Nursing Models : Nursing Model

Nursing theories have been a fundamental tool used to explain, guide and improve the practice of nursing. Theorists have contributed enormously to the growth of nursing as a profession. The four grand theorists I chose are Virginia Henderson, Peplau, Myra Levine and Jean Watson. These theorists have contributed tremendously in the field of nursing through their theories, and research. One thing the theorists have in common is that they are patient centered. They are all concerned on ways we can improve our responsibility to the patients, their families and the environment. They have different ideas but they are all aiming towards achieving the same goal, which is patient satisfaction and safety. Their differences are in their areas of

Care delivery models are an integral component for delivering patient care. With the collaboration of other members of the healthcare team, the Registered nurse is able to fully optimize his/her skill sets to provide to best quality care. As discussed consistency and coordinated care are the key. Studies must be conducted and evidence base practice must be implemented in order to find the model that is suitable for a particular unit. How models are implemented in an organization can be highly variable. Completion of this assignment has enlightened me on the profound impact that care models have in the flow of a unit. Newer models

Over the past 30 years nursing has evolved from a task-oriented to a logical and systematic approach to care, using theories and models to guide practice. According to Jasper (2007, p117) theories of decision making in medicine tend to favour logical, precise analytical models which are held to be testable, unambiguous and repeatable, therefore satisfying scientific principles. These represent important ideas of certainty and rationality that are intended to provide a sense of security and reliability. When used correctly a nursing model should give direction to nurses working in a particular area, as it should help them understand more fully the logic behind their actions. It should also act as a guide in decision-making and so reduce conflict within the team of nurses as a whole. This in turn should lead to continuity and consistency of the nursing care received by patients according to Pearson et al (1999,p ).

Examine the underlying assumptions, values, and beliefs of various nursing models, and how the major concepts, are

Kristen M. Swanson’s Caring Theory is the solution in bridging the gap between nursing practice and theory. It offers an explanation of the links between patient well-being and the caring process (Tonges & Ray, 2011). Swanson explained that nurses should be able to demonstrate that they care about their patients, and that caring about their wellbeing is as important as their patients’ current medical problem (Tonges & Ray, 2011).

A PPM serves to guide nursing practice. The first step to developing a model is to identify a nursing theory or theories that best represent the philosophy of the organization and its nurses. The nurses at BWH based their PPM on the Relationship-based Care (RBC) model (“Professional Practice”, 2016). RBC categorizes care delivery into 6 dimensions: “leader- ship, teamwork, professional nursing practice, care delivery, resource-driven care, and outcome measures” (Winsett and Hauck, 2011, p. 286). Watson’s Theory of Human Caring, Swanson’s Theory of Caring, and the Dingman

The two theories that have helped to form my personal perspective on nursing are Erickson; and Rogers. Helen Erickson’s model is based on caring for an individual patient based on their own unique needs and perspective (Nursing Theories and Models, 2017). Erickson’s model took concepts from several other theorists such as Maslow, Padget, Seyle, and Lazarus and combined them to create a nursing model that takes care of each individual patient based on their needs ( Reed, 2017). This theory helps me to be more cognizant of the individual needs of my patient, not all patients regardless of disease process are the same. Each patient may have different underlying factors or circumstances that affect their health and current situation. Rogers’ theory is broader, viewing nursing as both an art and science, promoting health and wellbeing to patients regardless of where they are (Nursing Theories and Models, 2017). The science of nursing involves the knowledge and research of nursing, and the art is applying that science for the betterment of the patient. This theory views an individual as part

Nursing theory is assumed as the body of information, which is used to assist the nursing practice. Nursing models are created with theories and perceptions. They are used to assist nurses assess, plan and implement patient care by delivering an outline within which to work. Nursing models also assist the nurses to accomplish consistency and unified care. This presentation shall examine the importance of Dr. Jean Watson’s theory of caring in today’s nursing practice, its relation to metaparagidm concepts and how the theory help us to improve the current nursing practices.

Team nursing as a care delivery model was developed in New York, NY in 1950s. This nursing care model consists of a group of nurses who work alongside as a team to provide patients’ care. The team shares responsibility and collaborates efficiently. The team leader is usually an RN (King, 2013).

Nursing is a unique profession which is built upon theories that guide everyday nursing practice. According to Taylor, Lillis, & Lynn (2015), “Nursing theory differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities in that it serves the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices” (p. 27). Many nurses may unknowingly apply a theory or a combination thereof, along with critical thinking to get the best outcome for a patient. Theories are used in practice today because they have been supported by research and help the profession uphold its boundaries. Most nursing theories consist of four concepts which are the patient, the environment, health, and nursing. Each patient is at the center of focus and they have the right to determine what care will be given to them using informed

It is a less efficient model because of time spent in coordinating, delegating, and supervising leads to a loss of productive work time.” In contrast, the functional nursing care model is more cost-effective. The model defines that fewer RNs with unprofessional workers can deliver care to a large group of patients. In spite of the financial benefits, the functional nursing model has been criticized due to crucial problems such as poor quality of care, low patient satisfaction, increased omissions and errors. Not surprisingly, nurses are enabled to provide a high quality of care to patients in team nursing. Tiedeman and Lookinland (2004) reviewed that “quality of care is higher with the model because the nurses have responsibility and accountability for fewer patients. The nurses know the patients better and can make assignments that best match each patient's needs with staff abilities and skills, and provide more direction, coordination, and supervision.”(p. 294) Each member is able to approach and coordinate patient needs as well as improve continuity of care in team

Changes in the Health Care System and the Practice of Nursing have become complex. Technological changes, complicated client needs, short hospital length of stay, and departure from acute care to community based care, all these changes have underscore the need for professional nurses to think critically in order to provide safe and effective client care. A better educated nursing workforce can provide good health education to patients and their families. The affordable care of 2010 has required the need for nurses to expand their role of practice to meet complicated patient demands. This has prompted the Institute Of Medicine to review the “Future of Nursing, Leading change and Advancing Health”. {Creasia & Fribery,2011}

Next, one of the assumptions of the model, states the individual regulates and is in control of their own behaviour. From the encounter, I can tell the patient is very vocal. To add on, the patient is very straight forward on how she wants events to precede. For instance, when the patient requested for the prn’s and the nurse explained, the outcome of taking both and not having an available one later. The patient, had it in their mind already, what they wanted. Presumably, the nurse and patient had a huge disagreement. That is to stay, sometimes within the health care system, I believe that some individuals are afraid to speak up. They understand the providers are professionals so everything said, goes. Therefore, leading to asking any questions,

Orem describes how the patients self care needs will be meet by the nurse, patient, or both in her theory of nursing systems. “The design and elements of a nursing system defines the scope of nursing responsibility in health care situations, defines general and specific roles of nurses and patients, and defines reasons for nurses’ relationship with patients” (Current Nursing, 2010, para. 17). Orem recognized that members of the health profession usually develop specialized technologies. “A technology is systematized information about a process or a method for

Nursing care delivery model is a method that is used by nurses as implemented by their institution in providing care to their patients. The method of care can be varied throughout different healthcare settings and carried out by a variety of organizational methods. Each delivery of care method used by an organization is determined by the effectiveness of economic issues, patient safety and quality given, and patient population. Team nursing, total patient care, primary nursing, and functional nursing are four models that have been dominant in most inpatient facilities. Functional and primary care delivery models are the most commonly used methods in the clinics (Liang & Turkcan, 2016).