226-227). This horrendous act of mass murder during the French Revolution was caused
During the period 1789-1806, one of the unusual manifestations of the French Revolution was the adoption of a completely new calendar; 'The Calendar of Reason’. It was divided into twelve months of thirty days each which symbolized their separation from the old style. One of the reasons for the calendar consisted on the rejection of numerous holidays, religious and politic oppressiveness and some reactions included people honoring to the new adoption while other arguing over the cruelty they were brought upon.
In my view no one should be under one ruler because the one ruler only cares about himself. The British did not care about the colonist. The British wanted the colonist to pay for the debt they had after the French and Indian war. The only way to do that was by making Acts, taxes, so the colonist can pay for the debt the British were in.. The colonist had every right to push for revolution, even though they were subjects of the British crown. King George III did not do very well in protecting their interests. The colonist had every right to push for revolution especially, when the British had George Grenville, one of the ablest men in Great Britain, to make Acts, the Currency, Sugar, and Stamp Acts so the colonist could pay for them.
Revolutions are often started as a response to an unjust form of government, and the Reign of Terror’s new revolutionary government was no exception. Although the revolutionary government was meant to replace a tyrannical government, it quickly turned into the dictatorial government it tried to replace and in many cases stepped far outside of the bounds of lawful or just action. During late 18th century France in the time period between the execution of King Louis XVI and the execution of Maximilien de Robespierre, the Reign of Terror senselessly guillotined thousands of people. Conditions in France in 1793 and 1794 were not serious enough to justify the revolutionary government’s response due to the response to external threats, response to internal threats, and the extreme methods deployed.
During the reign of King Louis XVI, France was going through severe economic crisis. France was in debt from war and helping America in the American Revolution, and poor harvests inflated the prices of bread, causing poor people to starve. Most importantly, the unfair tax system forced the lower class to pay all of the taxes. On June 20, 1789, powerful men from the third estate walked out of a meeting with the Estates General and vowed to create a new constitution (BE). Many people, like the nobility, Catholic Church, conservative, and foreign monarchs, disliked the reforms. To deal with the opposition, the French Revolution made a radical turn under the control of Maximillian Robespierre. Robespierre was the chief prosecutor who got Louis
The French Revolution was a turning point that changed Europe and its history completely. It changed the composition of society and how France is run today. It was looked at as a possibility for different varieties of societies later on in the future. There were multiple causes that led up to the French Revolution. One cause was considered to a be political battle between the monarchy and the nobles.
This would be different from a monarchy, since generally, monarchs do not take the people's wishes into consideration. This statement is made aware and seen in The Declaration of Rights of Men in article 14, it states, “All the citizens have a right to decide, either personally or by their representatives, as to the necessity of the public contribution; to grant this freely; to know to what uses it is put; and to fix the proportion, the mode of assessment and of collection and the duration of the taxes.”. (evidence packet) In this case, the article is stating that with representatives the people will be able to have more control on how they will live their lives. The government governed in many unfair ways, and even though many people were not educated, they knew they were being oppressed and wanted reforms made. France, was an absolutist country, which enabled the king to make any decision that he wanted. The kings had managed to tame the nobles and all bureaucrats were loyal and would do what the king told them. This did not leave any room for the third estate, people other than the nobles and priests, to have an opinion on how they were governed. When the people realized that the king would make
Robespierre, the most famous French Revolutionary, believes “We must smother the internal and external enemies of the Republic or perish…”(Document G). Began in 1789, the French Revolution began as an attempt to form a new government in France. This gruesome period was the Reign of Terror. This was where the people of France, which was consisted of peasants and workers and was led by Maximilien Robespierre, rallied for “Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity.” To put it differently, was the French Revolution necessary? In my opinion, the Reign of Terror in France was not justified based on the threats, methods, and ideals of the revolution.
In the early 1790’s during The French Revolution a series of laws and policies were put into decree. They were put into command overtime because the burden of governing the country of France was becoming too high risk. Thus, the sans-culottes, with The Committee of Public Safety, ushered the Convention into “The Terror,” all while trying to fulfill the principles of liberty, fraternity, and equality. These laws and policies of the radical republic attempted to fulfill the revolutionary principles through things such as: more stringent economic measures, cracking down on manipulation of the marketplace, and the elimination of women’s clubs. These policies, among others, will be discussed in further detail throughout the paper. It was believed by revolutionary thinkers that a period of state sanctioned terror was necessary because without it there would have been fear of counter-revolutions getting in the way of
1. There were multiple causes of the French Revolution. One cause was considered to be political battle between the Monarchy and the nobles. Nobles favored certain privileges like no taxes, having power and freedom, etc. Another cause is the fact that Louis XVI was an inefficient ruler.
The impact of this event was that it led to the Storming of the Bastille, which was the next risk the French people
This essay peels through the layers of the remarkable years from 1789 through to 1794 to explore the catalysts of that period of the French Revolution characterized by political repression and widespread violence known as la Terreur, or, The Reign of Terror. The French Revolution, which initially saw an overthrow of the dictatorship of Louis XVI, was a period of time when France descended into a stage of political purges and indiscriminate martial law where many innocent civilians were killed. This essay investigates the causes for this unfortunate turn in the trajectory of the revolution. These causes are the storming of Bastille, the
The French Revolution (1789-1814) was a period that affected the outcome of world history tremendously. This is considered a major turning point in European history which has led to dramatic changes in France and other regions of the world. Various social and political issues led to the start of the revolution. Politically, France suffered under the rule of Louis XVI, who ruled by absolute monarchy. Many people had their natural rights renounced and weren’t able to have a political voice. Socially, France had divided its population within 3 estates (classes). French citizens took it upon themselves to remodel their country 's’ political structure. The French Revolution had encountered both positive and negative effects. However, many Europeans viewed the Revolution as much more than just a bloody massacre. The French Revolution was used to demonstrate new ideology that would emphasize the principles of liberty and equality throughout Europe.
During the Old Regime, France was ruled by Louis XVI under an absolute monarchy where the population was divided into three estates. The first was composed of the clergy, the second of the aristocracy and the third of the peasants. Each estate had one vote to cast for each decision and the clergy and the aristocracy would always outvote the third estate when it came to protecting their rights and the third estate would never benefit from this voting system. The third estate became the National Constituents Assembly in hopes of reforming the voting system. The