“THE CHEROKEE”
This report will examine the interaction and effects of the European culture clashing with the Native American culture when these new people [Europeans] came to a land and decided to take what they thought was theirs. Discussed will be who these people were and are, their way of life, and how they lived then and now. This paper will explain the “religious bigotry, cultural bias, and materialistic view” (Perdue and Porter 7) the Europeans had that conflicted with the naturalistic and simple view these people called The Cherokee had.
The Cherokee called themselves “Ani’-Yun’wiya” translated as “Principle People.” (Perdue 13) Their native language was Iroquoian.
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Women tended the crop's majority of the time. Men helped some in the fields by “clearing fields, planting, and harvesting” but the work was mainly one of the many chores that women had. “Their favorite food was corn”(Perdue 16) but the majority of their crops depended on the "three sister’s (corn, beans, and squash) and also “supplemented by hunting and the gathering of wild plants.” (Sultzman 2) Interestingly they planted their beans with their corn and let the vines from the beans travel up the stalks of corn. The beans which “produce nitrogen” which was a fertilizer for the corn plus the usage of the fertile ground near the rivers. Also grown were sunflowers, pumpkins, and other types of vegetables. (Sultzman 2) The winter months were the men's turn to gather food for the families. This was the time for hunting game such as turkey and deer. They also depended on fish from the rivers as a staple in their diets. They consumed bread from the cornmeal they made from the corn, which had beans and chestnuts in the dough as ingredients.
In the year of 1540 is when things for the “Principal People” began to change. During this time “Hernando de Soto, a Spanish conquistador, passed through Cherokee territory on his exploration” for gold and silver mines. (Perdue 27) There has been known encounters with Native Americans from the time of 1492 through the ages, but they were pretty sporadic in their encounters. It was not
The Cherokee language has 3 principal dialects. A’Tali or also called the upper principle is spoken throughout Northern Georgia, Eastern Tennessee, and western North Carolina and is exclusively used in the native literature of the tribe. Kituwah or also known as the middle principle is spoken chiefly on the waters of the Tuckasegee River in western North Carolina and is now prevailing dialect on the east Cherokee Reservation. Elati also known as the lower principle and is spoken on the heads of the savannah river, in South Carolina and Georgia and was the only dialect to have the “R” sound, which is now extinct. Many of the Cherokee’s 12,000 tribe members still use this language today.
The main way Cherokees could be considered “civilized” was to accept Christianity. The U.S. government sent missionaries into Indian Territory to build schools. At these schools though they not only taught literature, math, and English, but they also taught young Cherokees how to read using the Bible and
The Wampanoag and Cherokee were two native Indian American tribes that had remarkable stories to American history in the 1600s and 1800s. At that time, they were two native Indian American tribes that did intensive interaction and built great relationships with European Americans who just came and started to live in the new world. The Wampanoag succeed to maintain their relationship with the European Americans for fifty years. In line with the Wampanoag, the Cherokee also maintained their relationship with European Americans for a long decades. Unfortunately, with the greediness of territories, lands, economic, politic as the superior group, the European Americans expelled the Wampanoag and Cherokee from their own lands. The European Americans
Have you ever heard of the Cherokee Indians? Sure you have! Just as a reminder, they are the biggest tribe, and most known of out of all the Indian tribes there has ever been in the southeast. They are very important to American History and helped shaped us to be the Americans we are today, which is clearly what I 'll be explaining in this paper. Throughout the paper, I 'll tell you everything you need to know about the Cherokee Indians and continue to relate to the thesis.
Much of European criticism of Native American was based on differences in religion, land use, and gender relations. Most Europeans reasoned that Indians needed to be converted to the “true religion” of Christianity (Give Me Liberty, 11). In fact, Verrazano concluded that the Indians had “no religion or laws” (Voices of Freedom, 10). The Europeans did not understand the Indians’ use of the land and thus justified overtaking it, reasoning that they did not truly “use” it. Some Europeans criticized gender relations, claiming that women lacked freedom due to their work in the fields (Give me Liberty, 12-13). Others, like Verrazano, criticized the Indians for having “absolute freedom” in which they did not abide to any laws due to ignorance (Voices of Freedom, 10). Regardless of
The long history between Native American and Europeans are a strained and bloody one. For the time of Columbus’s subsequent visits to the new world, native culture has
Throughout the course of history there have been numerous accounts regarding Native American and European interaction. From first contact to Indian removal, the interaction was somewhat of a roller coaster ride, leading from times of peace to mini wars and rebellions staged by the Native American tribes. The first part of this essay will briefly discuss the pre-Columbian Indian civilizations in North America and provide simple awareness of their cultures, while the second part of this essay will explore all major Native American contact leading up to, and through, the American Revolution while emphasizing the impact of Spanish, French, and English explorers and colonies on Native American culture and vice versa. The third, and final, part of this essay will explore Native American interaction after the American Revolution with emphasis on westward expansion and the Jacksonian Era leading into Indian removal. Furthermore, this essay will attempt to provide insight into aspects of Native American/European interaction that are often ignored such as: gender relations between European men and Native American women, slavery and captivity of native peoples, trade between Native Americans and European colonists, and the effects of religion on Native American tribes.
When Europeans first arrived to America, Indians were living in eight present states: Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, the Virginias, Alabama, and the Carolinas (Museum). Slowly, the Cherokee were forced to sign treaties giving away land to the new nation. In 1803, President Thomas Jefferson finally worked to pass a treaty that would force all Indians west of the Mississippi River. It wasn’t until Andrew Jackson
American history frequently centers on the issues of ethnic diversity and resource allocation. In the contemporary, we begin to see the experiences of the Native inhabitants of the Americas in contrast to European settlers and colonizers, is a prime example of this process in motion. When European settlers first arrived to the New World in the 15th century, firstly the Spanish, they brought with them a material cultural based upon an economic standard of resource exploitation, which in a sense was hostile to most of the Native peoples of the Americas. For instance, as Blackhawk notes that, Europeans built permanent settlements consisting of immovable structures, whereas many of the Great Basin peoples were semi-migratory in nature. Additionally, as Europeans claimed possession over the land, its resources, and began a process of territorial delimitation, Native peoples whose lives
One famous Indian tribe is the Cherokee. The Cherokee are original residents of the American southwest region, but now they occupy most of Oklahoma.There are three recognized Cherokee tribes. Most Cherokee people speak English today, but many still speak the Cherokee language. Children had jobs to do after school just like men and women had their own jobs. Many Cherokee Indians died when president Andrew Jackson forced them to leave their homes in Georgia. In the following essay I will be talking about the Cherokee life before,during,and after the Westward Expansion.
die. The Red Chief was also in charge of the lacrosse games which were called
The Cherokee attempted to civilize to mirror their American counter parts in an attempt to elude they’re absolute removal. The Cherokee had faith in government, but did not calculate greed, bigotry and biased opposition from those who were overseeing they’re livelihood. The Cherokee had always opposed those who took to emigration, but soon after force the Majority were unwelcomed in a new society. The tribe, cooperated with British forces in hopes of maintaining their ancestral land.
With the discovery of the New World came a whole lot of new problems. Native American Indians lived in peace and harmony until European explorers interrupted that bliss with the quest for money and power. The European explorers brought with them more people. These people and their descendants starting pushing the natives out of their homes, out of their land, far before the 1800s. However, in the 1800s, the driving force behind the removal of the natives intensified. Thousands of indians during this time were moved along the trail known as Nunna dual Tsung, meaning “The Trail Where They Cried” (“Cherokee Trail of Tears”). The Trail of Tears was not only unjust and unconstitutional, but it also left many indians sick, heartbroken, and dead.
In the first publication of the Cherokee Phoenix the constitution of the Cherokee Nation was printed to inform all the Indians of their rights and guaranteed general welfare. This issue not only informed the white population of this new republic, but also the Cherokees themselves. The Phoenix told about district elections, named candidates, and featured editorials by Boudinot commenting on the progress of their new government. The Indian readers of this newspaper began to identify themselves as a group with a common
The Cherokee Indians lived along the eastern part of the United States mainly inhabiting the fertile valleys of southeastern Appalachia and the Piedmont. This territory was covered with thick forests, rolling hills, broad hardwood forests of oak and chestnut, numerous alluvial valleys with rivers and streams. The mixture of forested hills and fertile valleys made the land ideal for small farms, a variety of animals and excellent fishing. The climate in the region was marked with generally mild winters and warm humid summers. There were the Western Cherokees who were forcibly moved to the west to live on Indian reservations and the Eastern Cherokees who refused to be relocated by evading removal. Their language is known as Cherokee, a Southern Iroquoian language related to those spoken in the Northeastern culture. There were at least four different dialects spoken and one of their own had invented an alphabet for their language that consisted of 86 letters. Most Cherokee adults were able to read and write Cherokee.