Process Essay
Process of a 4-stroke Internal Combustion Engine
A common phrase that is heard whilst growing up is "curiosity killed the cat". This phrase might be true but; "ingenuity brought the cat back". Having a mindset in which giving up is never an option has plagued most inventors of the modern day, especially a high school drop out named Nikolaus August Otto, born in 1832. Otto was responsible for the development and improvement of the 4-stroke motor that is used today in just about every automobile on the road. Many people drive cars but fail to realize how they work, and don't try to learn about engines because they think it is complex, and not an easy concept to grasp. Air, fuel, spark, and combustion are the premise
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In the next step the air travels into the combustion chamber (cylinder), where it is mixed with the other components of combustion.
Equally important as the air, is the fuel going into the cylinder. Fuel starts off in the gas tank of the car and then gets pumped into the fuel lines by the fuel pump. The fuel goes through the fuel lines and into the fuel rail. Attached to the fuel rail are electronically controlled injectors (one per cylinder), which are controlled by the mass air sensor. The mass air senor regulates how much fuel is necessary to mix with the air to achieve the ideal air to fuel ratio. The injectors "spray" into the cylinder at synchronized times mixing with air and eventually resulting in combustion.
The final and most important steps of the Internal Combustion Engine are the movements of the pistons. At this point in the process fuel, and air are both present inside the chamber and are combined into a ratio, this is called the air fuel ratio, short AFR. There are four motions of each piston; they are in perfect balance and harmony, much like watching an orchestra perform. These motions (strokes) are detailed as follows:
On the intake stroke, the intake valve has opened. (The intake valve is the opening that the air and fuel are released into the cylinder) The piston is moving down, and a mixture of air and vaporized fuel is being
Exhalation, (breathing out), is the opposite of inhalation and occurs when the inspiratory muscles relax causing the diaphragm to depress which decreases the lung volume. This decrease in volume causes the alveolar pressure to increase therefore the carbon dioxide in the lungs flows from a high pressure to a lower pressure in the atmosphere. (Tortora & Derrickson, 2011)
The invention of the internal combustion engine sprouted from the work of several engineers and inventors across Europe and into America. First, in 1859, Jean-Joseph Etienne Lenoir developed the first practical internal combustion engine which after many modifications and changes, led to the modern engine that plays a crucial role in today’s society. Prior to Lenoir, external combustion engines such as the steam engine and early hydrogen engine
What does your future hold? The career that I embrace is diesel technology. The reason I call for this profession is because I have a big interest in engines and trucks. I also plan to have my own oil industry services joined with diesel technician to maintain a strong corporation. According to Encyclopedia article, “Diesel Mechanic” which narrows down the key points of what it is takes to be diesel mechanic. Therefore, to be a strong diesel mechanic you need to have the education and skills.
The continuing rotation of the crankshaft drives the piston back up, ready for the next cycle. The piston moves in a reciprocating motion, which is converted into circular motion of the crankshaft, which ultimately propels the car. Gas engines usually have about the same about of horsepower as they do torque. The diesel engine usually has twice as much torque as it does horsepower, thus it is the better hill climber and load carrier.
As you drive, air rushes past your car. It hits the front of your car and the intake, and this cold air is forced to the engine. As a combination, the turbo and intake greatly improve power and speed.
engine uses fuel combustion to pump its cylinders to produce power. The more air that is in the
There is an explosion just as the piston is at its highest point, and the volume of the chamber is its lowest. This phase is called combustion. The force of this explosion pushes the piston down, and then up again as a second valve opens, pushing the exhaust out and into the air. This final phase is called exhaust. As the piston moves down again, the cycle repeats.
The physics behind the temperature increase of compressed air begins with a fresh charge of air. The air fills the combustion chamber when the cylinder is at bottom dead center. As the
Since the development of the steam engine people had been interested in creating self-powered vehicles, this manifested during the industrial revolution as the train. However, as time went on people became interested in creating a vehicle that wasn’t confined to tracks. The earliest attempts were moderately successful but served little practical purpose. Automobiles first began to truly spread with the invention of the electric motor which created cheaper, more powerful, and safer automobiles. Still the automobile still had numerous problems and were mainly in the hands of the rich. It was the development of the internal combustion engine and the assembly line that was truly able to create a practical vehicle that could be used by all and
Interesting to note is that the only invention he made was a two-cycle internal combustion engine. The automobile today has items that are critical to have. If a major car company were to produce a car powered only by Lenoir’s engine it would never sell because of the essentials.
Conventional cars use internal combustion engines to generate power to put the car into motion. All conventional cars use what is called a “four-stroke combustion cycle” which are “intake
A very common variant of the internal combustion engine is the four stroke engine. These engines have four "strokes" for each combustion cycle. These engines are
An aircraft powered by a piston engine usually tends to have a pneumatic air supply system. This allows the function of different systems on the aircraft that are essential to the flight of the aircraft.
These systems have a fuel injector for each cylinder, usually located so that they spray right at the intake valve. These systems provide more accurate fuel metering and quicker response.
This is because the fuel injector was placed on the upper side of the block making it sprays fuel exactly at the hole. He also taught the trainee about the proper timing of the valve and fuel injector, and also the sequence of firing inside the engine cylinders. For a 4-cylinder engine, order of firing was 1-3-2-4.For a 6-cylinder engine, firing was 1-4-2-6-3-5. And for an 8-cylinder, v-type engine, firing was 1-8-4-3-6-5-7-2. These firing orders were not constant at all engines; it is just only based on the trainee’s experience. Firing orders were variable and based on the manufacturers design in order to minimize vibration.