To what extent did the exclusion of the United States affect the legitimacy of the League of Nations?
Samantha Martinez
18 December 2015
To what extent did the exclusion of the United States affect the legitimacy of the League of Nations?
Plan of investigation:
In the 1920s in France the League of Nations was created in order to end the first world war and establish relations between several countries. However, big countries were excluded such as Germany and the United States. ³ Due to the fact that the United States was far more economically developed and adapted than other countries of that time, there was a question about the ways in which the League of Nations would succeed without it. The focus of this research paper is between 1920 and 1930. To answer the question "To what extent did the exclusion of the united states affect the legitimacy of the league of nations", several websites will be used to give information about the league of nations ' early years. Any statements or opinions in those websites will be used to evaluate the legitimacy of the League of Nations. Historical Journals and books will also be used as a higher level of scholarly sources. To avoid bias, books written from authors of other countries will be analyzed to understand different perspectives. Websites will be used to keep electronic information and printed information on the same level.
Summary of evidence:
WHY A LEAGUE OF NATIONS?:
Charles
The League of Nations was established in 1919 after the deadly and devastating conflict of World War I. The nations of the world needed a way to rebuild and regain trust in one another after this worldwide atrocity. President Woodrow Wilson believed that an international peacekeeping organization, such as the League of Nations, could achieve this monumental goal. President Wilson was convinced that the League could prevent another wWorld wWar, preserve peace, and promote total disarmament among nations. Wilson went to the Treaty of Versailles negotiations with a Fourteen Point Plan for peace, but he sacrificed almost all of his plans so that the League of Nations could be established. This organization, however, would never live up to the President’s dreams for its success. Despite Woodrow Wilson’s support for the League of Nations, it failed as a peace keeping organization because the United States did not participate, its decision making process was ineffective, and it lacked an armed force to impose its decisions.
The League of Nations was an organization created following the year after the concession of World War I in 1918. The purpose of this union was to maintain world stability and peace. The League of Nations was proposed by President Woodrow Wilson in his Fourteen Points and was considered relatively controversial. Congress had to vote upon whether the United States would join or not. Two of the Senators gave speeches, Senator Gilbert Hitchcock and Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, advocating their parties’ views.
The United states should not have joined the league of nations in 1919. The United States shouldn’t have joined the league of nations because we would be supplying the troops and food a lot and not getting anything out of it, and we were in no danger of an attack.
In Henry Cabot Lodge’s speech, (Document B) presented on August 12, 1919, he emphasizes the idea that the League of Nation will be a bad thing for the United States. In his speech, he states “The United States is the world's best hope, but if you fetter her in the interest and quarrel of other nations, if you tangle her in the intrigues of Europe, you will destroy her power for good and endanger her very existence. Leave her to march freely through the centuries to come as in the years that
As seen in Document A, William Borah stated that the League is essentially creating more problems to solve problems. He said that shouldn't we want a League run by Americans who have the same values and ideals rather than delegates from foreign countries? In Document B, it is stated that, “The Treaty of Versailles…it does much to intensify and nothing to heal the old and ugly dissensions.” It was common knowledge and a wide held belief that the United States should remain neutral in foreign matters. The American citizens knew about Washington's Farewell Address and how it stated that we would stay out of the business of foreign
Several of the world’s most powerful and influential countries were not members, including the United States.
The role of the United States during the Spanish-American War, World War 1, and the entrance into the League of Nations is very debatable. It is arguable that the United States should have played an active role if they were going to open the doors to international trade. The welfare of the world rightfully should have been a concern to the United States; however, the United States government should not have been so arrogant in assuming that other countries needed to be under American rule. Woodrow Wilson was elected president in 1912, and was known to be very self-righteous. Wilson was determined to “impose his standards for proper conduct on what he saw as renegade nations” (Tindall and Shi, 747).
In 1918 the US senate got together and consulted on the idea of the League of Nations. The League of Nations was brought the Senate and was not passed because the majority voted against the League of Nations. The leader of the republican, henry Cabot Lodge saw some flaws in the League of Nations. One part of the league of nations rules said ”the united states must respect the territorial integrity
The United Nations was also then formed to promote international cooperation. It was a replacement for the League of Nations, which was ineffective.
In 1918, Wilson gave a speech to Congress that outlined fourteen points for peace and the end of World War 1. President Wilson hoped that this war would be the “war to end all wars”. In his speech, he discussed diplomatic issues, which included freedom of navigation on the seas, and the removal of trade barriers. He also discussed territorial issues, which included the freedom of French territory, Russia being allowed to determine its own form of government, and German troops evacuating from Belgium as it becomes its own independent country. One of the fourteen points in Wilson’s speech was for A League of Nations to be formed in order to protect the independence of all countries. Wilson believed that this League of Nations would reduce international conflict and prevent any conflict from escalating. At the Paris Peace Conference, Wilson received approval for a League of Nations and returned to Congress to present the Treaty of Versailles, which included the League of Nations. Wilson faced rejection and resistance to the treaty and the League when presenting it to the Senate. Many believed that Wilson had not put America’s best interests in mind and that by being a part of the League of Nations the U.S. would have too much responsibility when it came to international affairs. Congress continued to reject the treaty and the U.S. involvement in the League. Wilson may have failed to create order in the world, however, The League of Nations did exist, but without America’s
Did you ever stop and think about the future of America as one unity. I Jonathan Delgado do and that’s why I agree with Senator Henry Cabot, that The United States of America should not join the League of Nations.
In this essay, I am going to look at the successes and failures of the League of Nations (LofN) in its struggle for peace throughout the 1920’s. The LofN was the ‘brain child’ of American president Woodrow Wilson. The four other main powers (Britain, France, Japan and Italy) joined along with approximately 60 other countries from around the world. The U.S.A then abandoned its ‘child’ as to social and economic unrest led to a more isolationist foreign policy. Yet the other four main countries continued to support the LofN and formed the council, consisting to the ‘most powerful countries’. The LofN was set up to enforce peace in Europe and the world. It created various
The establishment of the UN followed the demise of the League of Nations, which was established after World War I (WWI). However, the League of Nations hardly had any authority to do so, since they had no military power and nations who were a part of the League of Nations were not required to provide one. In addition, USA, USSR and Germany were not members of the League of Nations, meaning that three of the world's most powerful nations then played no part in supporting the league. Britain and France were the two most powerful members of the League of Nations, however both nations had suffered much economic and military losses during WWI and hence were unwilling to contribute to issues that did not regard Western Europe.
However, the League, once secure used its representatives' power and presence as a threat, but did not follow through with such threats when major opposition arose. For example, in the 1930s, the League of Nations "possessed neither the will nor the means to stop them [fascist dictators in Italy, Germany, and Japan]" (Patterson, UN, 14). Although this organization did little to prevent the Second World War in 1939, it did pave the way for humanitarian aid efforts to refugees and helped to resolve a number of border disputes before the war.
"The League of Nations was doomed To failure from the start" Adam Jenner Many may believe that the League of Nations was doomed to failure as soon as the doors of their Geneva headquarters were opened; many may say that it was built on unstable foundations; that the very idea of it was a grave misjudgment by the powers that were. Indeed it is true that the League of Nations, when it was set up was marred with many fundamental flaws. The League of Nations was formed after the end of the First World War. It was an idea that President Wilson introduced as an international police force to maintain peace and to ensure the devastating atrocities like the First World War ever happening again. The principle mission of the League of Nations was to maintain World Peace. Their failure as the international peacekeeping organization to maintain world peace brought the outbreak of Second World War. Their failure in policing and preventing peace in settling disputes throughout Europe, erupted into the most devastating war ever. Through my analysis of the failures of the League of Nations to maintain world peace, my arguments will demonstrate the understandings of the reasons and events that created the most devastating environment for the Second World War.