Primary Care Protocols : A Strategy For An Evidence Based Approach For Teamwork And The Delivery Of Care

Inter-Professional Team Model (PAARP) is used throughout the life cycle of a team and includes 5 phases describing actions of the interprofessional teams: purpose, assemble and charter, align, resource, perform. The division of labor is based on the scopes of practice of team members and takes into account KSAs of team members. In the PAARP model, actions of leadership give purpose to the group, and consistency of action by the leader is essential. Identifying purpose through goal-setting plays a large part in this theory and team members accept the goals of the team as their own and take responsibility for their part in achieving them. This model is applicable across health professionals through an understanding of each discipline’s roles

The issue of interprofessional working is currently one of key importance in the field of health and social care (Moyneux, 2001). Using the 6 stages of Gibb’s Reflective cycle (1988) I am going to demonstrate my understanding and explore the importance of interprofessional working as well as discuss barriers and facilitators for team working. A healthcare system that supports effective teamwork can improve the quality of patient care, enhance patient safety and reduce workloads that cause burnout among healthcare professionals (Oandasan, 2006). The 6 stages of Gibb’s cycle include description, feelings, evaluation, analysis, conclusion and action planning for future practice. I am going to reflect on the preparation work which was carried out each week for the group summative presentation and the importance of communication within the group.

Interprofessional team collaboration for professional nurses is viewed as a method to improve the care and safety for patients. However, interprofessional team collaboration presents both advantages and challenges for nurses and other team members. One of the advantages is the coordination of care for the patient and the sharing of knowledge to improve the outcomes for the patient. Challenges for interprofessional team collaboration is: poor role-definition, miscommunication, conflict, lack of accountability for assignment of responsibilities and tasks (Reeves, 2012). This paper will discussion the role of a nurse on an interprofessional team and the challenges, why interprofessional teams promote patient safety, and strategies to promote success interprofessional teams.

To understand the term “Interprofessional team working” I have been working within a subset group where everyone has a different health profession background course such as child nursing, social worker, occupational therapist and myself as an adult nursing. On part 1, I will be discussing about themes social policy and culture and diversity. And on part 2, I will reflect my team working using different models and will mention our strength and weakness.

The results showed that this experience led to improvements in the student’s attitudes towards learning and collaborating with peers in other disciplines. (Wellmon et al., 2012) This indicates interprofessional collaboration does not only benefit on health care teams but also in the learning process for students. This partnership can enhance the all group member’s learning experience. Another literature discussed about the ethics of this practice and it stated “Interprofessional care essentially ethical. Its espoused motivation is that it promotes the well-being of the patient or beneficence, which is to do well by the patient.” (Engel & Prentice, 2013) This article also brought up the topic of possible conflicts within the collaborated group members which can be due to competition arising between members or difference in viewpoints. The viewpoint was described as by necessity and guided by the each group member’s values and beliefs which can be influence by their disciplinary knowledge and perspectives. (Engel & Prentice, 2013) This means that there may be the presence of barriers during this collaboration process since members of the team are from different fields of practice and professions which may have different values and beliefs. Within our nursing theory textbook, it mentioned that “establishing

According to the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, most healthcare professionals are not trained to work in interprofessional teams.1 Due to this, it is negatively impacting the quality of care we give our patients. The lack of communication and respect for others is potentially putting the patient at harm. For example, test results are not being shared, other helpful opinions are not being heard, unnecessary costs are being added and trust is being lost. This is very surprising to me because every healthcare professional’s goal and focus should be on healing the patient. When collaboration with others is needed, it should be looked upon as equal as a treatment, a diagnosis and a test.

There is no standard procedure for treatment of illness. The variation reflects inefficiencies and unnecessary costs. In order to reduce the variation in treatments through standardization of process known as Evidence Based Best Practice (EBBP) can ensure reduction in cost of treatment and ensure the quality of outcome. It is very difficult to enforce EBBP for example in an ER of a hospital a physician normally is allowed to work between 8 to 10 hours. If a patient is treated by one doctor who prescribes certain tests. After the shift is over, another doctor after looking at the patient advices some more tests. The first physician does not takes the responsibility of the second doctor’s action. This increases the cost of the treatment of the

There is constant change in health care and the amount of new evidence related to improved patient outcomes is so abundant it is difficult to keep up with new recommendations. Adoption of evidence-based practice and care by an interprofessional team requires good communication skills and reinforcement of the reasons for change. Efforts to communicate change effectively must create a sense of urgency and generates a vision and motivates staff to accept change. Williams, Rycroft-Malone, & Burton (2016), discuss the importance of change agents or intermediaries that serve as educator and role-models to adopt evidence-based practice. They concluded that an active and constant presence at the bedside by intermediaries develops trust, influence,

Interprofessional practice is a collaborative practice where multiple health professionals work together in health services to provide comprehensive services to their patients, families and communities to get a more effective result by improving the quality of work. The collaborative practise is basically used by the nursing team or other health care workers who are the member of interprofessional team. “A call for interprofessional team and collaborative practice development has been sounded across Canada because this model is viewed as the way to ensure that all professionals and providers can practice to the full potential of their role and competencies” (Potter, 2014). Interprofessional collaborative practice is a way to ensure that human health resources are used properly which help to decrease the duration time for achieving a quality care.

The study findings have significant implications on policy, research and practice. NP independent practice can help to improve the team work in primary care organizations (PCO). New policies should be implemented to promote NP independent practice and remove restrictions on NP practice. Also future research should be conducted to improve team work in PCOs which will help to provide cost effective quality patient care. More research should be conducted to develop best practices for constructing interdisciplinary care

Teamwork is vital in healthcare.  When all participants are engaged in a program, goals are successfully achieved. Being able to communicate and work collectively as a team requires an appreciation for each other’s area of practice.  Every team member has an important role and being acknowledged provides a sense of responsibility and accountability. Essentially, inter-professional collaboration helps ensure that the patient is getting care that is not only accessible but also comprehensive.  The plan of a patients’ care includes active participation by all health care professionals working interdependently in accordance to the patient’s preferences, values and beliefs. The health care team accomplishes the goal of meeting the patient’s medical needs by delivering evidence-based practice.   To deliver quality care, the patient should always be involved.

lack of role clarity as well as trust and hierarchy within the teams that can affect individual performance and thus impact the success of the team overall. Tomblin Murphy et al., (2013) examined the effectiveness of team-based care and its impact on the system and health outcomes of people. In sites where the model was fully implemented, most of the outcomes measured for patient and family, provider, and system level improved (Tomblin Murphy, MacKenzie, Alder and Cruickshank, 2013). Therefore, when considering the barriers at the practice level, poor structure and governance coupled with ambiguous team compositions and size may result in further breakdowns in communication and collaboration (Conference Board of Canada, 2012; Campbell,

Comparatively, interprofessional education is defined and compared to other styles of education in the article, “Interprofessional learning—the solution to collaborative practice in primary care”, by E. McKinlay and S. Pullon (2007). Also, McKinlay and Pullon (2007) examines results of one interprofessional education program and some “barriers” that are preventing interprofessional education from being a common theme in health care. Analyzing the results and outcomes of one program is necessary to show that interprofessional education does help produce the intended results and areas that might not to be modified (3). The “barriers” that are presented in this article provides other programs thinking about implementing this program to consider

A team-based approach to primary care is the new innovative way for patient’s to receive a higher quality of care from their providers. This is a team of health care providers that work together to anticipate and meet the patient’s needs and to make sure nothing about the patient’s health deteriorates. Within this approach there is the Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) model that “is a team-based model of care led by a personal physician who provides continuous and coordinated care throughout a patient’s lifetime to maximize health outcomes” (Sultz & Young, 2014). This model is “responsible for providing all of the patient’s health care needs or appropriately arranging a patient’s care with other qualified professionals” (Sultz & Young, 2014). The PCMH works with all ages of patient’s with the ultimate focus on the provision of preventive services, treatment of acute and chronic illness, and assistance with end of life issues. A team-based approach to care with the patient centered medical home, has shown more effectiveness and cost-efficiency. With a whole team of medical professionals collaborating on a patient’s case, nothing is contradicted or missed. A clinical case where a team-based approach is used, the team and their roles and the impacts and advantages of using a team-based approach will be discussed.

Once people are unfrozen they can begin to move into the implementation phase, also called the changing stage. During the changing stage, people begin to learn the new behaviors, processes and ways of thinking. The more prepared they are for this step, the easier it is to complete.