Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus And Mellitus

Type 1 diabetes is a disease that is most commonly diagnosed in children, is rarely diagnosed in adulthood, and “Diabetes at a glance” (2016) reveals that nearly two million people were newly diagnosed with the disease in 2016 in the U.S. alone, and one of the people included in that two million is myself. Throughout the

Type 1 diabetes is the third most common chronic health condition in childhood (Spencer, Cooper and Milton 2010). Worldwide incidence is increasing yearly (Mullier 2012). Type 1 diabetes is a life-long autoimmune disorder. It occurs when the body’s immune system destroys pancreatic beta cells resulting in the stoppage of insulin production, which is necessary to regulate blood glucose levels (Mullier 2012). Individuals with Type 1 diabetes need to inject insulin or acquire it through a pump to live. Many health-related complications can arise as a result of poor management of diabetes. These include retinopathy,

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic illness characterized by the body’s inability to produce insulin. Onset most often occurs in childhood, but the disease can also develop in adults in their late 30s and early 40s. The classic symptom of type 1 diabetes is: The need to urinate frequently, excessive drinking as a result of thirst, excessive hunger and abnormally large intake of solids by mouth. Unexplained weight loss, Other symptoms may include fatigue, nausea, and blurred vision. The onset of symptomatic disease may be sudden and is a classic sign of diabetes mellitus that is under poor control or not under treatment

Diabetes is a metabolic disease where an individual’s blood glucose level is higher than normal standards. Diabetes is a long term condition that causes not only primary issues related to the disease but secondary problems as well. Diabetes also known and referred to by healthcare professionals as diabetes mellitus, which is a phrase used to describe a group of metabolic diseases in which a person’s body does not produce insulin at all, or a person’s body does not use insulin properly, which is called insulin resistance. Type I Diabetes also known as juvenile diabetes is when the body does not produce insulin, approximately 10% of all diabetes cases are type I. Type 2 diabetes is when the body does not use insulin properly and approximately 90% of all documented cases worldwide is of this type. (American Diabetes Association, 2014) All types of diabetes can be treated, type I has no known cure however there have been some cases where

Type 1 diabetes is a serious chronic condition that tends to arise prior to adulthood. The disease requires substantial lifestyle changes in order to cope, and can lead to several debilitating outcomes if left unchecked. According to the American Diabetes Association ([ADA], 2017), Type 1 diabetes is defined as a chronic condition where the body no longer produces the insulin hormone, and is therefore unable to utilize and store glucose. As a result, individuals with Type 1 diabetes may experience excessively high or low blood glucose levels: hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia respectively (ADA, 2017). Both sides of the spectrum can have devastating effects on the body’s cardiovascular and renal activities, in addition to deteriorating the peripheral

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder, in which the pancreas does not produce insulin. It usually begins in childhood or adolescence. In Type 1 diabetes, the body’s immune system destroys beta cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Insulin is a hormone that converts sugar, starches, and food into energy. Without insulin, blood glucose levels become too high, which is known as hyperglycemia. To prevent hyperglycemia, people with Type 1 diabetes must take insulin daily to survive. Genetic and environmental factors affect the onset of Type 1 diabetes. [1] According to the American Diabetes Association, a predisposition to Type 1 diabetes is

Title: Type One Diabetes Introduction: I. Imagine that every time you ate, an hour after, your body felt like it had just eaten ten Thanksgiving dinners. For a diabetic, this feeling is known all too well. Type one diabetes is an autoimmune disease that affects the pancreas. Only ten percent of diabetics are type one, with the remaining ninety percent accounting for type two. Many serious complications can arise if diabetes is left untreated, with the worst outcome being

Type I Diabetes was once referred to as Juvenile Diabetes or Insulin Dependent type Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM). Type 1 diabetes, is an incurable but treatable disease which can occur at any age but is mostly found in children. Couch et al. (2008) states, “Juvenile diabetes affects about 1 in every 400-600 children and more than 13,000 are diagnosed yearly” (pg. 1). A 2014 CDC fact sheet concerning diabetes, showed that, “In adults, type 1 diabetes accounts for approximately 5% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes in the United States.” It seems that we all know someone who is affected by diabetes; either type 1 or type 2. Diabetes seems to be such a common-place illness and is much more prevalent in today’s society. However, this hasn’t always been the case. Gale (2002), states, “At the start of the 20th century, childhood diabetes was rare… (pg. 3353).” In this paper, I will provide information about Juvenile or Type I diabetes in order to educate the reader about this illness.

Type 1 diabetes ‘usually develops in childhood or adolescence’ (WHO 2011, p. 2), and will result in death if the disease is not treated by consistent insulin injection. This type of diabetes is slightly more complex as it is substantially caused by gene mutation (WHO 2011, p. 2). The World Health Organization (2011, p. 2), describes the aetiology of the disease as the ‘autoimmune destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas.’

Type 1 diabetes is a life long auto-immune condition where the immune system is activated to destroy the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Scientists are not sure what causes this auto-immune reaction (Vanstone et al. 2015). It can occur at any age, although it is most often diagnosed in children, adolescents or young adults. The immune system incorrectly sees the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas as foreign, therefore it destroys them. The role of these insulin-producing cells is to sense glucose in the blood, and in response produce the essential amount of insulin to regulate the blood sugar (Griffiths & Payne 2014 pp. 390-391). Insulin’s role is to get glucose from the bloodstream into the body’s cells. Without insulin,

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a serious, chronic, life-long condition resulting in hyperglycemia due to destruction of pancreatic beta-islet cells as a result of auto-reactive T-cells targeting self-antigens (Caroll et al., 2016). In contrast to type 2 diabetes, it is not the insensitivity to insulin but lack of insulin causing hyperglycemia that marks micro- and macrovascular complications in multiple organs over time (Miller at al., 2015). A Scottish cohort (Livingstone et al., 2010) estimated a loss of 11 years in male and 13 years in female life expectancy compared to the general population. However, comorbidities and functional status also play a vital role in determining the life expectancy (Chiang et al., 2014). While most of

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, also known as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is destroys pancreatic beta-cells, leading to partial or total loss of insulin production (Merger, et al 170). The exact cause is not known, but the destruction is triggered as an autoimmune response which could be due to the stressors from environment and genetics (Merger, et al 170). “Type 1 diabetes is a chronic condition in which there is no cure, nor prevention at the current time” (Merger, et al 170). Most individuals who present with type 1 diabetes do not have a known relative who had the disease, and newborn screening programs for genetic risk makers have not yet been made universal (Skyler and Camillo, 3). “Typically type 1 diabetes is diagnosed between 6 months and young adulthood, but the disease can occur at any age” (Merger, et al 173). “Neo-natal diabetes is very rare, however, the incidence of IDDM increases most between ages 0-4, (4.7% per year). An incidence of 31 to 100,000 occurred in the 5 to 9 year olds, 50.6 in the 10 to 14 year olds and 50.6 in the over 14 year olds per 100,000 and year” (Merger, et al 173). Recent research shows the male to female ratio of IDDM incidence in children under 14 was 1:1, and the ratio is 1:7 in children over the age of 14 (Merger, et al 173). The highest area of prevalence of IDDM is found in Finland with 64.2 per 100,000 per year in 2005, and the lowest incidence is from China and Venezuela with a rate of 0.1 per 100,000 per year

Type 1 diabetes results whenever the body’s immune system systematically attacks and destroys those cells that produce insulin. This makes the body to be incapable of producing insulin and this leads to elevated blood glucose levels. These elevated blood glucose levels can seriously damage organs within the body (Zeh, Sandhu,

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that begins when the pancreas quits making insulin. Insulin plays a key role by letting glucose enter the body’s cells, and then uses it for energy. When the body doesn’t get the

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a disease caused by the inability of the body to produce insulin. As a result of the human defenses against autoimmune disorders, insulin-producing cells in the body are identified as foreign and therefore targeted by immune cells for destruction. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, which is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels through the regulation of glucose uptake from blood into storage cells. High levels of blood