Joe Marelli. Psy 230¬¬ - Spring 2017 - Paper Assignment,

In response to the question set, I will go into detail of the study, consisting of the background, main hypotheses, as well the aims, procedure and results gathered from the study; explaining the four research methods chosen to investigate,

Research Results. The main findings of the study were separated into four separate categories, one for the competence of the participants, one for the liking of the participant, one for the objectification of women, and one for the physical distancing in the waiting room. In relation to the competence of the participants results revealed that those in the tampon conditioning rated their partner’s competence much lower than those in the hairclip conditioning. However, there was no main effect when it came to gender. This means that men and women were influenced equally. In relation to “self” competence there was no main effect for condition or gender. Therefore, the manipulation only affected how the participants saw their partners not

The methodology was described with the data collection method. Quantitative and qualitative questionnaire which consisted of closed questions with a choice of fixed answers and free text to enhance qualitative data were sent out in the form of mailshot, followed by telephone call to non-respondents and it was repeated for more wider sample results to gain more evidence to reduce bias (Parahoo, 2006).

Social forces influence our daily lives regardless of our awareness to them. This understanding illustrates the sociological imagination which challenges accepted beliefs and encourages questioning certain practises. Generally, society accepts what they are told about what it means to be a female. We rarely question practises that degrade females despite the blatant diminishing of women being frowned upon. The objectification of women can not be solely blamed on men as both genders contribute to the sexualization of women.

The information is presented in a direct manner, lacking unnecessary information, and written in a style which is easy for a range of readers to understand. They provide a thorough description of the development of the instrument, the norm population used, and an example of the survey, thus enabling the study to be replicated. A table of the frequencies and percentages of respondents’

The type of data the author collected were questionnaires that were given to the participants of the study to obtain demographic data on each participant’s age, race, marital status, education, and their knowledge of the

In this chapter the results obtained from the analysis of data collected (previous chapter) are discussed in relation to the aims and objectives of the study. The study attempts to answer the following research questions:

Data used in this study is from a previously prepared collection for a different study and hence does not require any instruments. Use of Microsoft Excel and graphpad, an online software, helped in calculating the results and analyzing the data.

In the American culture, women are frequently viewed and seen by others as sexual items, with attraction and slenderness, which is highly praised. Sexualized assessment is regularly established through one’s look or of an examination of the body (Kaschak, 1992). In the world today, women are seen to be objectified through commercials and music videos. This is mainly portrayed through the media. Nowadays, it is very common to see women objectified in various ways.

Radical changes in modern society have decreased the intense constraints gender stereotypes once had. Stereotypes are generalizations about a group of persons, in this case, gender roles fit under the stereotype branch as they are expectations based off of society’s views of either sex. Thus, forming social constructs; the generalization and expectations held by a group or person due to society. Gender is the traits one picks up based on what sex they are; for example, the social construct of masculinity and femininity are gender roles that are derived from the stereotypes passed down from society. In contrast, sex is the body parts one has that has the primary function of reproduction (Source A).

Objectification theory, first proposed by Barbara Frederickson and Tomi-Ann Roberts in 1997, provided other psychologist with the framework for understanding experience women have through the context of sociocultural aspects that sexually objectifies the female body (Szymanski, Moffitt, & Carr, 2011, p. 6). Many references to the female body equate a woman’s worth with how well she fits within the socially ideal body type and how she functions sexually. Frederickson and Roberts (1997) presented the notion that women were sexually objectified and were seen as only valuable if they have a use to others. They also proposed that women’s body parts were seen as separate from their entire selves and viewed as the point of male desire. The objectification

The demographics questionnaire was designed specifically for this research. The following nine items were included:

Ecological feminists (Gaard, Heller) argue that culture defines the connection of women and nature. Men are as much part of nature as women are. However, the patriarchal culture identifies women with body, sex, irrationality, passivity, and earth. It is decided that women are closer to nature. Men identify with spirit, mind, action, and power; they are rational, stable, reliable, and intelligent.

Statistical data were collected by using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences using a paired variance t-test (comparing before - after). An independent t - test was also used for comparison between the two groups (equal variance). The results were reported as mean ± SD.

The objective of this chapter is to describe the procedures used in the analysis of the data and present the main findings. It also presents the different tests performed to help choose the appropriate model for the study. The chapter concludes by providing thorough statistical interpretation of the findings.