In the midst of an American Revolution founded upon principles of liberty and justice for all men, Native Americans joined both sides of the war with hopes of securing their own safety and freedom. In the end, the U.S. Revolutionary War caused economic downturn and civil strife among native communities, ultimately making Indian territory a vulnerable target for westward expansion. The American Revolutionary War caused economic failure among Native American communities. Native involvement in the Revolutionary War led to the destruction of towns and farmland, as their land was often used as a battleground for war. During the 1779 military expedition of Major General John Sullivan against six native nations, Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Dearborn …show more content…
Revolutionary War also caused war among native communities, much of which involved civil strife and the division of Indian tribes. Due to differing threats that various Native Americans met, many tribes were separated on either sides of the Revolution. The war broke the coalition of six native tribes, and pitted many natives against each other on opposite sides of the battlefield. In the midst of the Continental Army’s war against the Iroquois, a large native tribe located largely in modern day upstate New York, Officer William Barton mentions the U.S’s use of Indian scouts against their own fellow people. Barton writes about an instant in which “knowing [they] were in the wrong path, [he] sent out a couple of Indians for the purpose of finding the path, which they did, and returned.” While Barton’s writing doesn’t show natives shooting at each other in battle, it does display how some Indians supported the United States’ effort to destroy other natives and the homes in which they lived. Many Indians, including the Iroquois sided with the British for fear of future westward expansion, yet there were also select few like those in Barton’s battalion who joined the Continental Army with hopes that their future protection would be ensured. Other tribes initially strove for peace, creating an even greater divide between those who believed joining the war was the best form of protection, and others who felt that it was not their duty to fight another man’s battles. In a letter to Connecticut governor John Trumbull, a representative of the Oneida Indian tribe expresses how they “are unwilling to join on either side in such a contest, for we bear an equal affection to both you Old and New England.” Many of these tribes who first requested neutrality were forced into the war, while others who remained relatively uninvolved had decreasing relations with those who thought it better to join the Revolution. Even after the war had concluded, Native American tribes
From the native Americans the American revolution was a total disaster. Before the war patriots worked hard to try and ensure Indians interest, for Indians that could help the military. It was known to most the natives, that independent America had a greater treat to them and what they did then the British. Native land holdings had already been reduced, and an American win would harm what they had and what they owned previously. Treaties created between the British and individual tribes offered Indians some protection against illegally settlers, but if the Americans won and were left with nothing, natives would be left to defend their homelands without any benefit just doing it because they have to. it is important to remember the impact of
Before the arrival of white people to the continent, Native Americans still engaged in war between the various different tribes. Their reasons for fighting each other were drastically different than the reasons they had when fighting non-Indians. Some Native American battles were fought for revenge. The most common cause of war between Native American groups was probably to defend or enlarge tribal territory. Later, their conflicts with white people were fought for trying to prevent the theft of their land, or in raids for food and supplies they were denied. There have been many famous clashes between Indians and the United States government. On November 4th 1791, In what is considered the worst ever defeat administered by Indians to U. S. troops more than 600 soldiers were killed by a force of mostly Shawnees and other Indians. The cause of the conflict was settlers moving into the Indian’s land in large numbers, ignoring Indians rights and demanding military protection if the Indians opposed them. This kind of situation was the cause for many of the largest fights with Native Americans, for example the battle of little big horn (otherwise known as Custer’s last stand) in which Indians that were ready for the arrival of the Calvary killed every soldier under General Custer’s command. A battle which United States
During the time of 1763-1775, one of the occurrences that happened to affect the colonists’ perception of the British was the French and Indian War. The war itself was not the main reason the colonists’ had trouble with the British, but the time after the war was the actual cause of eventual trouble. During the war, the British fought with France around the Ohio valley for the control of land. The Ohio valley was very important to both of the empires, because of the land value and the strategic location it held in the years to come. Both had their struggles especially with the Native Americans that called this area their home. Most of the Native Americans sided with either the British or the French because they thought that if they had sided with
American Revolution. The outbreak of hostilities between 1776 and 1794, the Cherokees lost more than twenty thousand square miles of land . The tribe’s way of life depended on the land for hunting and trading deer pelts, was now in jeopardy . The loss of land meant less game which meant less food and trading for the tribe. The Cherokee also used land to plant crops but not on the scale as the Americans did. Because previous north eastern tribes were vanishing, the newly formed government wanted to help the Cherokee from the same fate.
Throughout history, Native Americans have been victimized by Americans and the American Government. Native Americans were here long before the English settlers found and migrated to America. They tried to buy the land from Native Americans, and money was not important to them so they refused. Over time this costed a lot of Native American lives and most of their land was taken from them. Native Americans were immensely mistreated in the 1900’s by white Americans and are still being wronged by deceiving history in textbooks and other learning aid.
On the other hand, Native Americans decided to fight on the side of the British because they taught it might mean a victory in expansion. Similarly, there were Native Americans fought on the American side as well because they wanted to help the Americans at the Battles of Fort George and Chippewa (Fixico, para. 2). According to Fixico, There were Indians who sided with the Americans -- Red Jacket and Farmer’s Brother led a Seneca faction to help the Americans at the Battles of Fort George and Chippewa. But most Indian nations sided with the British against the U.S, believing that a British victory might mean an end to expansion. Although the Americans went to war with the British because the Americans thought that the British were being unfair because they were unfairly taxing the Americans to pay of their debts and the Americans just wanted freedom, the Native Americans and the Americans fought because the Natives thought
Once the United States had gained independence from British rule, the tension was high between the Native Americans, who were allied with the British during the Revolutionary War, and the now Americans. Many Americans considered
The Native Americans did not like America’s expansion into their land. The British used this to their advantage as they supplied the Native Americans with weapons and information. During the War of 1812, 10,000 Native Americans fought on the British side. The Native Americans hoped to regain their land and to be recognized as their own “nation”. It was Britain’s goal to create an Indian State.
There were still few tribes living on the Atlantic Coast at the beginning of the Revolution, but they were with disease and violence which decimated all the tribes of the region. The tribes that lived with the colonists between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River were the most powerful of the tribes. The wars that the Native Americans were involved in were extremely harsh because the wars often served as an excuse to remove the Indians tribes from their land from their land-hungry colonists. One-third of the Iroquois nation was dead by the end of the war. The Native Americans had to deal with the expansion of the settlers who did not respect the boundaries of their
Ever since Christopher Columbus “discovered” the Americas in 1492, conflicts with Native Americans raised due to the overtaking of their land. Prior to European settlement Indian tribes were located across North America. Horses allowed Indians to migrate with their main source of food, the buffalo, increasing their amount of land territory. As European settlers arrived on the east coast, Natives from that area began to move to the west coast often causing inter-tribe conflicts. Conflicts between natives and settling Europeans also arose because of the colonies need for more land which resulted in them following the same route the Natives took westward Warfare between the Europeans and Indians remained constant, as Natives fought to protect their land. The effects of these wars lowered the social position of the Indians, as well as significantly lowered the population of both sides fighting the wars. Conflicts with the Indians were often about land; however, sometimes they were a European display of dominance. After the many conflicts between Europeans and Natives, the population of Natives within the United States borders diminished. In order to satisfy their need and desire for an abundant amount of land, Europeans who migrated to the Americas picked wars with Natives often resulting in many negative impacts on both sides.
The Native Americans that were allied to defeat the French were dissatisfied with the new upstarts and the policies for the conquered people. Some of the tribes that were involved had units with different political agenda’s. The policies that were created were set by British General Jeffery Amherst. The British and Native Americans had traded and intermarried with their French allies but this further aggravated the situation. When the war began the Native Americans attacked a large number of British Forts and
The war unveiled weakness and unpreparedness on the part of the English. Due to this unpreparedness the colonists suffered greatly. The colonists in the Ohio Valley in particular were subjected to raids by Indian tribes whom were allied with the French. In 1757 things got even worse for the colonists due to the English secretary of state William Pitt, who considered himself a colonist sympathizer, decided to start a practice called “impressment”, which allowed British commanders to enlist colonists by force. More unjust actions under William Pitt included seizing supplies and forcing colonists to allow British troops to stay in colonists’ homes without compensation. The American colonists deeply resented these practices and even rioted in New York city that same year which threatened to end England’s war with France. Realizing some of his mistakes, William Pitt loosened his grip on the American colonies by reimbursing them for supplies used by the army as well as returning military recruitment control to the colonists. As the war ended, this proved to be a pivotal moment for the colonists and the English. The English were angry that the American colonists invested so little in a war that was for the colonists benefit. The American colonists felt that this conflict between the English and French confirmed as to why the English had no business involving themselves in colonial
The French and Indian War also had lasting (and devastating) effects for the Native American tribes of North America. The British took retribution against Native American nations that fought on the side of the French by cutting off their
From the colonial period through the mid 1800’s many Native tribes aligned with European nations that were still fighting for control over the new world. Native Americans were used as insurgent forces to harass settlers, instill fear and undermine the government of the United States.
Most American Indians east of the Mississippi River were affected by the war, with many communities dividing over the question of how to respond to the conflict. Most Native Americans who joined the fight fought against the United States, since native lands were threatened by expanding American settlement. An estimated 13,000 warriors fought on the British side; the largest group, the Iroquois Confederacy, fielded about 1,500 men.