Subculture Of Crime Analysis

Racial and ethnic discrimination leads to anger and frustration that in turn can promote criminal behavior (2). On average African Americans and Latinos are much poorer than

African American are the number one people who are more likely to try to adapt and focus on change due to not giving those unprivileged a second chance. Prejudicial treatment in a workplace makes it more difficult to obtain well-paying jobs and or acceptance of employment. Discrimination within a job is well an equality rule. “The intensification of the criminal record effect among blacks is consistent with earlier audit research (Pager 2007) and points to special barriers facing blacks in the transition from prison to work. Employers, already reluctant to hire blacks, appear particularly wary of blacks with known criminal histories. (DEVAH PAGER, BRUCE WESTERN, and NAOMI SUGIE, p.199, 2009)”. This quotation demonstrates, Discrimination in workplace but also housing a way of decrease of black house owning. African American are more likely as a black community to be turned away due to criminal record, stereotype of blacks as victims or criminals to society. Discrimination because of housing status. Criminal records on African American making very difficult to obtain employment due to criminal record and a mirror image of black. Mirror image tends to affect blacks as they turn away opportunities and experiences of a new change.  These are humans from a different race trying to break a stereotype that people isolate. This narrows down African

African Americans have been associated with crime for many years, and because of that, the stigma follows them everywhere. There are plenty of neighborhoods with a lot of African Americans that have high crime rates, but these neighborhoods also have “pronounced levels of socioeconomic disadvantages”(Laurence 1). It is argued that African American neighborhoods have the “highest average levels of disadvantaged social conditions owing to the role of race in structuring opportunity and community access"(Krivo and Peterson qtd. in Laurence). Some researchers focus on this point, while others find that although these neighborhoods are more disadvantaged, there may be other reasons for high crime rate in the

According to statistics provided by the Department of Justice, in 2014 African-American males aged 15-34 - 3 percent of the population - committed 33 percent of violent crimes in America. African-American people as a whole, despite only being 13 percent of the population committed just under 55 percent of violent crimes in America for 2014. Alarming statistics have come out about the violent nature of African-America people in America and around the world since the 1950’s. Crime happens everywhere and its perpetrators are worldwide. When it comes to crime there are basically 3 arguments as to why it happens and how it happens. This first one says that crime is necessary evil. The argument says that crime “strengthens group cohesion” it makes

Robert D. Crutchfield when speaking of the social class differences to explain criminal involvement in the United States in his published work “From Slavery to Social Class to Disadvantage: An Intellectual History of the Use of Class to Explain Racial Differences in Criminal Involvement” asks an important question, why do we always connect crimes with race? Crutchfield states “When race is not the focus, differences in ethnicity, religion, immigration status, or some other marker of being “the other” are part of how we think about and talk about crime” (2). Crutchfield proposes that we continually seek “out” groups to ostracize and blame crime on. Out groups when blamed for crime, it is attributed to interiority or social class. We often attribute crimes (those of property and violence) to those of different races. But if the question was reworded and was understood to include collar crimes, white people would have a huge crime rate. Crutchfield stumbles on several correlations while in this inquiry: that African Americans are more involved in kinds of crime that lead to prison sentences (compared to whites), and that people in lower social classes serve time for these offenses. As African Americans, are very abundant and overrepresented in the areas of low socioeconomic class, the fallacy usually arises that the correlation between the poor African Americans and crime is prevalent. These two sets of data however, do not create a connection. Crutchfield analyzes the effects

Crime can transpire anywhere and everywhere. There is a direct connection between an individual’s background and criminals. When an individual is growing up, they have their own moral compass that is developing. It is typically influenced by things around them such as their parents, income, education, and peers. Sometimes the compass detours into a different direction and they end up conducting criminal activities. After reviewing statistics, it’s easy to understand that most criminals come from poor communities, in which, minorities hold much of the population. I believe this is the main contributing factor of why blacks are holding the high numbers of incarcerations. Hispanics, poor whites and other nationalities also predominate for being incarcerated, as well.

Accordingly, general consensus portrays inner cities (i.e. generally poor black neighborhoods), as the apparatus of crime. In this view, crime emanates from the poor, and so generates an environment “credible fear” that intensifies racism and frantic search for solutions in the form of draconian laws (e.g., “zero tolerance,” & “War on Drugs” policies) that target the underclass and serve to advance formal social control via prisons. Destitute minorities, disproportionately black and Latino, therefore, are convicted and

Social class differences are used to explain racial differences in criminal involvement in the United States. Social Class is defined as a division of a society based on social and economic status. Usually when a person thinks about crime in the United States, he also thinks about the race of the person and the crime. Thinking about crime anywhere in the world is to think about why certain groups of population have more criminal activity and involvement than other groups. People usually focus on race when they are looking at crime. Blacks are often victimized as being criminals than the whites. In Robert D. Crutchfield’s essay he talks about the subculture of violence and the subculture of poverty which explains crimes such as drug sales, property crime, and robbery. Within the subculture of violence he talks about crimes such as homicide and assault. This essay will discuss and explore the author’s central point’s as well as how Crutchfield describes subcultures of violence and poverty and if he agrees with the other explanations made by scholars about racial differences in criminal involvement.

The second theory I would like to discuss is the Strain theory. The strain theory basically states that crime breeds in the gap, imbalance, or disjunction between culturally induced aspirations for economic success and structurally distributed possibilities of achievement. The theory assumes fairly uniform economic success aspirations across social class and the theory attempts to explain why crime is concentrated among the lower classes that have the least legitimate opportunities for achievement. It is the combination of the cultural emphasis and the social structure which produces intense pressure for

The relationship between Crime and less fortunate people cannot underestimated; it may just be the way the media has conditioned us to characterize what a criminal looks like and how they live their lives. There are many low income cities and crime rates widespread across America. One may say that people with low income have nothing to lose when they commit crime or depressed or desperate to the point that they will commit crimes for the profit of money. Even though crime is committed at all walks of life, one can still pose a question to know if crime is more likely to be committed by people with low income that those with high income.

Crime and criminalization are dependent on social inequality Social inequality there are four major forms of inequality, class gender race and age, all of which influence crime. In looking at social classes and relationship to crime, studies have shown that citizens of the lower class are more likely to commit crimes of property and violence than upper-class citizens: who generally commit political and economic crimes. In 2007 the National Crime Victimization Survey showed that families with an income of $15000 or less had a greater chance of being victimized; recalling that lower classes commit a majority of those crimes. We can conclude that crime generally happens within classes.

This theory posits that criminal behavior is a result of disorganization and strain. This theory also seeks to explain, “how people living in deteriorated neighborhoods react to social isolation and economic deprivation. ” This theory advocates the view, that, as a result of these conditions, the lower socioeconomic class individuals form a separate and distinct sub culture whose values, norms and rules are the polar opposite of the society’s. Cohen’s Delinquent Subcultural Theory and Cloward and Ohlin’s Theory of Differential Opportunity will be used under the umbrella Cultural Deviance Theory of Crime to explain juvenile involvement in gangs with relation to Trinidad and

According to a New York Amsterdam News article, Poverty, not race, tied to high crime in urban communities, “The violent crime rate in highly disadvantaged Black areas was 22 per 1,000 residents, not much different from the 20 per 1,000 rate in similar white communities” (Unknown 1997). While there is a slight influx of criminal activity form American majorities to American minorities, the question of why this is so must be asked. The New York Amsterdam News article helps to provide an explanation for the fluctuation. As far back as the 1980’s, researchers have repetitively return to idea and

A violent crime occurs every 23.5 seconds in the United States of America. Even though crime has been at a low during the past decade, violence is still prevalent in today’s society. Most of these crimes happen in places that are socio-economically disadvantaged. There then is the debate of whether violent crime is associated with environments struck with poverty. There is a correlation between violent crimes and poverty because of the unemployment rates in major cities, the culture of poor areas, and drugs.

Although most people look at poverty and crime as two different social problems, they are interconnected in our society. Wheelock and Uggen (2006) made five core arguments in the article Race, poverty, and punishment: The impact of criminal sanctions on racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic inequality. This article discusses how crime, poverty, and punishment are all connected. Understanding each of the five core arguments allows someone to grasp how this interconnection of social problems affects society.