Although violence was prevalent throughout the entire period from 1460 to 1800, it could be argued that the seventeenth century was extremely significant to Ireland’s history of violence and warfare. During the seventeenth century, Ireland was plagued with battles and sieges due to the power struggle between the Irish Catholics and Protestants. Tensions were high as animosity festered for the Irish Catholics who were being forced to abandon their religion, language, and land, which had ultimately been taken from them by the English and Scottish, who had settled in Ireland in what became known as the plantations. Violence escalated during the seventeenth century, when Ireland was perpetually at war, due to economic divisions, religious conflicts, …show more content…
In 1649 the English parliament sent Oliver Cromwell in at attempt to reconquer the land that had been taken by the Confederates during the Confederate Wars. Upon arrival, he immediately began taking over the east coast in order to facilitate the supplies and men coming from England. The first town affected was Drogheda, populated by 3000 English Royalists and Confederates, under the Earl of Ormonde James Butler, and another 2000 English Catholic soldiers under Sir Arthur Aston. On 27th September 1649, Oliver Cromwell wrote a letter to William Lenthal—speaker of the House of Commons—briefly describing the actions of some of his men under his command in Drogheda, ‘…Captain Brandleys, who with forty seamen stormed a very strong Tenalia at Drogheda and helped to take it for which he deserves an owning from you.’ Before the siege, Cromwell ordered Aston to surrender the town, blaming Aston and Butler for the entire conflict. Upon Aston’s refusal to surrender, Cromwell began his bloody descent to Drogheda. During the week long siege, a majority of the Royalist and Confederate soldiers were killed, as well as many Catholic priests. Having successfully conquered Drogheda, Cromwell proceeded to take his army south to obtain the southern
During the battle, Patriot and Militia forces were outflanked, outgunned, and majorly outnumbered. The Patriots were even forced to used broken shovels, glass, etc. as artillery shells (www.shmoop.com). British forces however, quickly hammered down Patriot and Militia with artillery causing lines to scatter as artillery decimated the Colonists (www.hubpages.com). General Clinton carefully took the city little by little, effectively taking Charleston (however, this was unlike him as he prefers to wipe out a city in one major blow) (www.theamericanrevolution.org). Patriot Militia were completely unorginized as General Lincoln had much trouble keeping the army in order (www.theamericanrevolution.org). Since disease and morality was low, some men abandoned Charleston and moved to a safer place up North (www.hubpages.com). Fighting became heavy for six weeks, until the Patriot forces finally decided to surrender (www.postandcourier.com).
During the 18th century, Ireland was oppressed by England to the point that the Irish would consider eating and selling their children for money and that the Irish were incapable of making their lives better. During that time there was also a significant religious disdain and prejudice of the Anglo-Irish (English Protestants) to the Irish Catholics.
attack Buford’s men. Buford tries to hold of the Confederates but luckily General John Reynolds
The purpose of my paper is to show how the Scotch-Irish culture came to be in the United States. There were several things that led the Scotch-Irish to make the perilous journey across the Atlantic Ocean to America including famine and high rents. It is estimated that 40-55,000 Scotch Irish arrived in America from 1763 to 1775. (Everyculture) The Scotch-Irish is one of the strongest cultures in the United States and their influence has been generous.
On 22nd August 1642, King Charles I declared war against his enemies, in Parliament. In the Civil War which followed one man in ten were killed. Many people died of starvation. Others had their house, their land or all their possessions destroyed. How had the situation come about where Englishmen were prepared to fight against each other, and even against members of their own families ?
Catholic Ireland tried to break away from England after the Reformation, but Elizabeth’s troops crushed the Irish uprising in the 1570’s and 1580’s.
William Carrigan describes violence in central Texas in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in The Making of a Lynching Culture as a societally-driven solution to fear. In the 1850s and 1860s, he says that extralegal violence is used more often because of the panic caused by increasing slave resistance. He gives several reasons that Anglo Texans create for slave resistance, but their main claim is that outsiders are to blame for convincing slaves to fight against slavery. In the Portal to Texas History, there are archives of newspapers from the time, and these papers use colorful language that displays just how desperate Anglo Texans and the South are to keep that slavery intact. Texan slaveholders looked to others for supposed
The start of the Irish’ peoples struggles began when the British came and destroyed their way of life. The Penal laws of 1691 stripped Irish Catholics of their freedoms by taking away their rights to become officers
By the early 1600’s the British had taken land from the native Irish farmers and given it to their own people, effectively kicking out the Irish with little to no compensation. Under the power of the crown, remaining Irish farmers were required to export crops to the British mainland, and paired with a history of disease and famine, the Irish suffered greatly under Britain’s colonization efforts. In this way, Britain took over Ireland but left the people to fend for themselves, and while not physically
This set the stage for future confrontations that would be drawn on religious lines. The population of the native Irish was largely Catholic and the English and Scottish plantation settlers were largely Protestant.
Violence, terror, suffering and death. The conflict that has been burning in Northern Ireland seems to be an unstoppable battle and it has flooded over the land of Northern Ireland. The struggle for power and the persistence of greed have fueled the raging fires of the opposing groups. The conflict in Northern Ireland has been discussed continually over the past few decades. Ever since the beginning of the “Troubles,” organizations have been scavenging to find a plan that will cease the violence. Throughout my research for this project, the questions of what are the main sources of conflict in Northern Ireland and why have they continued today guided me to many fascinating pieces of evidence that
Clearly, a large portion of the turmoil experienced during this type could be put down to the changing government of the period. Though democratically elected and in more direct control of the Irish nation, the Home Rule government what the Irish called the Free State in its first years was not as responsive to the people as some desired (Ferriter, n.d.). An effective civil service providing for many needs was set up, but the ruling party and government experienced internal strife over significant differences of opinion throughout this decade (Ferriter, n.d.). The government was a democracy, but a very young democracy, and with all of the problems that this youth entails in a newly freed and democratically empowered nation and population.
During the 1920’s Ireland was in a civil war. The war is over a treaty that says the Northern part of Ireland can become part of the UK. The Southern part cannot be a part and has to go be a part of England. This war started in 1922. This was followed by Ireland’s War of Independence, which ended in 1921.
The Irish had suffered long before in the hands of the English when Cromwell had been in control and had taken away land held by the catholic majority of the country to members of the protestant minority. This created a large tension among the population with the oppressed majority and the rather entitled minority who by Trevelyan’s snooty tone did indeed see themselves as the superior people in the country. (Trevelyan’s tone is probably the most dismissive when in discussion of the Irish, mayhaps showing his own true dislike.) (Trevelyan, p. 116-
against the Protestants. In 1829 Catholics were not suitable for schools throughout Ireland they were only suitable for Protestants. The Catholic peasantry were still called on to pay tithes, and they continued to be harassed by the exactions of tithe-proctors and others, who if the money was not forthcoming, seized the poor peoples cows, furniture, beds, blankets, kettles, or anything they could lay their hands on (History Of Nations 12 Ireland-Scotland p.224).The Catholics were a minority in Ireland much like in the history of Quebec where the English conquered the French, the French were considered lower forms of humans they weren’t up to English standards. As the years past the Catholics started to get back at the Protestants forming the I.R.A. I.R.A. and Protestant killings continued into the early 1900s, Britain began launching multi party- talks with the goal of forging a new assembly for northern Ireland and new relations between the north and Irish republic. By 1999, Protestant and Catholic negotiators had